2015英語(yǔ)六級(jí)翻譯模擬題（3）
一、燈謎
燈謎(1antern riddles)是指寫(xiě)在彩燈上面的謎語(yǔ)。燈謎是中華民族一門(mén)傳統(tǒng)的綜合性藝術(shù)，是我國(guó)勞動(dòng)人民智慧的結(jié)晶。猜燈謎是元宵節(jié)的一項(xiàng)娛樂(lè)活動(dòng)。燈籠的主人把謎面寫(xiě)在紙條上，然后把紙條貼在燈籠上。如果有人猜到了謎底，就可以將紙條取下來(lái)，到燈籠主人那里去對(duì)謎底，如果猜對(duì)了謎底，就可以得到小禮物。設(shè)置燈謎和猜謎底可以遵循許多不同的方法。猜燈謎出現(xiàn)于宋朝(the Song Dynasty)，到了明清時(shí)代(the Ming andQing Dynasties)，該活動(dòng)在民間變得非常流行。
參考譯文：
Lantern riddles are fiddles written on the lanterns, which are a traditional and comprehensive art of the Chinese nation and reflect the wisdom of the working people.
Working out lantern riddles is a recreational activity of the Lantern Festival. Lantern owners write fiddles on a few pieces of paper and paste them on the lanterns. If people have solutions to the fiddles, they can take the paper off and go to the lantern owners to check their answers. If they are fight, they will get small gifts. There are various ways to set and work out the fiddles.
The activity emerged in the Song Dynasty and became very popular among the people in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
二、指南針
在中國(guó)悠久的歷史長(zhǎng)河中，出現(xiàn)了一些極其重要的'發(fā)明，指南針(compass)是其中最重要的發(fā)明之一。根據(jù)古書(shū)記載，遠(yuǎn)古的人們?cè)谏a(chǎn)和斗爭(zhēng)中利用天然磁體來(lái)指示方向。在戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)期(the Warring States Period)出現(xiàn)了最早的指南針——司南[sinan(a south.pointingladle)]。司南由刻有24個(gè)方位的“地盤(pán)(brass plate)”和一個(gè)由整塊天然磁石制成的“(1adle)”兩部分組成。到宋朝，沈括在《夢(mèng)溪筆談》(Dream Pool Essays)中對(duì)水浮式(floating)指南針作了介紹。這使得指南針能夠首次應(yīng)用于航海。指南針的發(fā)明促進(jìn)了航海業(yè)的發(fā)展，不久經(jīng)阿拉伯傳入歐洲。
參考譯文：
China's long history has witnessed some extremely important inventions, among which the compass is one of them. According to ancient records, people in remote antiquity employed natural magnet as direction-finding device in their production and struggle efforts. During the Warring States Period, there appeared the earliest form of compass---sinan (a south-pointing ladle), consisting of a brass plate on which 24 directions were careed and a ladle made from a single piece of natural magnet. In the Song Dynasty, Shen Kuo described in his book Dream Pool Essays the floating compass, which enabled the compass to be applied in navigation for the first time. The invention of the compass promoted the development of maritime undertakings, and it was soon introduced to Europe via Arab.
三、皮影戲
作為中國(guó)出現(xiàn)最早的戲曲形式之一，也是我國(guó)民間廣為流傳的傀儡戲(puppetplay)之一，皮影戲(shadow play)是一種用獸皮或紙板制成戲中的人物和道具(props)形象并借燈光照射這些形象而表演故事的戲曲形式。表演時(shí)藝人們?cè)诎咨徊己竺娌倏v戲曲人物，用當(dāng)?shù)亓餍械那{(diào)唱述故事，同時(shí)配以打擊樂(lè)器(percussion insmmaent)和弦樂(lè)，具有濃厚的鄉(xiāng)土氣息。中國(guó)的皮影藝術(shù)是我國(guó)民間工藝美術(shù)與戲曲結(jié)合而成的獨(dú)特藝術(shù)形式，是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)中不可或缺的一顆精巧的明珠。
參考譯文：
As one of the earliest opera forms and a sort of widespread puppet play in China, shadowplay is a kind of opera in which the characters and props are made of animal skins or paperboards and the story was performed by illuminating these images with the help of lamplight. While performing, the performers manipulate the characters behind the white curtain and tell the story by singing with the popular local melody to the rhythm of percussion instruments and string music, which is of strong rural favor. The Chinese shadow play, a unique art form combining the Chinese folk arts and crafts with opera, is an indispensable delicate pearl in Chinese traditional arts.
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