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四級(jí)英語(yǔ)短文解析
(一)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay about a course that has impressed you most in college. You should state the reasons and write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
2014年12月的大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試的作文題目淺顯易懂，貼近生活。以本題為例，要求考生談?wù)勛约涸诖髮W(xué)里印象最深的一門課，并說(shuō)明原因。我們相信考生在審題方面都沒(méi)有困難，但也正因?yàn)槿绱�，拼的便是語(yǔ)言表達(dá)能力了。
在結(jié)構(gòu)上，這篇作文宜設(shè)計(jì)成三個(gè)段落。第一段引出話題，并指出給自己留下最深印象的那門課。本段最好簡(jiǎn)明扼要，一兩句話即可。第二段詳細(xì)介紹這門課，這實(shí)際上就解釋了該課程令自己印象深刻的原因。由于本段是文章的重心所在，所以宜不惜筆墨，條分縷析，可以從兩三個(gè)方面詳細(xì)展開(kāi)。最后一段重述主題，指出這門課程對(duì)自己的重要影響。
最近幾年大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試的作文出題方式靈活多變，宣告了押題和模板的終結(jié)。這再次提醒我們：只有扎扎實(shí)實(shí)地練好英語(yǔ)寫作的基本功，才能從容應(yīng)對(duì)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)的寫作。下面請(qǐng)看范文：
As a sophomore majoring in International Trade Law, I have taken many courses at college. But what impressed me most is English public speaking I attended in my freshman year.
The course helped me a lot to develop the skills needed to speak in public. It consisted of theoretical and practical study. In theoretical study I acquainted myself with the different methods of delivering effective public speeches. I also learned such skills as how to overcome nervousness, how to grab the audience's attention and how to use body language. In practical study we students took turns to give a speech in front of the class. The teacher then commented on our performance and gave us some useful advice.
Thanks to the course I am now a confident speaker in English. This ability is of great importance to my future career, which relies heavily on effective communication. (146 words)
語(yǔ)言亮點(diǎn)借鑒：
1. It consisted of theoretical and practical study. 它由理論學(xué)習(xí)和實(shí)踐學(xué)習(xí)組成。consist of，由 --- 組成。
2. In theoretical study I acquainted myself with the different methods of delivering effective public speeches.在理論學(xué)習(xí)部分，我熟悉了有效進(jìn)行公開(kāi)演講的不同方法。acquaint oneself with ---，使自己熟悉 ---。
3. In practical study we students took turns to give a speech in front of the class.在實(shí)踐學(xué)習(xí)部分，我們學(xué)生輪流向全班同學(xué)發(fā)表演講。take turns to do sth，輪流做某事。
4. Thanks to the course I am now a confident speaker in English. 由于學(xué)習(xí)了這門課，我現(xiàn)在可以自信地用英語(yǔ)發(fā)表演講。thanks to，由于。
5. This ability is of great importance to my future career, which relies heavily on effective communication. 這種能力對(duì)我未來(lái)的事業(yè)非常重要，因?yàn)樗浅Ｒ蕾囉谟行У慕涣�。which relies ---是一個(gè)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾career，同時(shí)還表示原因。
(二)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay about a campus activity that has benefited you most. You should state the reasons and write at least 120 but no more than180 words.
這道作文題目看似不難，但筆者在閱卷中卻發(fā)現(xiàn)有將近一半的考生寫偏題或跑題。先讓我們一起仔細(xì)審審題：a campus activity that has benefited you most.
首先，冠詞a表明題目要求考生寫"一項(xiàng)"校園活動(dòng)，而筆者在閱卷中卻發(fā)現(xiàn)有有的考生寫了好幾項(xiàng)活動(dòng)。其次，campus限定了范圍，就是要寫"校園"活動(dòng)，考生如果寫由學(xué)校或班級(jí)組織的校外活動(dòng)，如爬山、野營(yíng)、春游、參觀等也可以，但不少考生寫的卻是和爸爸一起去爬山、和朋友一起去旅游、在校外兼職打工等，這就跑題了。再次，題目中的activity指的應(yīng)是校園里的某項(xiàng)具體的活動(dòng)，比如一次辯論賽、演講比賽、慈善募捐、運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)、聯(lián)歡會(huì)等，但有相當(dāng)多的考生卻將之理解為個(gè)人的hobby，寫的是閱讀、慢跑、玩電子游戲等，還有考生沒(méi)有將活動(dòng)具體化，泛泛地分析campus activity，這就偏題了。又次，benefit表明要寫讓自己受益的活動(dòng)，但不少考生卻大談校園活動(dòng)的利和弊。最后，you要求考生在寫作時(shí)要聯(lián)系自己，但不少考生卻分析了一番校園活動(dòng)對(duì)當(dāng)代大學(xué)生的好處。
本文在內(nèi)容上要有述有議，在結(jié)構(gòu)上宜寫成三個(gè)段落。第一段引出本文所討論話題，即指出讓自己受益的那項(xiàng)校園活動(dòng)。第二段敘述一下該活動(dòng)，雖然題目中沒(méi)有此項(xiàng)要求，但一旦介紹清楚了該項(xiàng)活動(dòng)，最后再指出它給自己帶來(lái)的益處就會(huì)順理成章。最后一段指出該校園活動(dòng)使自己在哪些方面受益(即state the reasons)。下面請(qǐng)看范文：
I have always been an active participant in extracurricular activities on campus. As far as I can remember the activity that has benefited me most is the English speech contest I took part in last semester.
First, I had to go to the library and consult a great number of books to write the first draft of the speech. Then I polished it with the help of my teacher. After that I practiced the speech until I could deliver it fluently and confidently. I also learned to use body language and maintain eye contact with the audience. All the efforts paid off as I finished second in the competition.
The event improved my pronunciation, increased my interest in English and, most important of all, bolstered my confidence. I have learned from the experience that I can make it as long as I try my best. (145 words)
語(yǔ)言亮點(diǎn)：
1. on campus，在校園里，在校外是off campus。
2. As far as I can remember，就我所能記得的。
3. Then I polished it with the help of my teacher.然后我在老師的幫助下修改初稿。polish vt.修改，潤(rùn)色。
4. maintain eye contact with the audience，和聽(tīng)眾保持眼神交流。
5. All the efforts paid off as I finished second in the competition. 所有的努力都有了回報(bào)，因?yàn)槲以谶@次比賽中獲得第二名。pay off，得到回報(bào)。finish vi獲得(名次)，后面一般跟second, third, fourth等序數(shù)詞。
6. bolstered my confidence，增強(qiáng)了我的自信心。
7. I have learned from the experience that I can make it as long as I try my best. 我從這次經(jīng)歷中認(rèn)識(shí)到，只要我全力以赴，我就會(huì)成功。make it，成功。
(三)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay about a classmate of yours who has influenced you most in college. You should state the reasons and write at least 120 but no more than180 words.
本題比較淺顯易懂，貼近生活。它要求考生談?wù)勛约簩?duì)自己最有影響的一位大學(xué)同學(xué)，并說(shuō)明原因。
筆者在閱卷中發(fā)現(xiàn)，不少考生把一篇四級(jí)作文寫成黑壓壓的一大段，這既影響美觀，又不方便閱卷老師的理解(這自然會(huì)影響作文分?jǐn)?shù))。一篇作文是一個(gè)有機(jī)的整體，在意思上有起承轉(zhuǎn)合，因此要給作文適當(dāng)分段。我們可以把這篇四級(jí)作文分成三個(gè)段落：第一段指出對(duì)自己影響最大的是哪位同學(xué);第二段介紹這位同學(xué)，重點(diǎn)介紹影響了自己的思想、品德、能力的那些方面。這一段是文章的重心，宜敘議結(jié)合，分幾個(gè)方面詳加敘述。第三段總結(jié)全文，指出這位同學(xué)對(duì)自己做事、做人的影響。下面請(qǐng)看范文：
If you ask me which classmate influenced me most in college, I must say it is Rebecca Zhang, a 19-year-old sophomore. I so admire her that I always look on her as a role model for me.
A naturally kind-hearted girl, she is always ready to help others. The other day while crossing the street, she saw a granny fall down. She raised the old lady to her feet and sent her to hospital. What impressed me most is her dedication to the needy children in the mountainous regions in western China. She went to teach in a primary school in Guizhou last summer vacation. Still concerned about her pupils there, she writes letters and sends stationery to them regularly.
Such is Rebecca Zhang, whose kindness and devotion to others touched me deeply. I'm fortunate in having her as my classmate and I wish to be a loving person like her. (151 words)
語(yǔ)言亮點(diǎn)：
1. a 19-year-old sophomore，一個(gè)十九歲的大二學(xué)生。這個(gè)名詞短語(yǔ)做同位語(yǔ)，交代Rebecca Zhang的身份。
2. I so admire her that I always look on her as a role model for me.
我非常羨慕她，一直把她看作我的榜樣。a role model，榜樣。
3. A naturally kind-hearted girl, she is always ready to help others. 她天生是一個(gè)心地善良的姑娘，總是樂(lè)于助人。A naturally kind-hearted girl是一個(gè)名詞短語(yǔ)，做代詞she的同位語(yǔ)，這時(shí)一般前置。
4. The other day while crossing the street, she saw a granny fall down. 前幾天，她在過(guò)馬路的時(shí)候看見(jiàn)一個(gè)老奶奶摔倒了。the other day，前幾天。
5. She raised the old lady to her feet and sent her to hospital.她把老太太扶起來(lái)，并把她送到醫(yī)院。
6. in western China，在中國(guó)西部，亦作in Western China或 in West China。
7. Still concerned about her pupils there, she writes letters and sends stationery to them regularly. 因?yàn)槿匀粧炷钪谀抢锏膶W(xué)生，她經(jīng)常給他們寫信、寄文具。Still concerned about her pupils there是一個(gè)形容詞短語(yǔ)，做狀語(yǔ)，表示原因。
8. a loving person，一個(gè)有愛(ài)心的人。
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