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小升初英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練：介詞
【核心提示】介詞是英語(yǔ)中很活躍的詞，一般置于名詞之前。它常和名詞或名詞性詞語(yǔ)構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ)。同一個(gè)介詞常和不同的詞語(yǔ)搭配形成固定搭配，表示不同意義。
介詞的固定搭配
1)介詞和名詞的連用 2)動(dòng)詞和介詞的連用
at arrive at/in 到達(dá) at first 起初;開始 g et off 下車
at last 最后 help sb. With sth. 幫組某人做某事 at school 在上課，在上學(xué)
ask for 請(qǐng)求 at the moment 此刻 get up 起床 at home 在家;無拘束
laugh at 嘲笑 at present 現(xiàn)在 learn from 向……學(xué)習(xí)
at work 上班，在工作 look after 照顧 at the same time 同時(shí)
look for 尋找 think for 想到
on worry about 擔(dān)心 on duty 值日 listen to 聽
on holiday 度假 l ook at 看;注視 on time 準(zhǔn)時(shí) talk about 交談;談
on the left/right 在左/右邊 wait for 等候;等
on the radio 在廣播中 thank for 為……而感謝
on foot 步行 on sale 出售;降價(jià)出售 on TV 在電視上播放
be afraid of 害怕 on the phone 在電話中 be careful with 小心;關(guān)心
on the way 在路上 be interested in 對(duì)……感興趣 be good at 善于
in be proud of 感到自豪 in all 總體 be crazy about 酷愛
in class 在課堂上 be late for 干某事遲到 in English 用英語(yǔ)
in short 總之 in a hurry 匆忙地 by+交通工具
in the end 最后 by bus/train/plane/air/ship/bike/sea/land…
in bed 躺在床上 lots of/a lot of 許多，大量 in danger 在危險(xiǎn)中
at most 至多in fact 事實(shí)上 at least 至少 in time 及時(shí)地
at once 立刻;馬上 in a minute 立刻 in order to 為了
常用介詞的基本用法
at ①表示時(shí)間： I go to school at seven every day 我每天早上7點(diǎn)去上學(xué)。
�、诒硎驹谀骋痪唧w地點(diǎn)： He is standing at the bus stop 他站在公共汽車站。
�、郾硎緞�(dòng)作的方向、目標(biāo)： Let me have a look at the picture 讓我看看這幅圖。
�、苡糜谀承┕潭ù钆洌� at once 立刻、馬上 at last 最后
at the same time 同時(shí) at first 開始時(shí) not at all 一點(diǎn)也不
about ①表示大約時(shí)間： I's about six o'clock now. 現(xiàn)在大約6點(diǎn)鐘了。
�、诒硎镜攸c(diǎn);在…周圍 Everthing about me is so beautiful 我周圍的一切都那么美好。
③關(guān)于，對(duì)于： We are talking about the news. 我們正在談?wù)撔侣劇?/p>
after ①在……之后： After dinner I watch TV. 晚飯后我看電視。
�、谠�……后面： He came into the room after me. 他在我后面進(jìn)了房間。
behind ①在……之后： There is a bike behind the tree. 樹后有一輛自行車
�、诒�……晚，遲于： The train is behind time. 火車晚點(diǎn)了
by ①在……旁： He is sitting by the bed. 他正坐在床邊。
�、诘�……時(shí)候： We have learned three English songs by now.
到現(xiàn)在為止，我們已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了三首英文歌曲。
③以……方式： I go to school by bus. 我乘公共汽車去上學(xué)。
�、苡糜谀承┕潭ù钆洌� one by one 一個(gè)接一個(gè) by the way 順便說一句
for ①為，給，替： I'll make a card for my teacher. 我要給老師做張卡片。
�、谟捎冢� Thank you for helping me. 謝謝你幫我。
�、郾硎窘o(某人)用的： There is letter for you. 這兒有你一封信。
in ①在……里面： The pencil is in the desk. 鉛筆在課桌里。
�、谠谝欢螘r(shí)間里： We have four classes in the morning. 我們上午有四節(jié)課。
�、塾�，以： What's this in English? 這用英語(yǔ)怎么說?
�、茉谀骋荒攴�，季節(jié)，月份： in 2002, in spring, in January
�、荼硎緺顟B(tài)，服飾： Helen is in yellow. 海倫身穿黃色衣服。
⑥在……方面： He is weak in English. 他的英語(yǔ)不行。
�、哂糜谀承┕潭ù钆洌� in front of 在……前面 in the end 最后 in time 及時(shí)
like ①像……樣： He looks like his father. 他像他的父親。
�、谶@樣，那樣： Don't look at me like that. 別那樣看著我。
�、墼鯓樱� What's the weather like? 天氣怎樣。
near 靠近，在……附近： My bed is near the window. 我的床在窗戶旁。
of ①的(表示所屬關(guān)系)： This is a photo of my family. 這是一張我家的照片。
②……的(用于所有格)： He is a friend of mine. 他是我的一個(gè)朋友。
�、郾硎緮�(shù)量(與連詞連用)： One of us is from Beijing. 我們中有一個(gè)來自北京
�、芟氲�，談到： I often think of them. 我常常想到他們。
⑤用于某些固定搭配： of course 當(dāng)然 because of 因?yàn)�，由�?/p>
on ①在……上面： There are some apple on the tree. 樹上有些蘋果。
�、谠�(星期)天，在某天的上午(下午，晚上)：On Sunday在星期天 on Sunday morning 在星期天的上午 on March 8 在3月8日
③用于某些固定搭配： on duty 值日 on time 準(zhǔn)時(shí)
over ①在……正上方： There is a lamp over the table. 桌子上方有一盞燈。
②遍及，穿過： There is a bridge over the river. 有座橋橫跨那條河。
③超過，不止： She is a little over 2. 她兩歲多了。
to ①到，往，向： He walks to the window. 他走向窗戶。
�、诒硎緯r(shí)間、數(shù)量， 到……為止 Please count from ten to thirty. 請(qǐng)從10數(shù)到30.
③向，對(duì)，給： Happy New Year to you all. 大家新年好。
under What's under your desk? 你書桌底下是什么?
with ①和，寫： Could you go home with me? 你能和我一起回家嗎?
�、诒硎景殡S狀態(tài)，帶有： Who's that girl with glasses? 那位戴眼睛的女孩是誰(shuí)?
between ,among ,around
�、賐etween:在兩者之間 The school is between the bank and bookstore.
�、赼mong:在三者或者更多的之中There are some American students among us .
�、踑round:環(huán)繞，在…..的周圍，在……的四周
They arrived at a zoo with high mountains all around it .他們到達(dá)了四周有高山環(huán)繞的山\
in front of , There is a car in front of the house .房子前面有一輛小汽車。?
along ,across ,through
�、賏long:沿著 Go along Zhongshan Road and turn right at the second crossing .
沿著中山路走然后在第二個(gè)十這路口向右拐。
�、赼cross:橫過(平面物體)
③through:貫通，通過The students walked through the gate
口訣1:
年月周前要用in， 日子前面卻不行。 遇到幾號(hào)要用on，上午下午又是in。
要說某日上下午， 用on換in才能行。午夜黃昏用at， at用在時(shí)分前，
口訣2:
in在……里，out在……外，在旁邊的是beside，靠近的為by 。
on在……上， under在……下，above在上頭， below在底下。
口訣3:
�、僭�、午、晚要用in
in the morning 在早上 in the afternoon 在下午I n the evening 在晚上in the day 在白天
�、诶杳�、午、夜、點(diǎn)與分用at
at dawn, at daybreak 在黎明時(shí)候 at noon 在中午 at night 在夜間
at six o'clock 在6點(diǎn)鐘 at 7：30 在7點(diǎn)半
�、勰�、月、年月、季節(jié)、周用in。
in 1986 在1986年 in April 在四月 in December 1986 1986年12月
in spring 在春季 in summer 在夏季 in autumn 在秋季 in winter 在冬季
小處at大處in
介詞練習(xí)
1.___ the afternoon of May, we visited the old man. A. On B. At C. In
2.Many people work ___ the day and sleep ___ night. A. on ; at B. in ; in C. in ; at
3.He speaks Japanese best ____ the boy students. A. between B. with C. among
4.He left home ___ a cold winter evening. A. at B. on C. in
5.Shanghai is ____ the east of China. A. in B. on C. to
6.I really can’t agree ____ you. A. to B. on C. with
7.The shop won’t open ___ nine in the morning. A. until B. at C. during
8.How about ___ the flowers now? A. watering B. are watering C. watered
9.She spent all his money ___ books. A. in B. with C. on
10.What will you have ___ breakfast this morning? A. with B. for C. by
11.A plane is flying ____ the city. A. on B. over C. above
12.Mr. Green will stay in China___ Friday. A. to B. on C. till
13.It’s wrong to play jokes ___ other people. A. on B. of C. with
14.I paid two hundred yuan ___ that kind of bicycle. A. in B. for C. on
15.I won’t ask about it, I’m going to see it ___ _ my own eyes. A. by B. for C. with
16.There is a small river ___ the two towns A. in B. between C. among
17.Are you going to the zoo __ _ bus or ___ my car? A. on ; by B. by ; in C. on ; in
18. We traveled overnight to Paris and arrived _______ 5 o’clock ______ the morning.
A. on; in B. at; in C. at; on D. in; on
19. Hong Kong is ______ the south of China, and Macao is ______ the west of Hong Kong.
A. in; to B. to; to C. to; in D. in; i
20.There are many apples ___ the tree. A bird ___ the tree is picking an apple.
A. in ; on B. on ; in C. in ; at
一、選用括號(hào)內(nèi)恰當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空。
1.What’s this______(at,on,in)English?
2.Christmas is______(at,on,in)the 25th of December.
3.Look at those birds______ (on,in)the tree.
4.Is there a cat______ (under, behind, in)the door?
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