2018年6月六級閱讀理解完形填空模擬練習(xí)
According to a paper to be published in Psychological Science this has an interesting psychological effect. A group of researchers, led by Eugene Caruso of the University of Chicago, found that people judge the distance of events 1 , depending on whether they are in the past or future. The paper calls this the "Temporal Doppler Effect". In physics, the Doppler Effect describes the way that waves change frequency depending on whether their 2 is travelling towards or away from you. Mr. Caruso argues that something similar happens with people’s perception of time. Because future events are associated with diminishing distance, while those in the past are thought of as 3 , something happening in one month feels psychologically 4 than something that happened a month ago.
This idea was tested in a series of experiments. In one, researchers asked 323 5 and divided them into two groups. A week before Valentine’s day, members of the first were asked how they planned to celebrate it. A week after February 14th the second group reported how they had celebrated it. Both groups also had to describe how near the day felt on a 6 of one to seven. Those describing forthcoming plans-were more likely to report it as feeling "a short time from now", while those who had already 7 it tended to cluster at the "a long time from now" end of the scale. To account for the risk that recalling actual events requires different cognitive functions than imagining ones that have not yet happened, they also asked participants to 8 the distance of hypothetical events a month in the past or future. The asymmetry (不對稱) remained.
Mr. Caruso speculates that his research has 9 for psychological well-being. He suspects that people who do not show this bias-those who feel the past as being closer-might be more 10 to rumination( 沉思)or depression ,because they are more likely to dwell on past events.
A) advancing B) apparently C)available D)closer
E)differently F)evaluate G)experienced H)implications
I)prospect J)rate K)receding L)scale
M)source N)subject O)volunteers
參考答案及解析：
1.E) 空格所在賓語從句主謂賓完整，推測應(yīng)填入副詞。后文提到“依據(jù)它們是已經(jīng)歷過的還是沒發(fā)生的而有所不同”，因此differently“不同地”為答案。備選副詞中apparently“顯然地”與句意不符，故排除。
2.M) 空格位于人稱代詞所有格后，應(yīng)填入名詞作主語。根據(jù)后半句“向你走來還是遠(yuǎn)離你”可知，此處單詞應(yīng)與波形的運(yùn)動方式或發(fā)出點(diǎn)有關(guān)，因此source“來源”符合句意，故為答案。備選名詞中implications“暗示”、prospect“前景”、scale“等級”和volunteers“志愿者” 與句意不符，故均排除。
3.K) 空格在介詞as之后，推測應(yīng)填入動詞-ing形式或名詞�？崭袼诰錇樵驙钫Z從句，并有連接詞while表示兩種情況的對比，主句的大意是“一個月后要發(fā)生的`事情在心理上感覺比一個月前發(fā)生過的事情距離更近”�？崭裉巻卧~描述的是those in past，因此應(yīng)與“距離遠(yuǎn)”的意思相關(guān)。因此receding“(距離上)逐漸遠(yuǎn)離”為答案。備選-ing形式動詞中，advancing意為“前進(jìn)”，與文意不符，故排除。
4.D) 空格位于than前，可知應(yīng)填入形容詞比較級。前文說到，未來的事情與距離消失相關(guān)，過去的事情往往傾向于遠(yuǎn)離，即未來的事情我們會感覺近些，過去的事情我們感覺遠(yuǎn)些。closer“更近的”符合文意，故為答案。備選形容詞中，只有一個比較級，亦可直接選出答案。
5.O) 空格位于數(shù)字323之后，故應(yīng)填入復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。結(jié)合句意“研究者邀請了323名____，并把他們分成兩組�！笨芍瑅olunteers“志愿者”與文意相符，故為答案。在備選名詞中，另一個復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞implications“暗示”與文意不符，故排除;備選詞subject也可看作是名詞“受試者”，但不是復(fù)數(shù)形式，故排除。
6.L) 空格在不定冠詞a與介詞of之間，應(yīng)填入名詞。結(jié)合句意 “兩組都被要求按一至七的描述他們對情人節(jié)感覺的距離”可知，on a scale of“按……的等級”與文意相符，故L為答案。備選名詞中prospect“前景”和implications“暗示”均不符合句意，故排除。
7.G) 空格與前面的主動詞had構(gòu)成定語從句的謂語，推測應(yīng)填入過去分詞。前文提到那些描述未來計劃的人感覺時間短，后文應(yīng)表達(dá)的是那些描述已經(jīng)過去事件者的感覺，因此experienced“經(jīng)歷”符合句意，故為答案。其他備選動詞形式不符，可直接排除。
8.J) 空格在動詞不定式to后，應(yīng)填入動詞原形。前文提到了研究人員要求志愿者們給未來和已經(jīng)發(fā)生事情的遠(yuǎn)近感覺評1～7的等級，因此這里的意思應(yīng)是他們還要求參與者為想象中未來和過去事情的遠(yuǎn)近感覺評等級，故rate“評級”為答案。備選動詞中evaluate“評價”意思相近，但不如rate表意準(zhǔn)確，故排除。
9.H) 空格位于動詞has后，且后接for，應(yīng)填入能與for搭配的名詞，因此implications“暗示”為答案。
10. N) 空格位于謂語might be后，且前面有more修飾，后接不定式to，推測應(yīng)填入能與to搭配的形容詞原形。結(jié)合句意 “他懷疑那些沒有這種偏向性的人們，……可能更常——多思或沮喪的侵?jǐn)_”。be subject to“受……支配，常遭受”符合文意.故N為答案。備選形容詞中available不與to搭配，故排除。
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