英語寫作技巧
把英語句子寫活的10種方法
學(xué)生寫作時，如果僅局限在把內(nèi)容交代清楚的水準(zhǔn)上，只選用一些普通的、直截了當(dāng)?shù)脑~，或一律使用簡單句平鋪直敘，那么，這樣寫出來的文章就會像一碗白開水，呆板、單調(diào)，沒有可讀性。要使文章耐人尋味，有深度，同學(xué)們就應(yīng)嘗試使用一些高級詞匯或句型，以凸顯文章的亮點，使文章增添文采，給讀者(尤其是閱卷老師留下深刻印象)。具體說來，同學(xué)們可嘗試以下方法：
1. 靈活改變句子開頭
在通常情況下，英語句子的排列方式為“主語+謂語+賓語”，即主語位于句子開頭。但若根據(jù)情況適當(dāng)改變句子的開頭方式，比如使用倒?fàn)钫Z或以狀語開頭等，會使文章增強表現(xiàn)力。如：
(1) There stands an old temple at the top of the hill.
→ At the top of the hill there stands an old temple.
在小山頂上有一座古廟。
(2) You can do it well only in this way.
→ Only in this way can you do it well.
只有這樣你才能把它做好。
(3) A young woman sat by the window.
→ By the window sat a young woman.
窗戶邊坐著一個年輕婦女。
2. 避免重復(fù)使用同一詞語
為了使表達(dá)更生動，更富表現(xiàn)力，同學(xué)們在寫作時應(yīng)盡量避免重復(fù)使用同一詞語來表示同一意思，尤其是一些老生常談的詞語。如有的同學(xué)一看到“喜歡”二字，就會立刻想起like，事實上，英語中表示類似意思的詞和短語很多，如 love, enjoy, prefer, appreciate, be fond of, care for等。如：
I like reading while my brother likes watching television.
→ I like reading while my brother enjoys watching television.
我喜歡看書，而我的兄弟卻喜歡看電視。
3. 合理使用省略句
合理恰當(dāng)?shù)厥褂檬÷跃�，不僅可以使文章精練、簡潔，而且會使文章更具文采和可讀性。如：
(1) He may be busy. If he’s busy, I’ll call later. If he is not busy, can I see him now?
→ He may be busy. If so, I’ll call later. If not, can I see him now?
他可能很忙，要是這樣，我以后再來拜訪。要是不忙，我現(xiàn)在可以見他嗎?
(2) If the weather is fine, we’ll go. If it is not fine, we’ll not go.
→ If the weather is fine, we’ll go. If not, not.
如果天氣好，我們就去;如果天氣不好，我們就不去了。
(3) She could have applied for that job, but she didn’t do so.
→ She could have applied for that job, but she didn’t.
她本可申請這份工作的，但她沒有。
4. 適當(dāng)運用非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)
非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)通常被認(rèn)為是一種高級結(jié)構(gòu)，適當(dāng)運用非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)，會給人一種熟練駕馭語言的印象。如：
(1) When he heard the news, they all jumped for joy.
→ Hearing the news, they all jumped for joy.
聽了這消息他們都高興得跳了起來。
(2) As I didn’t know her address, I wasn’t able to get in touch with her.
→ Not knowing her address, I wasn’t able to get in touch with her.
由于不知道她的地址，我沒法和她聯(lián)系。
(3) As he was born into a peasant family, he had only two years of schooling.
→ Born into a peasant family, he had only two years of schooling.
他出生農(nóng)民家庭，只上過兩年學(xué)。
5. 結(jié)合使用長句與短句
在英語寫作中，過多地使用長句或過多地使用短句都不好。正確的做法是，根據(jù)實際情況在文章中交替使用長句與短語，使文章顯得錯落有致，這樣不僅使文章在形式上增加美感，而且使文章讀起來鏗鏘有力。如：
At noon we had a picnic lunch in the sunshine. Then we had a short rest. Then we began to play happily. We sang and danced. Some told stories. Some played chess.
→ At noon we had a picnic lunch in the sunshine. After a short rest, we had great fun singing and dancing, telling jokes and playing chess.
中午我們曬著太陽吃野餐。休息一會兒后，我們唱的唱歌，跳的跳舞，還有的.講笑話、下棋，大家玩得很開心。
6. 適當(dāng)使用短語代替單詞。
(1) He has decided to be a teacher when he grows up.
→ He has made up his mind to be a teacher when he grows up.
他已決定長大了當(dāng)老師。
(2) He doesn't like music.
→ He doesn't care much for music.
他不大喜歡音樂。
(3) He told me that the question was now under discussion.
→ He told me that the question was now being discussed.
他告訴我問題現(xiàn)正正在討論中。
7. 恰當(dāng)套用某些固定表達(dá)。
(1) He was very tired. He couldn’t walk any farther.
→ He was too tired to walk any farther.
他太累了，不能再往前走了。
(2) The film was very interesting. Both the teachers and the students liked it.
→ The film was so interesting that both the teachers and the students liked it.
這電影很有趣，學(xué)生和老師都很喜歡。
(3) Your son is old. He can look after himself now.
→ Your son is old enough to look after himself now.
你的兒子已經(jīng)長大，可以自己照顧自己了。
8. 盡量使句子帶點“洋味”
(1) Don't worry. Be bold and try it, and you'll learn it soon.
→Don't worry. Just go for it, and you'll get it soon.
別擔(dān)心，大膽試一試，你很快就會學(xué)會的。
(2) Thank you for playing with us.
→Thank you for sharing the time with us.
謝謝你陪我玩。
9. 綜合使用各類所謂的“高級”結(jié)構(gòu)。
(1) Now everyone knows the news. I think Jim must have let it out.
→ Now everyone knows the news. I think it must have been Jim who has let it out.
現(xiàn)在人人都知道這消息了，我想一定是吉姆把它泄露出去的。
(2) We had to stand there to catch the offender.
→ What we had to do was (to) stand there, trying to catch the offender.
我們所能做的只是站在那兒，設(shè)法抓住違章者。
(3) If her pronunciation is not better than her teacher’s, it is at least as good as her teacher’s.
→ Her pronunciation is as good as, if not better than, her teacher’s.
如果她的語音不比她的老師好的話，至少也不會比她老師的差。
10. 適當(dāng)使用名言警句點綴
在寫作時根據(jù)實際情況恰當(dāng)?shù)赜蒙弦粌删涿跃鋪睃c綴文章，不僅使文章顯得有深度、有智慧，而且會讓文章在評分中上一個“得分檔次”。如：
(1) As the proverb says, “Where there is a will, there is a way.” Though you fail this time, you needn’t lose heart. As long as you work hard and stick to your dream, you will succeed one day.
(2) There is a proverb goes like this “Life isn’t a bed of roses.” It is ture that it is likely for everyone to meet problems and difficulties in life.
(3) In the modern world, more and more people live alone, which is not so good for our life. It is better for us to make more friends and enjoy friendship. Just as a proverb says, “A near friend is better than a far-dwelling kinsman.”
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