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2015年英語(yǔ)四級(jí)閱讀理解模擬題（第一套）
第一篇：
There are people in Italy who can’t stand soccer. Not all Canadians love hockey. A similar situation exists in America, where there are those individuals you may be one of them who yawn or even frown when somebody mentions baseball. 『Baseball to them means boring hours watching grown men in funny tight outfits standing around in a field staring away while very little of anything happens.』① They tell you it’s a game better suited to the 19th century, slow, quiet, gentlemanly. These are the same people you may be one of them who love football because there’s the sport that glorifies “the hit”.
By contrast, baseball seems abstract, cool, silent, still.
On TV the game is fractured into a dozen perspectives, replays, close?ups. The geometry of the game, however, is essential to understanding it. You will contemplate the game from one point as a painter does his subject; you may, of course, project yourself into the game. It is in this projection that the game affords so much space and time for involvement. The TV won’t do it for you.
Take, for example, the third baseman. You sit behind the third base dugout and you watch him watching home plate. His legs are apart, knees flexed. His arms hang loose. He does a lot of this. The skeptic still cannot think of any other sports so still, so passive. 『But watch what happens every time the pitcher throws: the third baseman goes up on his toes, flexes his arms or bring the glove to a point in front of him, takes a step right or left, backward or forward, perhaps he glances across the field to check his first baseman’s position.』② Suppose the pitch is a ball. “Nothing happened,” you say. “I could have had my eyes closed.”
The skeptic and the innocent must play the game. And this involvement in the stands is no more intellectual than listening to music is. Watch the third baseman. Smooth the dirt in front of you with one foot; smooth the pocket in your glove; watch the eyes of the batter, the speed of the bat, the sound of horsehide on wood. If football is a symphony of movement and theatre, baseball is chamber music, a spacious interlocking of notes, chores and responses.
1. The passage is mainly concerned with ______.
A. the different tastes of people for sports
B. the different characteristics of sports
C. the attraction of football
D. the attraction of baseball
2. Those who don’t like baseball may complain that ______.
A. it is only to the taste of the old
B. it involves fewer players than football
C. it is not exciting enough
D. it is pretentious and looks funny
3. The author admits that ______.
A. baseball is too peaceful for the young
B. baseball may seem boring when watched on TV
C. football is more attracting than baseball
D. baseball is more interesting than football
4. By stating “I could have had my eyes closed. ” the author means (4th paragraph last sentence):
A. The third baseman would rather sleep than play the game.
B. Even if the third baseman closed his eyes a moment ago, it could make no different to the result.
C. The third baseman is so good at baseball that he could finish the game with eyes closed all the time and do his work well.
D. The consequent was too bad he could not bear to see it.
5. We can safely conclude that the author ______.
A. likes football B. hates football
C. hates baseball D. likes baseball
詞匯與短語(yǔ)
1. dugout n. 棒球場(chǎng)邊供球員休息的地方
2. pitcher n. 投手
3. symphony n. 交響樂(lè)
4. chamber n. 室內(nèi)
5. contemplate vt.沉思，注視
長(zhǎng)難句解析
�、佟窘馕觥看司涞闹鞲墒�“Baseball?means?watching?”，其中“in funny tight outfits”用來(lái)修飾“grown men”,“standing?”和“staring”用來(lái)做“grown men”的定語(yǔ)。 【譯文】對(duì)于他們來(lái)說(shuō)，棒球就是在無(wú)聊的幾個(gè)小時(shí)中幾個(gè)身著緊身衣的大人佇立在場(chǎng)地周?chē)鷽](méi)事可做地東張西望。
②【解析】這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句，“goes up?”，“flexes?”“takes?”，“glances?”做“the third baseman”的并列謂語(yǔ)。 【譯文】但每當(dāng)投球手?jǐn)S出球的那一瞬間，你再看吧，三壘運(yùn)動(dòng)員腳尖點(diǎn)地，屈臂或把接球手套直指前方，左右移動(dòng)步伐，或前或后，或許他還要越過(guò)場(chǎng)地盯著一壘球手的動(dòng)作。
答案與詳解
【短文大意】本文主要講述壘球的特征及欣賞。
1. D 主旨題。文章第一段簡(jiǎn)述了人們對(duì)壘球所持的偏見(jiàn)——認(rèn)為它毫無(wú)活力、從容和緩，不像橄欖球那樣(禁止)迭起、令人激動(dòng)。文章的第二、三、四、五段探討了壘球的根本特征及欣賞角度，文章的最后一句話用一個(gè)比喻概括了壘球的魅力：“如果橄欖球是一曲交響樂(lè)的話，那么，壘球中所表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的運(yùn)動(dòng)恰似一曲優(yōu)美的室內(nèi)樂(lè)。”可見(jiàn)，本文主要探討的是壘球的特點(diǎn)及其欣賞。 A不對(duì)，第一段也確實(shí)提到了不同觀眾對(duì)不同運(yùn)動(dòng)形式的偏好，但這只是用以引出對(duì)壘球的特征及欣賞的討論。
2. C 細(xì)節(jié)題。文章第一段指出：許多人不喜歡壘球，一提起壘球這些人就打哈欠甚至皺眉頭。對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)，看壘球意味著眼巴巴地觀望著身著運(yùn)動(dòng)裝(outfit)的人呆立在球場(chǎng)上，東瞧瞧西望望，很少有什么(激動(dòng)人心的)事發(fā)生——沒(méi)意思透了。他們認(rèn)為這樣的運(yùn)動(dòng)更適合上個(gè)世紀(jì)的人的口味，不像橄欖球那樣充滿
活力。 A意為：“它只適合老年人的口味。”注意：原文說(shuō)的是適合上個(gè)世紀(jì)的人的口味，二者意味不一樣。 D意為：“它矯揉造作、滑稽可笑。”這與說(shuō)它gentlemanly(具有紳士風(fēng)度，矜持，即：沒(méi)有沖撞或拼搶)不一樣。
3. B 推斷題。第三段指出，在電視上，壘球運(yùn)動(dòng)被切換成不同角度的畫(huà)面，而且不斷地使用重放、特寫(xiě)等電視制作技術(shù)，這破壞了該運(yùn)動(dòng)的整體運(yùn)動(dòng)感，使觀眾無(wú)法將自己投入(project)到運(yùn)動(dòng)中去，以體會(huì)到這種寓動(dòng)于靜的運(yùn)動(dòng)之美。電視做不到這一點(diǎn)(The TV won’t do it for you)，因此，電視上的壘球比賽看上去(seems)孤孤單單、冷冷清清、沉沉靜靜、慢慢騰騰。C、D不對(duì)，作者僅指出了不同運(yùn)動(dòng)有不同運(yùn)動(dòng)的特征，并未說(shuō)哪種運(yùn)動(dòng)優(yōu)于哪種。參閱文章最后一句。
4. B 推斷題。第四段整個(gè)都在描述壘球場(chǎng)上的一個(gè)場(chǎng)景：拿三壘的運(yùn)動(dòng)員假設(shè)對(duì)方全投出好球，作好了一切準(zhǔn)備，但是對(duì)方投出的并不是好球。所以在那時(shí)候他的準(zhǔn)備做不做都不會(huì)影響比賽結(jié)果。他說(shuō)本來(lái)可以閉上眼睛，意思就是B項(xiàng)所寫(xiě)的。A、C、D都不符合作者的意圖。這道題需要完整地了解第四段內(nèi)容才能作好選擇。
5. D 推斷題。在本文中，作者主要探討了壘球的特征及欣賞，作者著重指出的是：只有根據(jù)壘球的特征來(lái)欣賞它，才能體會(huì)到它的魅力。在他看來(lái)，觀察到壘球比賽中運(yùn)動(dòng)員的各種動(dòng)作、壘球位之間的關(guān)系等是欣賞它的關(guān)鍵(第三段第二句)。只有從整體來(lái)把握它，才能看到每一個(gè)小的動(dòng)作、每一個(gè)眼神乃至于“靜止”的意義，也只有這樣，才能全身心地投入比賽中，欣賞到它的魅力�？梢�(jiàn)，作者對(duì)壘球有很深的理解而且非常喜愛(ài)壘球。主要參考第三、四、五段。
第二篇：
Among the more colorful characters of Leadville’s golden age were H.A.W.Tabor and his second wife, Elizabeth McCourt, better known as “Baby Doe”. Their history is fast becoming one of the legends of the Old West. Horace Austin Warner Tabor was a school teacher in Vermont. With his first wife and two children he left Vermont by covered wagon in 1855 to homestead in Kansas. Perhaps he did not find farming to his liking, or perhaps he was lured by rumors of fortunes to be made in Colorado mines. At any rate, a few years later he moved west to the small Colorado mining camp known as California Gulch, which he later renamed Leadville when he became its leading citizen. “Great deposits of lead are sure to be found here.” he said.
As it turned out, it was silver, not lead, that was to make Leadville’s fortune and wealth. Tabor knew little about mining himself, so he opened a general store, which sold everything from boots to salt, flour, and tobacco.『It was his custom to “grubstake” prospective miners, in other words, to supply them with food and supplies, or“grub”, while they looked for ore, in return for which he would get a share in the mine if one was discovered.』①He did this for a number of years, but no one that he aided ever found anything of value.
Finally one day in the year 1878, so the story goes, two miners came in and asked for “grub”. Tabor had decided to quit supplying it because he had lost too much money that way. These were persistent, however, and Tabor was too busy to argue with them. “Oh help yourself. One more time won’t make any difference,” He said and went on selling shoes and hats to other customers. The two miners took $17 worth of supplies, in return for which they gave Tabor a one-third interest in their findings. They picked a barren place on the mountain side and began to dig. After nine days they struck a rich vein of silver. Tabor bought the shares of the other two men, and so the mine belonged to him alone. This mine, known as the “Pittsburgh Mine,” made 1 300 000 for Tabor in return for his $17 investment.
Later Tabor bought the Matchless Mine on another barren hillside just outside the town for $117 000. This turned out to be even more fabulous than the Pittsburgh, yielding $35 000 worth of silver per day at one time. Leadville grew. Tabor became its first mayor, and later became lieutenant governor of the state.
1. Leadville got its name for the following reasons EXCEPT ______.
A. because Tabor became its leading citizen
B. because great deposits of lead is expected to be found there
C. because it could bring good fortune to Tabor
D. because it was renamed
2. The word “grubstake” in paragraph 2 means ______.
A. to supply miners with food and supplies
B. to open a general store
C. to do one’s contribution to the development of the mine
D. to supply miners with food and supplies and in return get a share in the mine, if one was discovered
3. Tabor made his first fortune ______.
A. by supplying two prospective miners and getting in return a one-third interest in the findings
B. because he was persuaded by the two miners to quit supplying
C. by buying the shares of the other
D. as a land speculator
4. The underlying reason for Tabor’s life career is ______.
A. purely accidental
B. based on the analysis of miner’s being very poor and their possibility of discovering profitable mining site
C. through the help from his second wife
D. he planned well and accomplished targets step by step
5. If this passage is the first part of an article ,who might be introduced in the following part?
A. Tabor’s life.
B. Tabor’s second wife, Elizabeth McCourt.
C. Other colorful characters.
D. Tabor’s other careers.
詞匯與短語(yǔ)
1. barren adj. 貧瘠的
2. fabulous adj. 神話般的，難以置信的
3. lure vt.誘惑，引誘
4. deposit n.沉淀，儲(chǔ)蓄
5. grubstake v.下注
長(zhǎng)難句解析
�、佟窘馕觥�“It”是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是“to”后面的句子，“while”引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。
【譯文】他的通常做法是對(duì)來(lái)采礦的人“下注”，說(shuō)得更明確一點(diǎn)就是泰勃供給這些人食品、用品等物品，作為回報(bào)，當(dāng)他們采到礦后就會(huì)分給他一部分股份。
答案與詳解
【短文大意】本文主要講述霍塞斯·奧斯汀·沃納·泰勃發(fā)家的故事。
1. C 細(xì)節(jié)題。因?yàn)長(zhǎng)eadville可以為T(mén)abor帶來(lái)巨富。這一點(diǎn)不是Leadville得名的原因，因?yàn)樵谖恼碌诙沃�，講到這一點(diǎn)時(shí)，提及三個(gè)原因：A.因?yàn)門(mén)abor成為當(dāng)?shù)氐木用翊砣宋�，B.因?yàn)樵贚eadville有豐富的鉛的儲(chǔ)藏量。D.因?yàn)長(zhǎng)eadville是因?yàn)門(mén)abor重要而起的名，唯獨(dú)C沒(méi)有，因?yàn)榈胶髞?lái)發(fā)現(xiàn)是銀礦才給他帶來(lái)巨富。
2. D 詞匯題。第二段中g(shù)rubstake的詞義與D所述內(nèi)容是相同的，即“供給探礦者資金，衣物，食品
以及其他物品”。(可參閱英華大辭典修訂第二版64頁(yè))但此處還補(bǔ)充地講，作為回報(bào)，供給者可以獲得礦中資源一定份額。(見(jiàn)文章第二段第4行)
3. A 細(xì)節(jié)題。Tabor第一次真正發(fā)財(cái)是他為兩名礦工提供資助，為此他獲得他們礦資源三分之一的股份。見(jiàn)文章第三段4-9行內(nèi)容：兩名開(kāi)礦者從Tabor那兒借走價(jià)值17美元的物品，作為回報(bào)，Tabor獲得他們礦資源三分之一股份。于是兩位開(kāi)礦者在一座山旁的不毛之地開(kāi)始挖掘，九天之后，發(fā)現(xiàn)了銀的富礦，于是Tabor又將兩人的股份全買(mǎi)下，這樣，銀礦屬于Tabor一個(gè)人所有，這個(gè)礦就是后來(lái)著名的“匹茲堡”礦。Tabor用17美元的投資換來(lái)了130萬(wàn)美元的收獲。
4. B 推斷題。由原文可知泰勃的財(cái)產(chǎn)來(lái)源是有一定偶然性的，但是畢竟也是基于他開(kāi)創(chuàng)的“grubstake”模式，因?yàn)锳、D都不對(duì)，C更是沒(méi)有根據(jù)，因?yàn)樗�沒(méi)有娶第二位夫人這一切就發(fā)生了。分析泰勃的做法，會(huì)得出B選項(xiàng)所示的結(jié)論。
5. B 推斷題。如果本文是一篇文章的第一部分，那么在文章的第二部分將介紹誰(shuí)呢?key可以從文章第一句分析出來(lái)，在Leadville的黃金年代，其多彩的特點(diǎn)當(dāng)中，Tabor及其第二任妻子Elizabeth McCourt是值得大書(shū)特書(shū)的，接著，文章都在講述有關(guān)H.A.W.Tabor發(fā)家致富的歷史，如先買(mǎi)下匹茲堡礦，后又買(mǎi)下Matchless礦，最后成為市長(zhǎng)，代理州長(zhǎng)，等等，所以涉及到的全是男主人公，因此下邊再講的話，應(yīng)成為女主人公即Elizabeth McCourt的天地了，她是Tabor的第二任妻子。這是順理成章的事。
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