2016年6月英語四級翻譯專項模擬題
話題一：孔雀舞
話題材料：
孔雀舞(peacock dance)是傣族(Dai ethnic group)最廣泛流傳的古代舞蹈之一，同時也是傣族最受喜愛的舞蹈。對傣族來說，孔雀象征著好運、幸福、美麗和誠實，所以跳孔雀舞是為了歌頌美好的生活，表達對幸福生活的美好的祝愿�？兹肝柚饕诖鰵v的新年-潑水節(jié)(the Water-splashingFestival)、關(guān)門節(jié)(the Gate Closing Festival)、開門節(jié)(the Gate Opening Festival)和一些重要的宗教活動上表演。他們通過跳優(yōu)雅的孔雀舞來祈求和平與幸福。
參考譯文：
The peacock dance is one of the most wide-spreadancient dances and also the best-loved dance of theDai ethnic group.To the Dai people, the peacock is asymbol of good luck, happiness, beauty andhonesty.So to perform this dance is to present aeulogy of good life and express good wishes for a happy life. It is mostly performed on the NewYear (Water-splashing Festival) of the Dai calendar, at the Gate Closing Festival, the GateOpening Festival and some important religious events. They pray for peace and happiness withgraceful peacock dancing.
1.孔雀舞是傣族最廣泛流傳的古代舞蹈之一：“最廣泛流傳的”可用the most wide-spread表示，spread意為“傳播”，wide-spread意為“廣泛傳播的”：“傣族”可譯為Daiethnic group.
2.對傣族來說，孔雀象征著好運、幸福、美麗和誠實：“對傣族族來說”可譯為to the Dai people，因上文有“傣族”的全稱，故此處可以簡寫，也可譯為for the Dai people;“象征著”可以理解為“是…的象征”，故可以用bea symbol of：……來表示。
話題二：水墨畫
話題材料：
水墨畫(ink wash painting)是一種毛筆畫�；舅嬛皇褂蒙顪\不一的黑色墨水。唐朝時，水墨畫得到發(fā)展。人們普遍認(rèn)為是王維將顏色加入到當(dāng)時的水墨畫中。水墨畫的目標(biāo)不僅僅是復(fù)制物體的外觀，還要捕捉它的靈魂。要想畫一匹馬，水墨畫家必須了解馬的肌肉和骨骼，更要了解馬的氣質(zhì)(temperament)。要想畫一朵花，水墨畫家并不需要完全描摹它的花瓣和顏色，重要的是傳達它的'活力和芳香。
參考譯文：
Ink wash painting is a type of brush painting.Onlyblack ink is used for the painting of basic ones, invarious concentrations.During the Tang Dynasty, inkwash painting got developed. Wang Wei is generallycredited as the painter who applied color to existingink wash paintings. The goal of ink wash painting is not simply to reproduce the appearanceof a subject, but to capture its soul.To paint a horse, the ink wash painting artist mustunderstand its temperament better than its muscles and bones.To paint a flower, there is noneed to perfectly portray its petals and color, but it is essential to convey its liveliness andfragrance.
1.基本水墨畫只使用深淺不一的黑色墨水：該句可以理解為“基本水墨畫只可以用黑色墨水來畫，而且墨水要有不同的濃度”。
2.人們普遍認(rèn)為是王維將顏色加入到當(dāng)時的水墨畫中：該句可譯為帶有定語從句的復(fù)合句，主語可定為Wang Wei，謂語則是is generally credited，即“被普遍認(rèn)為”也有“人們普遍認(rèn)為”的意思。
3.要想畫一匹馬，水墨畫家必須了解馬的肌肉和骨骼，更要了解馬的氣質(zhì)：“要想畫一匹馬”可用to do結(jié)構(gòu)來表示，即to paint a horse.“了解……更要了解…”有比較的意味，即“了解…好過了解…”，可以翻譯為underetand…better than…，其中“氣質(zhì)”可以用temperament來表達。
4.要想畫一朵花，水墨畫家并不需要完全描摹它的花瓣和顏色，重要的是傳達它的活力和芳香：“不需要做某事”可譯為there is no need to do，為英語中常用句型，表示“沒有必要做某事”。
話題三：風(fēng)箏
話題材料：
風(fēng)箏是中國的一個發(fā)明，被贊譽為現(xiàn)代飛機的先驅(qū)。它為科學(xué)的發(fā)展和飛機的生產(chǎn)做出了貢獻。第一架飛機的形狀便是根據(jù)風(fēng)箏造出來的。中國最早的風(fēng)箏都是用木頭做的，最早可追溯到至少兩千年前的戰(zhàn)國時期(the Warring StatesPeriod)。紙被發(fā)明后，人們開始使用這種新材料制作風(fēng)箏。早期的風(fēng)箏被用于軍事目的。據(jù)歷史文獻記載，那時風(fēng)箏的尺寸很大，有些大到足以能夠把人帶到空中來觀察敵人的行動。
參考譯文：
The kite, a Chinese invention, has been praised asthe forerunner of modern aeroplane. It hascontributed to the development of science andproduction of aeroplanes. The first plane was shapedafter the kite.The earliest Chinese kites were made ofwood which can date back as far as the Warring States Period, at least two millennia ago. Afterthe invention of paper, kites began to be made of this new material.Early kites were used formilitary purposes. Historical records say they were large in size; some were large enough tocarry men up in the air to observe enemy movements.
1.風(fēng)箏是中國的一個發(fā)明，被贊譽為現(xiàn)代飛機的先驅(qū)：“發(fā)明”可譯為invention，“中國四大發(fā)明”則可譯為the fourancient Chinese.
2.它為科學(xué)的發(fā)展和飛機的生產(chǎn)做出了貢獻：“做出貢獻”可譯為contribute to，也可譯為make contributionsto，要注意這里的to是介詞。英語中to是介詞的短語還有beused to(習(xí)慣于)，be addicted to(沉溺于)，bedevoted to(獻身于)，be adjusted to(適應(yīng))等。
3.最早可追溯到至少兩千年前的戰(zhàn)國時期：“最早可追溯到”可譯為date as far back as，也可譯為dateback as early/far as.
話題四：對聯(lián)
話題材料：
對聯(lián)(couplet)是由富有詩意的兩句話組成，通常是押韻的(rhymed)。人們用所能掌握的最好的書法水平將它們寫在紅色豎紙條上。上聯(lián)(the first line of a couplet)貼在前門的右側(cè)，下聯(lián)貼在前門的左側(cè)。此外，橫批(the horizontalscroll)是橫著貼在門框上的。對聯(lián)是中國獨特文化的一部分。它也是一個同時與中國語言和文字相關(guān)的藝術(shù)。今天，對聯(lián)常被用作中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日的裝飾。
參考譯文：
The couplet is comprised of a pair of lines of poetrythat are usually rhymed, which are written on verticalslips of red paper in the best calligraphic style onecan master. The first line of a couplet is posted onthe right side of the front door. The second line of acouplet is posted on the left of a couplet side of the front door. In addition, the horizontalscroll is posted across and on top of the doorframe. Couplet is a part of Chinese uniqueculture and also an art related to both the Chinese, language and Chinese characters. Today, it isoften used as a decoration during traditional Chinese festivals.
1.對聯(lián)是由富有詩意的兩句話組成，通常是押韻的：“富有詩意的兩句話”可翻譯為a pair of lines of poetry.“押韻的”可譯為 rhymed.
2.人們用所能掌握的最好的書法水平將它們寫在紅色豎紙條上：該句可以和第一句話結(jié)合，作定語從句。其中“寫在紅色豎紙條上”可以翻譯為written on vertical slips of redpaper.“人們用所能掌握的最好的書法水平”則用in短語引出，譯為in the best calligraphic style one can master.
3.上聯(lián)貼在前門的右側(cè)，下聯(lián)貼在前門的左側(cè)：本句中的“上聯(lián)”以及“下聯(lián)”不能按照漢語意思直接意為upper line和downn line，而要根據(jù)意思譯為the first line of a couplet和the second line of acouplet.下文中的“橫批”可譯為the horizontal scroll，因為它是橫著貼的，所以要用horizontal翻譯。
4.它也是一個同時與中國語言和文字相關(guān)的藝術(shù)：“與…相關(guān)”可譯為be relate to…或have the relationto…。“同時…和…”可用both and…來表示。