英語六級閱讀理解習題及參考答案

　　英語六級閱讀理解習題及參考答案

　　篇一：

　　The Homosexual Family

　　Although many people do not think of homosexual relationships as resulting in a family, it has been estimated that about one of five gays and one of three lesbians enter a homosexual marriage. The marriage may or may not be established by a formal ceremony. One male couple , for example , after four months of cohabitation3, went to Mass4 and let the service be their private ceremony of commitment. They used the term marriage to describe their relationship. They bought matching rings and verbally agreed to be sexually faithful, to emotionally support each other, and to have equal say in such matters as finances.

　　Moreover, millions of gays and lesbians have had children. In many cases, the children were born when the individual was part of a heterosexual marriage . Subsequently, the individual openly acknowledged his or her homosexual preference. Some of these children are being raised in a homosexual family — two men, two women, or some other arrangement. For example, Nancy is a lesbian who is raising a daughter with two gay males, one of whom is the child’s father.

　　Homosexual couples have to work through the same problems as heterosexual couples. They face issues of household division of labor, power, sexual relationships, and money. In addition, like the interracial couple , they face problems arising from being in a socially stigmatized relationship. Gallup polls5 that asked the American public whether homosexual relations between consenting adults should be legal have found an increasing proportion from the mid-1970s to the late 1990s who said that they should not be legal. Homosexual families, then, must not only deal with the same issues as other families but also with a hostile environment and with some problems that are unique to6 the homosexual relationship .

　　閱讀自測

　�、�. Are these statements True or False according to the article ?

　　1. Like heterosexual marriage, homosexual marriage must go through a formal ceremony.

　　2. Most of the children of homosexuals are adopted from other places.

　　3. Homosexual couples just have to confront the same problems as heterosexual couples.

　　4. Homosexual couples have to overcome various problems and still have a long way to go .

　　5. From the mid-1970s, homosexual marriages are gradually accepted by our society.

　�、�. Choose the best answer to fill in the blanks :

　　1. The tax increases in ______to the amount you earn.

　　A. accordance B. proportion C. ratio D. scale

　　2. There are some matters ______ from the recent changes in the law.

　　A. raising B. happening C. arising D. rising

　　3. The father is not willing to consent ______ the marriage.

　　A. to B. from C. with D. in

　　參考答案

　　Ⅰ. 1. F 2. F 3 . F 4. T 5. F

　�、�. 1. B 2. C 3 . A

　　參考譯文

　　同性戀家庭

　　盡管許多人認為同性戀關系不能使兩個同性戀者組成一個家庭, 但據(jù)估計大約每五個男同性戀者中就有一個會與同性結婚, 而每三個女同性戀者中則會有一個與同性結婚。同性戀者的婚姻關系也許會通過正式的儀式得以確認, 也許根本就不通過正式儀式。比如說, 一對男同性戀者同居四個月以后, 會去教堂望彌撒, 他們將這種宗教活動作為互相托付終身的私人儀式。他們用結婚這個詞來描述他們之間的關系。他們還買了情侶戒指, 信誓旦旦在性關系上忠于對方, 感情方面互為支持, 而且表示在家庭財政等方面擁有平等的發(fā)言權。此外, 許許多多的男女同性戀者都有孩子。在許多情況下, 這些孩子是同性戀者在以前的異性戀婚姻中的結晶。后來, 這個同性戀者在公開場合里承認了他或她的同性戀傾向。一些孩子在同性戀家庭里得到撫養(yǎng)——— 家里或有兩個男人, 或有兩個女人, 抑或是其他某種家庭構成。舉例來說, 南希是一名女同性戀者, 她與兩個男同性戀者共同撫養(yǎng)了一個女兒, 這兩個男同性戀中有一個人就是這個孩子的生父。

　　同性戀伴侶和異性戀伴侶一樣要克服相同的困難。他們要面對家庭勞動分工、家庭權力、性關系和金錢等問題。另外, 像那些與不同種族的人結合的伴侶一樣, 同性戀伴侶還要面對因社會對同性戀關系的歧視所引發(fā)的其他問題。曾有一次蓋洛普民意測驗, 調(diào)查美國公眾對情投意合的.成年人之間的同性戀關系是否合法的觀點, 結果發(fā)現(xiàn)從20 世紀70 年代中期到90 年代末, 認為同性戀關系不合法的人數(shù)比例在不斷攀升。因此, 同性戀家庭不僅要應付與其他家庭相同的問題, 而且還要面對一個充滿敵意的社會環(huán)境, 并應付同性戀關系。

　　篇二：

　　Aging As Development

　　Human life is a process. A number of psychologistshave attempted to identify the particular tasks thatmust be accomplished at each stage ofdevelopment. Successful completion of tasks at onestage means that the individual normally proceeds tothe next stage and a few set of tasks. It is notalways recognized, however, that there are newtasks for the aged1 as well as for those who are younger. Aging, in other words, is a new stagein the developmental process of life.

　　What are the developmental tasks faced by the aged? Some tasks are similar to those of otherage groups, and some are peculiar to the elderly. In the nineteenth century, for instance, mostmen had no transition to retirement. Typically, a man worked until disability or death. Fewpeople had to deal with the "empty nest2" problem, since children either did not leave the familyhouse or returned there to live with their elderly parents.

　　Today, when an increasing number of people are living into their seventies and eighties, thereare at least five developmental tasks facing the elderly. First, the aged must come to termswith3 the physical limitations inherent in4 their stage of life. They will no longer be able toengage in certain activities as often or as successfully as they once could. Second, havingcome to terms with the limitations, the older person must redefine the scope of his or heractivities. Third, the older person must find new sources for satisfying his or her needs. Thismay be particularly acute at the time of retirement for those who hold to the work ethic.

　　A fourth task is to reassess the criteria for self-evaluation. Again, the loss of work is involved,for many Americans consider themselves worthwhile because they have a fulltime job. Thequestion the elderly person must face is "Am I a worthwhile person because of the kind ofindividual I am, because of the various qualities I possess, or am I worthwhile only as long asI can function in some kind of job?" A man who lost his job in advertising when he was sixty-one told the author that he could not find another job in his field. He has done some freelancework, but he still mourns the loss of his job. "I loved what I did, " he said, "and I resented beingthrown out on the scrap heap5. There are times when I think I'm just not worth anythinganymore. "

　　Finally, the aged face the task of finding ways to give meaning and purpose to their 021 lives.This task arises throughout the individual's life. Many elderly people find challenges, struggles,and gratifications just as they did in their earlier years.

　　閱讀自測

　　Complete the sentences with the proper forms of the words given in parentheses:

　　1. We are _____( gratification) to learn that you have won the scholarship.

　　2. Your work in office has not been very _____( product) .

　　3. Money will be paid half in advance and half on_____ ( complete ) .

　　4. All railroads have weight and height _____( limit) because of tunnels, bridges and so forth.

　　參考答案

　　1. gratified 2. productive 3. completion 4. limitations

　　參考譯文

　　衰老是個發(fā)展過程

　　人生是個過程。一些心理學者試圖找出人生每一階段必須完成的特定任務。圓滿地 完成一個階段的任務意味著這個人已順利進入下一個階段, 又要面對一些新的任務。然 而, 人們并不一定能意識到不僅年輕人有新任務, 而且老年人也有新的事情要做。換句話 說, 衰老是人生過程中一個新的階段。

　　那么老年人面對的發(fā)展任務是什么呢? 有些任務與其他年齡組的相似, 還有一些則是 老年人特有的。比如說, 19 世紀, 大多數(shù)人不會退休。那個時候的人常常會工作到做不動 甚至做到死。很少會有人面對“ 守空巢”的問題, 因為他們的孩子或者不離開父母家, 或者 離家后又回來跟年邁的父母同住。

　　今天, 步入耄耋之年的老人越來越多, 他們至少要面對五項生活任務。首先, 老年人必 須承認這個人生階段所帶來的身體上的限制。他們已不能像年輕時候那樣頻繁地參加某 些活動, 也不會如過去那般成功。第二, 承認身體上的局限之后, 老年人就必須重新界定自 己的活動范圍。第三, 老年人必須要找到能滿足自己需要的新的資源。對于那些恪守工作 道德的老年人來說, 這一點在他們退休的時候也許尤為重要。

　　第四個任務是要重新審視自我評價的標準。又要說到失去工作這個問題了, 因為許多 美國人之所以認為自己有價值, 是因為他們有一份全職工作。老年人必須面對的一個問題 是“ 我的價值在于我本身, 還是在于我身上有各種優(yōu)點, 還是僅僅在于我能在某份工作中起 022 到 一些作用? ”一位在61 歲的時候失去他在廣告業(yè)的工作的男士對本作者說, 他在廣告這 一行已經(jīng)找不到工作了。雖然他現(xiàn)在做一些自由撰稿的活兒, 但仍然為失去原來的工作而 悶悶不樂。“ 我熱愛我的工作, ”他說,“ 我討厭像扔垃圾一樣被炒掉。有時候我感覺自己 已沒有什么價值了�！�

　　最后, 老年人還要面對如何使他們的生活充滿意義和目的的任務。這個任務貫穿了人 的一生。許多老年人最終找到了各種挑戰(zhàn)、競爭和滿足感, 就像他們年輕的時候一樣。

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