英語(yǔ)六級(jí)閱讀理解自測(cè)題及答案
英語(yǔ)六級(jí)閱讀理解自測(cè)題及答案
篇一：
The Tree Of Language
A World with out Language
It may be that when the world was young, no one knew how to talk. People had to learn to speak just like babies do. When no one knew how to tell, how did anyone learn? That is a mystery that remains unsolved even today.
The Stories behind Words
LUNCH Lunch perhaps comes from an old Spanish word lonje , a slab of1 ham. We may get our word from a lump of bread, but whether lunch comes from ham or bread, it meant a hunk of something to eat.
ATLAS An Atlas is a strong man, and also a book of maps. The story of this word begins a long time ago in Greece. The ancient Greeks believed that their gods had once been a race of giants2 called Titans. The Titans fought with another group of gods called Olympians, and the Olympians won. Atlas was a Titan. He was punished for fighting be having to stand at the western end of the world, holding the sky on his head and hands, so that it would not fall on the world and smash everything.
After the ancient Greek religion died out, the idea of Atlas changed. From holding up the sky with his head and hands, he came to be thought of as holding the world on his shoulders. Mercator3, a map maker of the sixteenth century, used a picture of Atlas on the cover of a book of maps, so a book of maps came to be called an atlas.
The word has still another meaning. The top bone of the neck is called atlas because it supports the head.
GOOD-BYE or GOOD-BY Good-bye is a blessing; originally it was God be with ye, and in the course of time it became one word. Many of our greetings are good wishes, but we say them with so little thought that we forget this. When we say good morning, good evening, good night, and so on, what we are really saying is, “I hope you will have a good morning ( or evening, or night) . ”
DAISY The daisy has a little golden eye , like a tiny sun . Perhaps this is the reason the English people named it day’s eye, or perhaps they chose the name because the English daisy closes at night. The English loved their daisies, which were pink and red, as well as 028 white. Six hundred years or so ago, the English poet Chaucer4 said:
The daisy, or else the eye of the day, / / The queen, and prettiest flower of all.
閱讀自測(cè)
�、�. According to the passage , find the correct meanings of the words under lined :
1. With an atlas, Tom can find the place he wants to go easily.
A. a strong man B. the top bone of the neck C. a book of maps D. a name of god
2. When you say good-bye to your friend, what do you really mean?
A. never see him / her again B. a good wish to express that God be with him / her C. good luck D. break up with him / her
3. After a long vacation, he looks as fresh as a daisy like before.
A. look like the flower B. a kind of drink C. a first-class man D. vigorous and lively
�、�. Question :
After reading this passage, what can you infer from the stories of the words?
參考答案
Ⅰ. 1. C 2 . B 3 . D
�、�. ( 略)
參考譯文
語(yǔ)言趣話
沒(méi)有語(yǔ)言的世界 世界形成之初, 可能沒(méi)人知道怎么說(shuō)話。人們不得不像嬰兒一樣學(xué)著開(kāi)口講話。既然 無(wú)人知曉如何訴說(shuō), 人們又怎么學(xué)習(xí)呢? 這個(gè)謎團(tuán)至今尚待解決。
詞語(yǔ)背后的故事 Lunch ——— lunch ( 午餐) 可能來(lái)源于古西班牙語(yǔ)lonje 一詞, 意思是一塊火腿。也許這個(gè) 詞源指一塊面包。但是, 無(wú)論lunch 一詞源指火腿還是面包, 它的意思都是一塊可以吃的東西。
Atlas ——— Atlas ( 阿特拉斯) 既可以指身強(qiáng)體壯的人也可以指地圖冊(cè)。這個(gè)詞的故事起 源于很久以前的希臘。古希臘人相信他們信奉的神靈曾是被稱(chēng)為提坦的一種巨人。提坦 巨神與另一支號(hào)稱(chēng)奧林匹斯的神靈作戰(zhàn), 奧林匹斯神獲勝了。阿特拉斯是提坦巨神之一。 他被罰站在西天用頭和雙手支撐起蒼天, 不讓天塌下來(lái)砸碎萬(wàn)事萬(wàn)物。
古希臘宗教逐漸消失之后, atlas 的含義也改變了。阿特拉斯已經(jīng)從以前的用頭和雙手 支撐蒼天, 漸漸變成以肩頂天。16 世紀(jì)的地圖學(xué)家墨卡托, 在一本地圖冊(cè)的封面上使用了 阿特拉斯的圖像, 因此, 地圖冊(cè)就用atlas 表示。
Atlas 還有另一種意思。因?yàn)榈谝活i椎起到支撐頭部的作用, 所以它也叫atlas。
Goo d-bye ( 或Good -by) ———G ood-bye ( 再見(jiàn)) 是一種祝福, 原本的意思是God be with ye ( 上帝與你同在) 。隨著時(shí)間的推移, 它演變成了一個(gè)詞語(yǔ)。許多問(wèn)候語(yǔ)都是表達(dá)良好 祝愿的, 只是我們?cè)谒蛦?wèn)候的時(shí)候很少思考以致忘記了這一點(diǎn)。當(dāng)我們說(shuō)早上好, 晚上好, 晚安的時(shí)候, 我們真正要表達(dá)的是“ 我希望你早晨/ 傍晚/ 夜晚過(guò)得好�！�
Daisy ——— daisy ( 雛菊) 上有個(gè)小小的金色的眼狀的花心, 就像一顆小太陽(yáng)。也許這就 是英國(guó)人稱(chēng)其為“ 白晝的眼睛”的緣故, 或許他們?nèi)∵@個(gè)名字是因?yàn)橛?guó)雛菊的花瓣夜晚 是合攏的。英國(guó)人很喜歡雛菊, 雛菊有粉色的、紅色的、還有白色的。大約六百年前英國(guó)詩(shī) 人喬叟就寫(xiě)過(guò)這樣的詩(shī)句: 雛菊, 抑或是白晝的眼睛， 最美麗的百花之后。
篇二：
Campus Life
An Apple for the Teacher
American schoolchildren occasionally present anapple to the teacher. Obviously the custom containsan element of bribery 1 — you offer sweet fruit toauthority figures to “sweeten” 2 their disposition3. In school children's case, the apple is offered tomake their grades more favorable. Therefore, theapple has more or less acquired a corrosive4 reputation and maybe for this reason, in slangEnglish “to applepolish” means“to flatter or fawn” and an applepolisher is a flatterer.
But the custom might also be explained as a fair payment for the teacher's instruction. In theearly days of public education, school teachers were not always salaried. Often they would bepaid in goods and services, offered by either the school, or the pupils or the parents. . ..Therefore, the occasional gift of an apple for the teacher in today's classroom should be awelcome reminder of the era when education was one -to-one and when teaching meantenlightening the students rather than identifying their rankings.
Caps and Gowns
For students, the most exciting moment may be the graduation ceremony 5: parents, relativesand friends are invited to the ceremony; all the graduates are wearing black square flat capsand gowns. They all await the president to announce in the end,“Now, please move yourtassels from right to left. ”
The caps and gowns worn by high school and college graduates today are survivors of theeveryday dress worn by members of the academic community in medieval Europe. Themajority of scholars in the Middle Ages6 were churchmen, or soon to become so, and theirdress was often strictly regulated by the universities where they taught and studied. Thestandard clerical dress throughout Europe was the long black cope. The original preferencefor black was changed in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, as such colors as red, violetand purple came into fashion; but by the Renaissance black was back, as the color blacksymbolized simple and plain, or austere way of life in the sixteenth century. With fewexceptions, modern universities keep that ceremonial austerity.
The origin of the square flat cap, or mortarboard7 , is obscure, though it probably derives fromthe medieval biretta . Such a tufted square cap is considered the badge of the 024 mastership, and is later adopted by undergraduates and schoolboys. The term mortarboard does notappear in English until the 1850 s. The tassel that graduates transfer from one side to anotheras a signal of their elevation is an outgrowth of the medieval tuft. The tuft still appears onthe modern biretta, worn by bishops throughout the Church of Rome .
閱讀自測(cè)
Ⅰ. True o r false :
1. Nowadays, American pupils always offer an apple to the teacher in order to get a bettergrade.
2. In the early days of public education, schoolteachers were paid in money.
3. In America, the caps and gowns are only adopted by college graduates during graduationceremonies.
4. Before the Renaissance, the standard clerical dress was black.
5. The biretta was considered the mark of scholarship.
6. That the graduates move the tassel from one side to the other is a signal of elevation.
�、�. Questions :
1. According to the passage, when you say somebody is an apple polisher, what do you reallymean by saying that?
2. For students, when is the most exciting moment?
3. After graduation, which side should you put your tassel, right or left?
參考答案
�、�. 1. T 2. F 3 . F 4 . F 5. T 6. T
�、�. 1. It really means that he is flattering orfawning some figures.
2. For students, the most exciting moment is thegraduation ceremony, especially the moment whenthe president makes the announcement.
3. After graduation, the tassel should be put to theleft side.
參考譯文
校園記趣
獻(xiàn)給老師的蘋(píng)果
美國(guó)的學(xué)童經(jīng)常會(huì)送蘋(píng)果給老師。很明顯, 這個(gè)習(xí)慣做法有點(diǎn)的意味——— 給當(dāng)權(quán) 者一些甜頭來(lái)軟化他們的態(tài)度。對(duì)學(xué)童來(lái)說(shuō), 他們送老師蘋(píng)果只是為了得到更令人滿意的 成績(jī)。為此, 蘋(píng)果的榮譽(yù)多少受到些損害, 而且可能就是這個(gè)緣故, 英語(yǔ)俚語(yǔ)“to applepolish”的意思就是“ 阿諛?lè)畛? 溜須拍馬”, 而“ applepolisher”則指“ 馬屁精”。 這一習(xí)慣做法同樣可以看作是對(duì)老師授課的'一種合理報(bào)答。公立教育早期, 學(xué)校教師 并不總是拿薪水的。通常情況下, 他們得到的報(bào)酬是學(xué)校、學(xué)生或?qū)W生家長(zhǎng)提供的實(shí)物或服務(wù)。因此, 在今天的教室里時(shí)常出現(xiàn)的送老師蘋(píng)果的現(xiàn)象應(yīng)該算是對(duì)那個(gè)年代的一種 美好回憶。那時(shí)的教育是一對(duì)一式的, 而且那時(shí)的教學(xué)是為了使學(xué)生受到教育, 而不是為 了區(qū)分他們的社會(huì)地位。
學(xué)士帽與學(xué)士服
對(duì)學(xué)生而言, 最激動(dòng)人心的時(shí)刻莫過(guò)于畢業(yè)典禮。父母及親朋好友都被邀請(qǐng)來(lái)參加典 禮。所有的畢業(yè)生都頭戴黑色的方平帽, 身穿黑長(zhǎng)袍。他們等待著校長(zhǎng)在最后一刻宣布: “ 現(xiàn)在, 請(qǐng)將你的流蘇從右邊移到左邊�！� 今天的高中生和大學(xué)生戴的學(xué)士帽, 穿的學(xué)士服是由中世紀(jì)歐洲學(xué)院里學(xué)者們的日常 著裝演變而來(lái)的。中世紀(jì)時(shí), 大多數(shù)的學(xué)者要么是牧師, 要么將要成為牧師; 他們的著裝經(jīng) 常受到他們?nèi)谓袒驅(qū)W習(xí)的大學(xué)的嚴(yán)格控制。在整個(gè)歐洲, 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的牧師服都是黑色的長(zhǎng)袍。 13 和14 世紀(jì)的時(shí)候, 人們最初偏愛(ài)黑色的狀況得到了改變, 諸如紅色、紫羅蘭色和紫色這 樣的顏色開(kāi)始流行起來(lái)。但是到了文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期, 黑色又流行回來(lái), 因?yàn)楹谏砹撕?jiǎn)約 樸素和16 世紀(jì)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)目嘈薹绞健，F(xiàn)代大學(xué)都少有例外地保留了那種肅穆簡(jiǎn)樸的儀式。方平帽或者學(xué)士帽的起源不甚了了, 不過(guò)這很可能是從中世紀(jì)的法冠演變而來(lái)。這種 植絨的方帽被看作是學(xué)位的象征, 后來(lái)被大學(xué)本科生和高中生采用。學(xué)士帽這個(gè)術(shù)語(yǔ)直到 19 世紀(jì)50 年代才傳到英國(guó)。畢業(yè)生們將其從一邊移到另一邊, 作為一種晉級(jí)標(biāo)志的流蘇 其實(shí)是中世紀(jì)時(shí)的帽穗的派生�，F(xiàn)代羅馬教會(huì)的大主教們戴的法冠上仍保留著這種穗子。
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