2016英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試段落翻譯模擬練習(xí)
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孔子
孔子 (Confucius) 是我國(guó)古代著名的思想家、教育家，儒家學(xué)派 (Confucian School) 的創(chuàng)始人。相傳孔子有弟子三千，賢弟子72人，孔子曾帶領(lǐng)部分弟子周游列國(guó)14年。在中國(guó)五千年的歷史上，對(duì)華夏民族的性格、氣質(zhì) (temperament) 產(chǎn)生最大影響的人就算是孔子了。他正直、樂觀向上、積極進(jìn)取。他一生都在追求真、善、美，一生都在追求理想的社會(huì)。他品格中的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，幾千年來(lái)影響著中國(guó)人，特別是影響著中國(guó)的知識(shí)分子。
Confucius
Confucius is a famous ideologist, educator, and the founder of Confucian School in ancient China. It’s said he has 3,000 disciples, 72 out of whom are excellent ones, and he has led some disciples to visit various states for 14 years. During 5,000 years’ history of China, it’s Confucius who has exerted the greatest impact on Chinese nation’s characteristic and temperament. He is upright, optimistic, active and enterprising, striving for truthfulness, kindness and beauty, and seeking for an ideal society all his life. The shining points in his characteristics have been influencing the Chinese people, especially the Chinese intellectuals for thousands of years.
中國(guó)人和紅色
中國(guó)人很喜歡紅色， 甚至稱自己為“赤子”。紅色在匯總過象征著權(quán)力和喜慶。很多朝代的官服是紅色的;在清代，官帽上深淺不同的紅色代表了不同的官位。公文的標(biāo)題通常也用紅色，這就是它們被稱為“紅頭文件(red-head documents)”的原因。另外，用于婚禮的`雙喜字是紅色的。春節(jié)期間，老人們也會(huì)給小孩子們發(fā)紅包，當(dāng)做新年的禮物和祝福。
Chinese and the Color of Red
We Chinese like the color of red, and even we call ourselves as Chizi, which means a patriot. In China, red represents the power and happiness. Official robes of many dynasties were red. In the Qing Dynasty, different shades of red on the official caps showed different rankings. Headlines of official documents are often printed in red. For that reason, it’s called “red-head documents”. In addition, the Chinese character signifying double happiness used for weddings is red. During the Spring Festival, elder people will give Hongbao (or red pacekt)to the children as gifts and wishes for the new year.
年畫
年畫 (New Year picture) 是最受中國(guó)家庭歡迎的民間手工藝術(shù)形式之一。年畫一般在春節(jié)時(shí)張貼。因年畫在新的一年到來(lái)后才會(huì)被換，故稱“年畫”。年畫是中國(guó)民間美術(shù)中較大的一個(gè)藝術(shù)門類，它始于古代的“門神畫 (door-god picture)”，據(jù)說(shuō)貼在家門上可以辟邪。同時(shí)，年畫還可以美化居家環(huán)境，增添節(jié)日的喜慶氣氛，為家人帶來(lái)幸福和歡樂，表達(dá)了民眾向往美好生活的愿望。
New Year Picture
The New Year pictures are one of the most popular folk handcraft arts among Chinese families. Generally, they’re posted during the Spring Festival. Because they will be replaced after another New Year’s arrival, hence their name is New Year pictures. The New Year picture in China is a large category of folk art, originating from the door-god picture, which is believed to exorcise evil spirits when posted on the door of a house. At the same time, the pictures can beautify people’s homes, enhance the festive atmosphere and bring happiness and joy to the family, and express their hopes for a better life.
算盤
算盤 (abacus) 是一種手動(dòng)操作計(jì)算輔助工具形式。它起源于中國(guó)，迄今已有2600多年的歷史，是中國(guó)古代的一項(xiàng)重要發(fā)明。在阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字 (Arabic numerals)出現(xiàn)前，算盤是世界廣為使用的計(jì)算工具�，F(xiàn)在，算盤在亞洲和中東的部分地區(qū)繼續(xù)使用，尤其見于商店之中，可以從供應(yīng)中國(guó)商品和日本商品的商店里買到。在西方，它有時(shí)候被用來(lái)幫助小孩子們理解數(shù)字，而一些數(shù)學(xué)家喜歡體驗(yàn)一下使用算盤計(jì)算出簡(jiǎn)單算術(shù) (arithmetical)問題的感覺。
Abacus
An abacus is a form of manually operated counting aid. It has originated in China over 2600 years ago. It is one of the most important inventions of ancient China. The abacus used to be the most widely used calculation tool before the appearance of Arabic numerals. At present, abacuses continue to be used in part of Asia and the Middle East, especially in the shops, and they are available in stores which stock Chinese or Japanese goods. In the west, it is sometimes used to help young children grasp numbers, and some mathematicians enjoy experimenting with the abacus to work out simple arithmetical problems.
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