6月英語四級真題第二套

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2024年6月英語四級真題第二套

　　2024年6月英語四級考試將在6月15日中午結(jié)束，相信同學(xué)們想對下四級答案，估算下自己的四級成績。下面是小編在第一時間整理2024年6月英語四級真題第二套，希望能夠幫助到你！

2024年6月英語四級真題第二套

　　6月英語四級真題第二套 1

　　Part I Writing （30 minutes）

　　Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to one of your school teachers upon entering college. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

　　Part III Reading Comprehension （40 minutes）

　　Section A

　　Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.

　　Contrary to popular belief, older people generally do not want to live with their children. Moreover, most adult children _____(26)every bit as much care and support to their aging parents as was the case in the "good old days", and roost older people do not feel _____(27).

　　About 80% of people 65 years and older have living children, and about 90% of them have _____(28)contact with their children. About 75% of elderly parents who dont go to nursing homes live within 30 minutes of at least one of their children.

　　However, _____(29)having contact with children does not guarantee happiness in old age. In fact, some research has found that people who are most involved with their families have the lowest spirits. This research may be _____(30), however, as ill health often makes older people more _____(31)and thereby increases contact with family members. So it is more likely that poor health, not just family involvement, _____(32)spirits.

　　Increasingly, researchers have begun to look at the quality of relationships, rather than at the frequency of contact, between the elderly and their children. If parents and children share interests and values and agree on childrearing practices and religious _____(33)they are likely to enjoy each others company. Disagreements on such matters can _____(34)cause problems. If parents are angered by their daughters divorce, dislike her new husband, and disapprove of how she is raising their grandchildren, _____(35)are that they are not going to enjoy her visits.

　　A.abandoned

　　B.advanced

　　C.biased

　　D.chances

　　E.commitment

　　F.dampens

　　G.dependent

　　H.distant

　　I.frequent

　　J.fulfillment

　　K.grant

　　L.merely

　　M.provide

　　N.understandably

　　O.unrealistically

　　Section B

　　Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

　　Could Food Shortages Bring Down Civilization?

　　[A] For many years I have studied global agricultural, population, environmental and economic trends and their interactions. The combined effects of those trends and the political tensions they generate point to the breakdown of governments and societies. Yet I, too, have resisted the idea that food shortages could bring down not only individual governments but also our global civilization.

　　[B] I can no longer ignore that risk. Our continuing failure to deal with the environmental declines that are undermining the world food economy forces me to conclude that such a collapse is possible.

　　[C] As demand for food rises faster than supplies are growing, the resulting food-price inflation puts severe stress on the governments of many countries. Unable to buy grain or grow their own, hungry people take to the streets. Indeed, even before the steep climb in grain prices in 2008, the number of failing states was expanding. If the food situation continues to worsen, entire nations will break down at an ever increasing rate. In the 20th century the main threat to international security was superpower conflict; today it is failing states.

　　[D] States fail when national governments can no longer provide personal security, food security and basic social services such as education and health care. When governments lose their control on power, law and order begin to disintegrate. After a point, countries can become so dangerous that food relief workers are no longer safe and their programs are halted. Failing states are of international concern because they are a source of terrorists, drugs, weapons and refugees(難民), threatening political stability everywhere.

　　[E] The surge in world grain prices in 2007 and 2008—and the threat they pose to food security——has a different, more troubling quality than the increases of the past. During the second of the 20th century, grain prices rose dramatically several times. In 1972, for instance, the Soviets. I recognizing their poor harvest early, quietly cornered the world wheat market. As a result, wheat prices elsewhere more than doubled, pulling rice and com prices up with them. But this and other price shocks were event-driven——drought in the Soviet Union, crop-shrinking heat in the U.S. Corn Belt. And the rises were short-lived: prices typically returned to normal with the next harvest.

　　[F]In contrast, recent surge in world grain prices is trend-driven, making it unlikely to reverse without a reversal in the trends themselves. On the demand side, those trends include the ongoing addition of more than 70 million people a year, a growing number of people wanting to move up the food chain to consume highly grain-intensive meat products, and the massive diversion(轉(zhuǎn)向)of U.S. grain to the production of bio-fuel.

　　[G]As incomes rise among low-income consumers, the potential for further grain consumption is huge. But that potential pales beside the never-ending demand for crop-based fuels. A fourth of this years U.S. grain harvest will go to fuel cars.

　　[H]What about supply? The three environmental trends——the shortage of fresh water, the loss of topsoil and the rising temperatures——are making it increasingly hard to expand the worlds grain supply fast enough to keep up with demand. Of all those trends, however, the spread of water shortages poses the most immediate threat. The biggest challenge here is irrigation, which consumes 70% the worlds fresh water. Millions of irrigation wells in many countries are now pumping water out of underground sources faster than rainfall can refill them. The result is falling water tables(地下水位)in countries with half the worlds people, including the three big grain producers——China, India and the U.S.

　　[I]As water tables have fallen and irrigation wells have gone dry, Chinas wheat crop, the worlds largest, has declined by 8% since it peaked at 123 million tons in 1997. But water shortages are even more worrying in India. Millions of irrigation wells have significantly lowered water tables in almost every state.

　　[J]As the worlds food security falls to pieces, individual countries acting in their own self-interest are actually worsening the troubles of many. The trend began in 2007, when leading wheat-exporting countries such as Russia and Argentina limited or banned their exports, in hopes of increasing local food supplies and thereby bringing down domestic food prices. Vietnam banned its exports for several months for the same reason. Such moves may eliminate the fears of those living in the exporting countries, but they are creating panic in importing countries that must rely on what is then left for export.

　　[K]In response to those restrictions, grain-importing countries are trying to nail down long-term trade agreements that would lock up future grain supplies. Food-import anxiety is even leading to new efforts by food-importing countries to buy or lease farmland in other countries. In spite of such temporary measures, soaring food prices and spreading hunger in many other countries are beginning to break down the social order.

　　[L]Since the current world food shortage is trend-driven, the environmental trends that cause it must be reversed. We must cut carbon emissions by 80% from their 2006 levels by 2020, stabilize the worlds population at eight billion by 2040, completely remove poverty, and restore forests and soils. There is nothing new about the four objectives. Indeed, we have made substantial progress in some parts of the world on at least one of these——the distribution of family-planning services and the associated shift to smaller families.

　　[M]For many in the development community, the four objectives were seen as positive, promoting development as long as they did not cost too much. Others saw them as politically correct and morally appropriate. Now a third and far more significant motivation presents itself: meeting these goals may necessary to prevent the collapse of our civilization. Yet the cost we project for saving civilization would amount to less than $200 billion a year, 1/6 of current global military spending. In effect, our plan is the new security budget.

　　The more recent steep climb in grain prices partly results from the fact that more and more people want to consume meat products.

　　37.Social order is breaking down in many countries because of food shortages.

　　38.Rather than superpower conflict, countries unable to cope with food shortages now constitute the main threat to world security.

　　39.Some parts of the world have seen successful implementation of family planning.

　　40.The author has come to agree that food shortages could ultimately lead to the collapse of world civilization.

　　41.Increasing water shortages prove to be the biggest obstante to boosting the worlds grain production.

　　42.The cost for saving our civilization would be considerably less than the worlds current military spending.

　　43.To lower domestic food prices, some countries limited or stopped their grain exports.

　　44.Environmental problems must be solved to case the current global food shortage.

　　45.A quarter of this years American grain harvest will be used to produce bio-fuel for cars.

　　Section C

　　Passage One

　　Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

　　Declining mental function is often seen as a problem of old age，but certain aspects of brain function actually begin their decline in young adulthood, a new study suggests.

　　The study, which followed more than 2,000 healthy adults between the ages of 18 and 60, found that certain mental functions—including measures of abstract reasoning, mental speed and puzzle-solving—started to dull as early as age 27.

　　Dips in memory, meanwhile, generally became apparent around age 37.

　　On the other hand, indicators of a person’s accumulated knowledge—like performance on tests of vocabulary and general knowledge—kept improving with age, according to findings published in the journal 　　Neurobiology of Aging.

　　The results do not mean that young adults need to start worrying about their memories. Most people’s minds function at a high level even in their later years, according to researcher Timothy Salthouse.

　　"These patterns suggest that some types of mental flexibility decrease relatively early in adulthood, but that the amount of knowledge one has, and the effectiveness of integrating it with one’s abilities，may 　　increase throughout all of adulthood if there are no dispases," Salthouse said in a news release.

　　The study included healthy, educated adults who took standard tests of memory, reasoning and perception at the outset and at some point over the next seven years.

　　The tests are designed to detect subtle (細(xì)微的)changes in mental function, and involve solving Puzzles, recalling words and details from stories, and identifying patterns in collections of letters and symbols.

　　In general, Salthouse and his colleagues found, certain aspects of cognition (認(rèn)知能力)generally started to decline in the late 20s to 30s.

　　The findings shed light on normal age-related changes in mental function, which could aid in understanding the process of dementia(癡呆),according to the researchers.

　　“By following individuals over time,” Salthouse said, "we gain insight in cognition changes, and may possibly discover ways to slow the rate of decline.”

　　The researchers are currently analyzing, the study participants health and lifestyle to see which factors might influence age-related cognitive changes.

　　46.What is the common view of mental function?

　　A.It varies from person to person.

　　C.It gradually expands with age.

　　B.It weakens in one’s later years.

　　D.It indicates one’s health condition.

　　47.What does the new study find about mental functions?

　　A.Some diseases inevitably lead to their decline.

　　B.They reach a peak at the age of 20 for most people.

　　C.They are closely related to physical and mental exercise.

　　D.Some of them begin to decline when people are still young.

　　48.What does Timothy Salthouse say about peoples minds in most cases?

　　A.They tend to decline in people’s later years.

　　B.Their flexibility determines one’s abilities.

　　C.They function quite well even in old age.

　　D.Their functioning is still a puzzle to be solved.

　　49.Although people’s minds may function less flexibly as they age, they_____.

　　A.may be better at solving puzzles

　　B.can memorize things with more ease

　　C.may have greater facility in abstract reasoning

　　D.can put what they have learnt into more effective use

　　50.According to Salthouse, their study may help us_____.

　　A.find ways to slow down our mental decline

　　6.find ways to boost our memories

　　C.understand the complex process of mental functioning

　　D.understand the relation between physical and mental health

　　Passage Two

　　Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

　　The most important thing in the news last week was the rising discussion in Nashville about the educational needs of children. The shorthand(簡寫)educators use for this is "pre-K"—meaning instruction before kindergarten—and the big idea is to prepare 4-year-olds and even younger kids to be ready to succeed on their K-12 journey.

　　But it gets complicated. The concept has multiple forms, and scholars and policymakers argue about the shape, scope and cost of the ideal program.

　　The federal Head Start program, launched 50 years ago, has served more than 30 million children. It was based on concepts developed at Vanderbilt Universitys Peabody College by Susan Gray, the legendary pioneer in early childhood education research.

　　A new Peabody study of the Tennessee Voluntary Pre-K program reports that pre-K works, but the gains are not sustained through the third grade. It seems to me this highlights quality issues in elementary schools more than pre-K, and indicates longer-term success must connect pre-K with all the other issues, related to educating a child.

　　Pre-K is controversial. Some critics say it is a luxury and shouldnt be free to families able to pay. Pre-K advocates insist it is proven and will succeed if integrated with the rest of the childs schooling. I lean toward the latter view.

　　This is, in any case, the right conversation to be having now as Mayor Megan Barry takes office. She was the first candidate to speak out for strong pre-K programming. The important thing is for all of us to keep in mind the real goal and the longer, bigger picture.

　　The weight of the evidence is on the side of pre-K that early intervention (干預(yù))works. What government has not yet found is the political will to put that understanding into full practice with a sequence of smart schooling that provides the early foundation.

　　For this purpose, our schools need both the talent and the organization to educate each child who arrives at the schoolhouse door. Some show up ready, but many do not at this critical time when young brains are developing rapidly.

　　51.What does the author say about pre-kindergarten education?

　　A.It should cater to the needs of individual children.

　　B.It is essential to a persons future academic success.

　　C.Scholars and policymakers have different opinions about it.

　　D.Parents regard it as the first phase of childrens development.

　　52.What does the new Peabody study find?

　　A.Pre-K achievements usually do not last long.

　　B.The third grade marks a new phase of learning.

　　C.The third grade is critical to childrens development.

　　D.Quality has not been the top concern of pre-K programs.

　　53.When does the author think pre-K works the best?

　　A.When it is accessible to kids of all families.

　　B.When it is made part of kids education.

　　C.When it is no longer considered a luxury.

　　D.When it is made fun and enjoyable to kids.

　　54.What do we learn about Mayor Megan Barry?

　　A.She knows the real goal of education.

　　B.She is a mayor of insight and vision.

　　C.She has once run a pre-K program.

　　D.She is a firm supporter of pre-K.

　　55.What does the author think is critical to kids education?

　　A.Teaching method.

　　B.Kids interest.

　　C.Early intervention.

　　D.Parents involvement.

　　Part IV Translation （30 minutes）

　　Directions： For this part， you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English。 You should write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET 2。

　　在山東濰坊市，風(fēng)箏不僅僅是玩具，而且還是這座城市文化的'標(biāo)志。濰坊以“風(fēng)箏之都“而聞名，已有將近2400年放飛風(fēng)箏的歷史。傳說中國古代哲學(xué)家墨子用了三年時間在濰坊制作了世界上首個風(fēng)箏，但放飛的第一天風(fēng)箏就墜落并摔壞了。也有人相信風(fēng)箏是中國古代木匠魯班發(fā)明的。據(jù)說他的風(fēng)箏用木頭和竹子制作，飛了三天后才落地。

　　參考答案

　　參考范文：

　　Dear sir，

　　I am writing to you to express my thanks for your help in learning English。 You are one of the best teachers who I have ever met 。There are many good points that I learn from you。

　　During these days in your class， I have acquired much knowledge from you and it really helps me a lot。 Firstly， you let me know what the west thinking pattern is -straight thinking pattern。 As an English learner， it is important for me to understand the difference between them。 There is no denying the fact that this can help me with my examination and interaction with foreigners。 What’s more， I’m glad to be your student， and I am very happy to learn the course under your guidance。 English is an important tool， through which we can share our experience with the world。 I treasure the chance of learning English， and I enjoy the happiness from your course。

　　The last not the least， please forgive those mistakes I have made which may upset you。 What I have learned from you will help me pass the coming examinations and also be useful for my further education in abroad。 It is not only a progress of learning， but also a cultivation of my ability。

　　May everything go well around you。

　　Your student，

　　Li ling

　　選詞填空答案

　　26. 正確選項 M provide

　　27. 正確選項 A abandoned

　　28. 正確選項 I frequent

　　29. 正確選項 L merely

　　30. 正確選項 C biased

　　31. 正確選項 G dependent

　　32. 正確選項 F dampens

　　33. 正確選項 E commitment

　　34. 正確選項 N understandably

　　35. 正確選項 D chances

　　段落匹配答案

　　36. 正確選項 F

　　37. 正確選項 K

　　38. 正確選項 C

　　39. 正確選項 L

　　40. 正確選項 B

　　41. 正確選項 H

　　42. 正確選項 M

　　43. 正確選項 J

　　44. 正確選項 L

　　45. 正確選項 G

　　仔細(xì)閱讀答案

　　Passage One

　　46. 正確選項B。It weakens in one’s later years.

　　47. 正確選項D。Some of them begin to decline when people are still young.

　　48. 正確選項C。They function quite well even in old age.

　　49. 正確選項D。can put what they have learnt into more effective use.

　　50. 正確選項A。find ways to slow down our mental decline.

　　Passage Two

　　51. 正確選項 C。Scholars and policymakers have different opinions about it.

　　52. 正確選項A。Pre-K achievements usually do not last long.

　　53. 正確選項B。When it is made part of kids’education.

　　54. 正確選項D。She is a firm supporter of pre-K

　　55. 正確選項C。Early intervention.

　　6月英語四級真題第二套 2

　　四級作文：

　　問題：假設(shè)你的大學(xué)正在就大學(xué)食堂是否應(yīng)該向公眾開放征求學(xué)生的意見

　　范文參考：In the modern era,there is a heated debate regarding whether theuniversitys canteens should be open to the public.Some believethatit will do us more good than harm,while others argue that it willpose a threat to theorder and operationof the university.In myview,the university should recognize that this has both pros andcons.

　　Lets start with the advantages.First,it allowsthe public to enjoy thediverse and delicious food offered by university canteens.This canenhance the reputation of the university and foster a stronger rela-tionship between the university and thelocal community.Second,itcan also generate additional revenue for the university,which canbe used to improve the facilities and services provided tostudents.However,there are also potential drawbacks to consider.For in-stance,the increased number of people using the canteen may leadto overcrowding and longer waiting times for students during peakhours.Additionally,the public may have different preferences anddietary requirements compared to students,which could affect themenu options available and potentially increase costs.

　　In conclusion,the university should weigh the merits and demeritsso that itcan provide the best possible experiencefor both studentsand membersof the public.

　　四級翻譯

　　四合院(siheyuan)是中國一種傳統(tǒng)的住宅建筑，其特點是房屋建造在一個院子的四周，將院子合圍在中間。四合院通常冬暖夏涼，環(huán)境舒適，尤其適合大家庭居住。四合院在中國各地有多種類型，其中以北京的'四合院最為典型。如今，隨著現(xiàn)代城市的發(fā)展，傳統(tǒng)的四合院已逐漸減少，但因其獨特的建筑風(fēng)格，四合院對中國文化的傳承和中國歷史的研究具有重要意義。

　　"Siheyuan" is a traditional residential building in China, characterized by houses built around a courtyard, enclosing the courtyard in the middle. Siheyuan is usually warm in winter and cool in summer, with a comfortable environment, especially suitable for large families to live in. There are various types of Siheyuan in different parts of China, among which the Siheyuan in Beijing is the most typical. Today, with the development of modern cities, traditional Siheyuan has gradually decreased, but due to its unique architectural style, Siheyuan has important significance for the inheritance of Chinese culture and the study of Chinese history.

　　四級閱讀

　　四級聽力

　　四級聽力答案

　　news1

　　Q1:B、Q2:D

　　news2

　　Q3:C、Q4:B

　　news3

　　Q5:A、Q6:D、Q7:A

　　Conversation 1

　　Q8:D、Q9:C、Q10:D、Q11:A

　　Conversation 2

　　Q12:B、Q13:B、Q14:C、Q15:A

　　Passage 1

　　Q16:C、Q17:D、Q18:B

　　Passage 2

　　Q19:D、Q20:A、Q21:A

　　Passage 3

　　Q22:C、Q23:B、Q24:C、Q25:D

　　四級聽力原文

　　Conversation 1 Echo

　　M:Whats the bestway toteach childrenhow to saveand spend theirmoney?

　　W:You should make money a regular topic of discussion.Its best to startyoung,soits instinctiveratherthana scarysubject.

　　M:In ourfamily,wetalk openly aboutthings likethe budget forholidays,howtaxes reduceyour income,andhow to shop around for the best deals.

　　W:Indeed.Its also essentialto make moneyreal forchildrenthrough practical examples.Workingouthowmuch we save using discount pizzacoupons,forexample,is muchmore relevantthanabstract sums.

　　M:We alsogiveourkids pocket money,andtheamountthey get islinked to chores,such asputting thebinsoutandemptyingthe dishwasher.

　　W:Wedo that too,anditspaidaccordingtotheir age.Two pounds for eachyear,so they can see someprogression.

　　M:Teaching them tosaveis important.We openeda savings accountwhen they were young.Afterbirthdaysand Christmas,they would goto thebranch and deposittheir gift money.

　　W:Oh,Ihadnt considered doing that.

　　Inour house,we have transparent money boxesfor themto putsmall change in,so they can see their savingsgrow.

　　M:When thetime is nght,Ilstarttalking toourchildren aboutinvesting andshow them how themoneysaved for theirfurther education has grown.

　　W:I am ahways talkingto my elder daughterabout theimportanceofsavinginto a pension.

　　Shes just starteda part time job andwasthinking of not contributing to herpension.Luckily,I managedtopersuadeherotherwise.

　　M:Yes,its suchan important lesson to learn

　　Questions 8 to 11 are basedon the conversation you have just heard.

　　Question 8.What should we dowith the topic ofmoney,according tothe woman?Question 9.How doesthe womansay money canbe made realfor children?Question 10.What is the commonpracticebetween theman andthe woman?Question 11.What is the womanalways talking about to herelderdaughter?

　　Conversation 2 Endeavor

　　W:Welcometo Books inReview.Our guest today is John Banks,the author ofthebestsellingnewbook,Rewarding Success.

　　M:Glad to behere,Jane.

　　W:Your bookhas sold2 million copies,butbefore we discusswhy its getting somuch attention,lets talkaboutyour background.Youre aneconomist and spent twodecades teaching atuniversities?

　　M:Ispent 25 years as a professor,actually.And then,forthelast 10 years,Iveworked asa politicalconsultant,advising politicians at the national level about problemsin our country.

　　W:You discussthree ofthose problems in thebook,improvingpubliceducation,reducing our nations healthcareburden,and increasingpersonal savings.But your ideas about education are the most controversial.

　　M:Absolutely.A lot ofpeoplethink Im tryingto punish students who arent doing well,when actually mygoaistogive allstudents more incentive to succeed.

　　W:Imnot sure Iagree withyou.Yourproposal topay cashrewards to students who getgoodgradesis a

　　particularproblem.Whatabout students who dontget good grades?It seems like youre blaming themfor notsucceeding,whenpoor performancein schoolisnt a childsfault.

　　M:ButMyproposal is not just to reward studentswith goodgrades,but alsostudentswho showimprovement.

　　W:Okay,anotherciticism of the plan is the cash rewards themselves.Where willthe moneycome from?

　　M:If students dobetter well spendless on schooling.So,inthe end,therewardswill pay forthemselves.

　　W:What aboutnow?How will wefund therewards in themeantime?

　　M:Well,by increasingtaxesor moving money from otherareas ofthe budget intoeducation.

　　Q12:Whatdo we learn about the man?

　　Q13:What does the woman say is the most controversial?

　　Q14:What does theman say ishis realgoal?

　　Q15:Whatwill beone option for funding the proposed rewardsaccordingtothe man?

　　NEWS 1

　　A JetBlue Airlinesflight from West Palm BeachtoNew York City was forced to turn around andland Sunday morning after the plane struck abird.The flight from Palm Beach InternationalAirport to LaGuardia Airport turned around justminutes after takeoff following the strike.

　　No injuries were reported on the plane,and theflight took off once again,7.5 hours after thefirst attempt."It was like a split second of panicthat resulted in this nervous reaction on theplane,said passenger Brian Healy,"there wastotal quiet.And then there was relief when theplane came to a stop."An email from JetBlueread,"our team is working to accommodatecustomers on later flights."

　　Q1:What do we learn about theJetBlue Airlines

　　flightfrom the news report?

　　Q2:How did the passengers feel when the plane

　　came to a stop,according to Brian Healy?

　　NEWS 2

　　A deadly snake,which had finally been tracked downafter escaping a zoo has slipped away for the secondtime.The poisonous snake forced the closure of theattraction last week when staff noticed thedisappearance. fter six /days of desperatesearching,he was eventually found and placed in asupposedly secure area.

　　But,it seems the animal is no fan ofthe zoo,becauseyet again,he is out on the loose.The snake is arelative newcomer to the zo0,but has already beenfrustrating its staff.The staff believe he squeezedhimself out of a gap located around new energysaving bulbs installed inside the snake house.Hewas only found the first time around because staffbrought in a special machine to trace him inside awall opening.

　　This kind of snake is one of the most deadly andpoisonous in the wild,and they can range from 3 to 5meters in length.

　　Q3:What do we learn about the deadly snake fromthe news report?

　　Q4:How have the zoo staff been feeling about thesnake?

　　NEWS 3

　　Electric bikes have been the craze in downtownJacksonville since they were first introduced earlier thismonth as a one-year pilot program,but theyre leadingto safety concerns,mainly at night when some ridersdont follow the rules of the road.As the night goes on,groups of riders are often seen traveling in just aboutevery direction in thestreets and on pedestrian paths.

　　That is increasing the probability of dangerousaccidents.Electric bike riders have to follow all thesame rules as you would if you were in an automobile.

　　That means no running red lights or traveling in theopposite direction of traffic on one way streets.

　　City Council Member Anna Kumber was instrumental inintroducing the electric bikes to Jacksonville as a wayto bringnew life into downtown.And shes aware oftheconcerns.Cumber said,people can have fun,but bothdrivers and riders are responsible for paying attentionwhile on the road.And never assume the driver is goingto stop or see you.

　　Q5:What do we learn from the news report about theintroduction of electricbikes into Jacksonville?

　　Q6:What are electric bike riderssupposed todo?

　　Q7:Why did City Council member Anna Cumberadvocate th introduction of electric bikes intoJacksonville?

　　Passage 1

　　I met three different people today,and each time,when l asked,how are you,thereply was exactly thesame.Im busy.Honestly,Ihearthe same answer from the vast majority of people I meet.So I started tothink,guess what?Everybodys busy.Im busy.Yourebusy.Everybodys busy.So you being busy doesntmakeme sympathetic atall,because busy is the state of the world.

　　So Imlaunching acampaign to stop people complaining aboutbeing busy.It may sound harsh,but thetruth is,nobody cares.Ina busy world,being busy doesnt stand out,nor does it meanproductive,creative,accomplished,or professional.SteveMaraboli once said,When someone tells you they are too busy,its not a reflectionoftheir schedule,its a reflection of yourspoton their schedule.

　　Donna Lynn Hope has also remarked,Busy doesnt mean better.I have neverenvied a busyperson.The one who likesto point outtheir busylivesto others.The reality is,nobodys too busy.Itsjust aboutpriorities.So the next time someoneasksyou how you

　　are,maybe respond differently.In my experience,the Im busyresponse is really coveringup the fact that theyre not actuallyaccomplishing their real purpose,and being busy is the lie theytell themselves about why they cant achieve it.

　　Q16:Whyis the speaker launchinga campaign?

　　Q17:What does thespeaker advise us to donext time someoneasksus howwe are?

　　Q18:Why do many people make theIm busy response,according to the speaker?

　　Passage2

　　After all,if you can jump out of a plane or off a bridge,thenyou can face anything else easily.When doing extremesports,you have to become more focused.Youll be pushedto your limits,and ifyou arent focused,youll makedangerous mistakes.Learning to be thisfocused when

　　enjoying extreme sportswill help you to be focused at work,keeping you more productive and ultimately moresuccessful.

　　Its greatto stay fit and healthy,but standard exercise

　　routines and sports only work the same muscles repeatedly.With extreme sports,youll be working entirely differentmuscles.And that means you get an all over workout.Extreme sports also burn a lot more calories than other

　　sports.Skateboarding,for example,can burn as many as 500calories per hour.Basketball burns around 300 in the sametime.

　　When you find that you can overcome the physical or mentalchallenges involved in extremesports,youll feel

　　superhuman and your selfconfidence will beat an all timehigh.

　　Q19:What may sound strange to say aboutextreme sports?

　　Q20:Why should one be highly focused when doingextremesports?

　　Q21:How can extreme sports benefitus more than standardexercise routines and sports?

　　Passage 3

　　Most ofus have been in teams or organizations where weve hadconflict with the people that were working with around the ideasor decisions that werediscussing.Conflict is natural.We all bringdifferent life and work experiences to the table.We all havedifferent personality preferences and tendencies.

　　Were notall going to have the same ideas on how to approachpolicies,programs,or problems.Buttoo often,we get caught inthis placewhere conflict isperceived to be negative.Something wewant to avoid,sothat we can maintain the harmony of ourworkplace.This could be because somepeoplewant to avoidconflict at all costs.

　　Afterall,they still have to work together.But this kind ofartificialharmony isnt the answer.Productiveconflict is a vital part ofteams and organizations that wantto push forward and do more.Without conflict,were often stuck in this artificial harmonywherepeople dont expresspotentiallyinnovative ideasforfear that theymay startconflict with others.

　　But ifyoure in aplace where you have a basis of trust,conflict canbe extremely productive.Itcan lead to increased innovation andgreatertrust on teams.It may be an uncomfortable process,butgood leaders and healthy teams recognize that productive andhealthy conflict is an important part of howtheyfunction.

　　Q22:What doesthe passage say about conflict in organizations?

　　Q23:Why do some people want to avoid conflict at all costs?

　　Q24:Why is productiveconflict importantforteams andorganizations?

　　Q25:What does productive conflict need as a basis?

　　6月英語四級真題第二套 3

　　Part I Writing (30 minutes)

　　Directions: Suppose the student union of your university is organizing an online discussion on interpersonal relationships. You are to write an essay on ways to maintain a warm and friendly relationship with your classmates and on the benefits of such a relationship. You will have 30 minutes for the task. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

　　Part I Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)

　　Section A

　　Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

　　Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.

　　1.A) A man was bitten by a snake.

　　B) A man was taken to a hospital.

　　C) A man kept a 4-foot snake as a pet.

　　D) A man fell off his toilet seat.

　　2. A) Where the snake had been taken.

　　B) Whether the snake was infected.

　　C) How the snake was captured.

　　D) Who owned the snake.

　　Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.

　　3. A) Taking her trash out in fancy dresses.

　　B) Amusing herself by going to ball parties.

　　C) Sharing her photos with famous movie stars.

　　D) Posting her daughter’s photos on social media.

　　4. A) To make herself popular.

　　B) To amuse people.

　　C) To please her daughter.

　　D) To record her achievements.

　　Questions 5 and 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.

　　5.A) Eat as much as they want for $10.

　　B) Have a chance of winning a $100 prize.

　　C) Have a meal even if they have no money.

　　D) Get a free meal after answering some questions.

　　6. A) It was brought up by two staffers.

　　B) It helped to popularize her restaurant.

　　C) It originated from a donation to her staff.

　　D) It was suggested by some of her customers.

　　7. A) Fifty customers have offered donations.

　　B) More people have been giving than taking.

　　C) Many people have come to eat at the restaurant.

　　D) Most staffers have received messages of kindness.

　　Section B

　　Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

　　Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　8. A) He is a psychologist.

　　B) He is a famous writer.

　　C) He is a host for a TV program.

　　D) He is a primary school teacher

　　9. A) Why social media accounts vanish without a trace.

　　B) Why parents raise their children in different ways.

　　C) Why people fail to respond to emails promptly.

　　D) Why friends break off contact all of a sudden.

　　10. A) They simply shut themselves down.

　　B) They avoid showing their emotions.

　　C) They scream to get their parents back.

　　D) They attempt to ignore the whole situation.

　　11. A) They may regard any difference as the end of a relationship.

　　B) They are on better terms with friends and romantic partners.

　　C) They try to express their feelings and thoughts effectively.

　　D) They attach more value to their relationships with others.

　　Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　12. A) Their price.

　　B) Their color.

　　C) Their quality.

　　D) Their design.

　　13. A) Jeans are a typical American garment.

　　B) America makes the best-known brands of jeans.

　　C) America has the best weaving tools in the world.

　　D) Jeans are available in a greater variety in America.

　　14. A) They are artificial.

　　B) They are natural.

　　C) They are unique.

　　D) They are special.

　　15. A) They are for casual wearing.

　　B) They are popular with boys.

　　C) They are much too pricey.

　　D) They are worth the price.

　　Section C

　　Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centre.

　　Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　16. A) He desires more in life.

　　B) He wants to see it again.

　　C) He feels as inspired as other audience members.

　　D) He longs to become a superstar himself.

　　17. A) It is rather unrealistic.

　　B) It is extremely artistic.

　　C) It is somewhat complicated.

　　D) It is relatively predictable.

　　18. A) They are biased against women.

　　B) They are basically misleading.

　　C) They are full of shootings.

　　D) They are too simple.

　　Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　19. A) It can highlight leadership.

　　B) It can help connect people.

　　C) It is a means to inspire creative thinking.

　　D) It is an intuitive way to solidify friendship.

　　20. A) Allow them to recite data points.

　　B) Make them more open to learning.

　　C) Enable them to remember the main idea.

　　D) Stimulate them to engage in discussions.

　　21. A) Inspire listeners’ imagination.

　　B) Enrich their own experience.

　　C) Convey fundamental values.

　　D) Explain insightful ideas.

　　Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

　　22. A) Immigrants outnumber U.S.-born Americans.

　　B) Immigrants have been contributing to the U.S.

　　C) Another wave of immigrants is hitting the U.S.

　　D) The number of immigrants to the U.S. is declining.

　　23. A) More of them expect their children to succeed in business.

　　B) They have fewer chances to be hired by U.S. companies.

　　C) They have founded most Fortune 500 companies.

　　D) More of them are successful business people.

　　24. A) They have higher installment loan debt than native-born Americans.

　　B)Nineteen percent of them borrow money from friends and family.

　　C) Their level of debt is lower than that of native-born Americans.

　　D) Thirty-four percent of them use credit for their daily purchases.

　　25. A) Keep their traditional values and old habits.

　　B) Find employment in competitive businesses.

　　C) Borrow money from financial institutions.

　　D) Collaborate with native-born Americans.

　　Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

　　Section A

　　Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

　　Morocco is responding to increasing energy demands by setting up one of the largest solar plants in the world.

　　The Noor solar power station is 26_________ in the city of Ouarzazate and, once completed, will generate 580 million watts of electricity. The World Bank estimates it will serve 1.1 million people. It’s 27_________ to be completed soon.

　　Morocco’s current energy comes 28_________ from imports. The nation hopes to get 50 percent of its energy from renewable sources by 2030. With demand for energy 29_________ at an annual rate of 7 percent, the new solar plant could be a 30_________ part of that goal.

　　“This makes Morocco a big 31_________ in the field of solar energy in the Arab region and the African continent. It could also be a forerunner for many other countries in the world that 32_________ on foreign imports of energy,” said Ali Hajji, a solar energy specialist and engineering professor.

　　Experts believe that the Middle East and North Africa have huge 33_________ for solar energy projects. This is partly because of adequate sunlight and partly because technology has become more 34_________ in the region.

　　“The last few years have seen a realization of 35_________ how competitive solar technologies can be,” said Michael Taylor, a senior analyst at the International Renewable Energy Agency.

　　A)affordable B) ancestor C) crucial D) depend

　　F)initial F) insist G) just H) located

　　I)mostly J) operating K) perhaps L) pioneer

　　M)potential N) rising O) scheduled

　　Section B

　　Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

　　New Formula One Chief Hopes to Grab Americans’ Attention

　　A) For the past four decades, the leader of Formula One car racing, one of the biggest annual sporting series in the world, was Bernie Ecclestone, a former motorcycle parts dealer who built it into an international presence essentially on his own.

　　B) A skilled backroom operator who speaks without a filter, Ecclestone said often that in his opinion, the sport was at its best when he was allowed to act as “a dictator."

　　C) Yet now the dictator is gone. After an American company, Liberty Media, acquired the Formula One competition recently, Chase Carey--a former executive with Fox Broadcasting Company and DirecTV who by his own admission is not a fierce racing fan-- was named to replace Ecclestone and to try to renovate the organization’s management, reach and ambition.

　　D) Among the goals, Carey said in an interview on Tuesday, is one that just about every global sport seems interested in chasing: increasing interest in the United States. “People have said were going to ‘Americanize’ it,” Carey said. “And we’re not going to do that tall. But realistically, there are some elements of Americanization that the sport could use.”

　　E) While Formula One commands enormous audiences throughout much of the world, many American sports fans know it as that other motorsport, the one that is not Nascar (納斯卡車賽). Formula One teams race far more technologically advanced vehicles around tracks all over the world-- in magnificent events in places like Malaysia, Monaco, Singapore and the United Arab Emirates, and on tradition-rich tracks like Silverstone in England and Monza in Italy too.

　　F) The series has an annual race in Austin, Texas. But within “a few years,” Carey said, he plans to bring another to a destination American city, like New York, Los Angeles, Miami or Las Vegas. Carey’s ambitious plan is two-fold: first, change the business model of Formula One, which he said was a “one-man show” under Ecclestone that had a largely narrow vision when it came to negotiating partnership deals; and second, alter the way fans experience the sport, both in person and remotely, so that connections between the audience and people within the series are easier to make.

　　G) Increased digital access for fans, a more behind-the-scenes experience for broadcast viewers and innovation in areas like virtual reality--what is it like to speed around a track inside a Ferrari?-- are among the possibilities. “The sport has clearly been underserved,” Carey said.“It doesn’t do anything digitally. There’s no marketing. It doesn’t tell any stories. The goal in this is to make the fans connect to the live experience as much as possible, and the tools you have to do that, we’re not using at all.”

　　H) The larger question, though, is a familiar one: Is there room for Formula One in the ever-crowded sports landscape of the United States? Opinions vary, particularly because viewing habits among consumers continue to evolve. John Bloom, a professor at Shippensburg University who has studied American sports history, said the biggest challenge for any sport trying to increase its presence in the United States was framing itself in a way that had lasting appeal. “Sports generally become popular in some way because they establish a narrative,” Bloom said. “When I think of motorsports in the U.S, what we all think of is Nascar, and the narrative of Nascar is sort of rural, white, working-class Americans, mostly in the South, connecting with the atmosphere of those races. Thats the narrative. When I think of the narrative of Formula One, it’s a very different kind of audience.”

　　I) That difference, Carey said, is significant. While some might immediately link Formula One to Nascar in terms of American growth, Carey said Formula One’s brand research had indicated there was very little crossover; rather, Formula One fans generally cite other so-called elite events, like Wimbledon or the Ryder Cup, as competitions they enjoy. “Other than they’re both cars, the Nascar fan base is a very different fan base,” Carey said. “It’s a very regional fan base. Formula One is a global, famous brand of stars. These are machines that shock and awe you.”

　　J) Carey’s background is in deal making and innovation. At Fox Broadcasting Company, he was a top advisor for years, known for his skill in helping to lead the launch of the company into sports, as well as the start of Fox News Channel. After going to DirecTV, he positioned the satellite provider as a mainstream option in millions of households.

　　K) Now, after Liberty Media paid $ 4.4 billion to acquire Formula One, he is charged with making the investment pay off. “I think they can build Formula One in the U.S.,” said Patrick Crakes, an

　　executive at InVivo Media Group who spent 25 years at Fox Broadcasting Company before leaving in 2016 as a senior manager at Fox Sports.“People dont work on their cars anymore. They don’t want that connection anymore. Its about technology and pushing the limits. It’s about speed, danger and risk. And Formula One has that more than any other racing series.”

　　L) That is what hooked Carey, and he said he thought his experience was not unusual. He recalled

　　attending Formula One’s Monaco race last year and being overwhelmed by the ceremony leading up to the event, the way the race charmed the city for days ahead of the start. In his mind, it felt like a Super Bowl (超級碗橄欖球賽).

　　M) Then, on race day, he watched as the cars rocketed out of a tunnel and went screaming toward a tight turn with the city’s harbor and the Mediterranean Sea in the background framing the scene. He was fascinated. “You can’t help but be awed,” he said, “and I think that feeling can be translated to the viewer.”

　　N) He added: “The broader sport is a little too inward-looking, and we need to be more open. In someways, I’m glad to be coming from the outside. The guys who are in the sport forever are sitting there saying: ‘We can’t do that. We can’t do that because it’s never been done that way.’”

　　36. Chase Carey believes greater use should be made of digital technology to make Formula One more accessible to its fans.

　　37. Chase Carey was deeply impressed by the ceremony preceding last year’s Monaco race.

　　38. One of Chase Carey’s goals is to make Formula One more appealing to Americans.

　　39. A former motorbike parts dealer led Formula One for the past forty years.

　　40. Chase Carey thought the audience of Formula One could be made to share his feeling about the race.

　　41. Chase Carey used to serve as a top advisor for a major broadcasting company.

　　42. Chase Carey intends to make connections easier between the audience and the Formula One racers.

　　43. The new leader of Formula One admitted he was not super interested in car racing.

　　44. People’s opinions differ as to whether Formula One can be promoted in the U.S.

　　45. Compared with other racing series, Formula One focuses more on speed and involves more danger.

　　Section C

　　Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

　　Passage One

　　Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

　　Supermarkets have long been suffering as one of the thinnest-margined businesses in existence and one of the least-looked-forward-to places to work or visit. For more than a decade, they have been under attack from e-commerce giants, blamed for making Americans fat, and accused of contributing to climate change.

　　Supermarkets can technically be defined as giants housing 15,000 to 60,000 different products. The revolutionary idea of a self-service grocery, where people could hunt and gather food from aisles rather than asking a clerk to fetch items from behind a counter, first came about in America. There is some debate about which was the very first, but over the years a consensus has built around King Kullen Supermarket, founded in New York in 1930.

　　For some 300 years, Americans had fed themselves from small stores and public markets. Shopping for food involved mud, noisy chickens, clouds of flies, nasty smells, bargaining, and getting short-changed. The supermarket imitated the Fordist factory, with its emphasis on efficiency and standardization, and reimagined it as a place to buy food. Supermarkets may not feel cutting-edge now, but they were a revolution in distribution at the time. They were such strange marvels that, on her first official state visit to the United States in 1957, Queen Elizabeth II insisted on an impromptu (即興的) tour of a suburban-Maryland Giant Food.

　　The typical supermarket layout has barely changed over the past 90 years. Most stores open with flowers, fruit and vegetables at the front as a breath of freshness to arouse our appetite. Meanwhile, they keep the milk, eggs, and other daily basics all the way back so you’ll travel through as much of the store as possible, and be tempted along the way.

　　In the early days, as the supermarket multiplied, so did our suspicion of it. We have long feared that this “revolution in distribution” uses corporate black magic on our appetite. The book The Hidden Persuaders, published in 1957, warned that supermarkets were putting women in a “hypnoidal trance (催眠恍惚狀態(tài)),” causing them to wander aisles bumping into boxes and “picking things off shelves at random.”

　　46. What problem have supermarkets been facing?

　　A) They are actually on the way to bankruptcy.

　　B) They have been losing customers and profits.

　　C) They are forced to use e commerce strategies.

　　D) They have difficulty adapting to climate change.

　　47. What does the passage say about the idea of a self-service grocery?

　　A) It was put forward by King Kullen.

　　B) It originated in the United States.

　　C) It has been under constant debate.

　　D) It proves revolutionary even today.

　　48. What did supermarkets do by adopting the Fordist factory approach?

　　A) They modernized traditional groceries in many ways.

　　B) They introduced cutting-edge layout of their stores.

　　C) They improved the quality of the food they sold.

　　D) They revolutionized the distribution of goods.

　　49. What is the typical supermarket layout intended to do?

　　A) Arouse customers’ appetite to buy flowers, fruit and vegetables.

　　B) Provide customers easy access to items they want to buy.

　　C) Induce customers to make more unplanned purchases.

　　D) Enable customers to have a more enjoyable shopping experience.

　　50. What have people long feared about supermarkets?

　　A) They use tricky strategies to promote their business.

　　B) They are going to replace the local groceries entirely.

　　C) They apply corporate black magic to the goods on display.

　　D) They take advantage of the weaknesses of women shoppers.

　　Passage Two

　　Questions 51 to 55 arebased on the following passage.

　　The traditional school year, with three months of vacation every summer, was first implemented when America was an agricultural society and the summer months were needed for farm work. Since then, we’ve completely changed as a nation. Students no longer spend summers farming, but they aren’t in school, either. The average American student receives 13 weeks off from school each calendar year--with about 11 of those during the summer. Few other countries have more than seven weeks off in a school calendar.

　　With the U.S. lagging behind other countries in academics, it’s time to consider year-round schooling. One benefit of this change is that students will not fall victim to the “summer slide”, or the well-documented phenomenon where students forget some of the knowledge they have acquired when too much time is taken off from school. Decades of research shows that it can take from 8 to 13 weeks at the beginning of every school year for students to get back to where they were before the summer holiday.

　　But year-round schooling isn’t just about academics. Teachers and students experience a closer relationship in year-round schools than they do in traditional schools and, in the absence of any long-term break, students do not feel detached from the school environment. These closer bonds and greater attachment pay off. Research shows that students in year-round schools are more self-confident and feel more positive about their schooling experience.

　　But don’t kids need time to relax? Some childhood development experts believe that time off from school is vital to healthy development as kids are not designed to spend so much of their time inside classrooms and the summer break provides a perfect opportunity to get outside. The problem with this argument is that most children aren’t playing outside or even spending time with other kids. While some children visit summer camps, most stay at home, watching TV or playing games on electronic devices, which hardly benefits them.

　　The U.S. has changed from a farming economy to a knowledge- and innovation-based economy, so it makes sense for the school year to change as well.

　　51. Why did America’s traditional school year have a three month summer vacation?

　　A) Students needed to help with farm work.

　　B) Students needed time to learn necessary farming skills.

　　C) The agricultural society then attached less importance to academics.

　　D) America lagged behind other countries in making a scientific school calendar.

　　52. What benefit will year-round schooling bring students in addition to improving their learning?

　　A) It will help them get back to where their lessons started.

　　B) It will enable them to absorb what they have learned.

　　C) It will familiarize them with the school environment.

　　D) It will strengthen their relationship with teachers.

　　53. What do some childhood development experts believe about the long summer vacation?