考研英語拓展閱讀：臘八節(jié)及臘八粥的來歷
過了臘八就是年，在今天吃上一碗熱乎乎的臘八粥，感覺離家更近了。年味也更濃了。關(guān)于臘八節(jié)的由來有不同的傳說，臘八粥又是怎么傳承過來的呢，小編就來帶大家一起來品味品味這個(gè)臘八節(jié)和臘八粥，也希望考研的孩子們?cè)谛碌囊荒昀镉懈玫碾H遇。
【臘八節(jié)的由來】
Laba Festival there are two legendary origin. Buddha Sakyamuni Buddha said that a move mountain cultivation. December eighth day that day because of hunger and fatigue Zaidao street, was a shepherdess found with large gruel saved so that he Dachedawu. Enlightenment and Buddha. One said that the Ming emperor Zhu Yuan-hour cattle to the rich because the rich bracket was broken off in a room, three days did not give anything to eat, he was unbearable hunger. Searched everywhere. Finally found a rat hole, dig out the beans, grain and other food, Zhu Chengyu consumption, find it very sweet.
臘八節(jié)的由來有兩個(gè)傳說。一說佛祖釋迦牟尼成佛前進(jìn)山修行.十二月初八這天因饑餓勞累栽倒路旁， 被一牧羊女發(fā)現(xiàn)，用大米粥救活，使他大徹大悟.得道成佛。一說，明朝皇帝朱元璋小時(shí)給財(cái)主放牛，因牛腿摔斷被財(cái)主關(guān)在一間屋子里，3天沒給飯吃， 他饑餓難忍.到處搜尋.終于發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)老鼠洞，從中挖掘出豆、谷等各種糧食，煮成粥食用，覺得非常香甜。
Later, the emperor made the emperor, thinking a child eat porridge and that the taste of Dayton, he ordered his eunuchs to use a variety of food cooked up a pot of sugar porridge, feast courtiers, after North Korea Wenwubaiguan emulated and passed civil society, Sui Cheng A holiday customs. By Zhu Yuan sugar porridge eighth day of the days of the twelfth lunar month, so this porridge is also called laba porridge.
后來朱元璋做了皇帝，想起小時(shí)候吃那頓粥 的味道，就命太監(jiān)用各種糧食煮了一鍋糖粥，歡宴群臣，后朝中文武百官爭(zhēng)相效仿并傳入民間，遂成了一種節(jié)日習(xí)俗。因朱元璋吃糖粥的日子是臘月初八， 所以這粥也就叫臘八粥了。
Laba is a grand festival of Buddhism. Before the liberation around the temple for Buddha’s Birthday will be held prayers, and, like the Buddha into the Road, before the story of The Legend of chylous Munv Xian, with fragrant valley, fruit, etc. porridge worship Buddha, called laba porridge. Laba porridge and will be presented to the disciples and the believers, it would be in civil Xiangyan into the vulgar. Some monasteries in the twelfth lunar month is said to eighth day before the hand-held by the monks alms bowl, street alms, will be collected rice, chestnuts, dates, nuts and other ingredients laba porridge distributed to the poor.
“臘八”是佛教的盛大節(jié)日。解放以前各地佛寺作浴佛會(huì)，舉行誦經(jīng)，并效仿釋迦牟尼成道前， 牧女獻(xiàn)乳糜的傳說故事，用香谷、果實(shí)等煮粥供佛，稱“臘八粥”。并將臘八粥贈(zèng)送給門徒及善男信女們，以后便在民間相沿成俗。據(jù)說有的寺院于臘 月初八以前由僧人手持缽盂，沿街化緣，將收集來的米、栗、棗、果仁等材料煮成臘八粥散發(fā)給窮人。
After eating legend could be the Buddha’s blessing, so poor, it is called the Buddha congee. Southern Song Dynasty, Lu You a poem that goes: at the present Buddha congee is more relative to feed, and anti-sense Emura a new section of material. Hangzhou temples temple is said to store leftovers within a stack of rice floor, usually every day the monks leftovers dried, plot a years of surplus grain to the lunar calendar laba porridge boiled eighth day he gave copies to his followers, known as Fu-zhou Ford porridge, which means that after eating you can Zengfu Zengshou. It is obvious that the monks cherish the virtues of food.
傳說吃了以后可以得到佛祖的保佑，所以窮人把它叫做“佛粥”。南宋陸游詩云：“今朝佛粥更相饋，反覺江村節(jié)物新。”據(jù)說杭州名剎天寧寺內(nèi)有儲(chǔ)藏剩飯的“棧飯樓”平時(shí)寺僧每日把剩飯曬干， 積一年的余糧，到臘月初八煮成臘八粥分贈(zèng)信徒，稱為“福壽粥”“福德粥”意思是說吃了以后可以增福增壽�？梢姰�(dāng)時(shí)各寺僧愛惜糧食之美德。
【臘八粥的來歷】
據(jù)說在釋迦牟尼成佛之前，曾經(jīng)修苦行多年，餓得骨瘦如柴，決定不再苦行。這時(shí)遇見一個(gè)牧女，送他乳糜食用。他吃了乳糜，恢復(fù)了體力，便端坐在菩提樹下入定，于十二月八日成道。夏歷以十二月為臘月，所以十二月八日稱作臘八。中國漢族地區(qū)，將這一天作為釋迦牟尼的成道日，于是臘八成了佛教節(jié)日。佛教傳入我國后，各地興建寺院，煮粥敬佛的活動(dòng)也隨之盛行起來，尤其是到了臘月初八，祭祀釋迦牟尼修行成道之日，各寺院都要舉行誦經(jīng)，并效法佛成道前牧女獻(xiàn)乳糜的傳說故事，用香谷和果實(shí)等造粥供佛，名為臘八粥。這便是臘八粥的來歷。
Laba rice porridge was first introduced to China in the Song Dynasty about 900 years ago.
臘八粥在大約900年前的宋代首次引入中國。
Buddhism was well accepted in the areas inhabited by the Han Chinese, who believed that Sakyamuni, the first Buddha and founder of the religion, attained enlightenment on the eighth day of the twelfth month. Sutras were chanted in the temples and rice porridge with beans, nuts and dried fruit was prepared for the Buddha. With the passing of time the custom extended, especially in rural areas where peasants would pray for a plentiful harvest in this way.
在漢族人居住的地區(qū)，佛教被廣泛地接受，人們相信第一個(gè)佛和佛教的創(chuàng)始人釋迦牟尼在第十二個(gè)月的第八天得到了啟發(fā)。佛經(jīng)在寺廟了被吟誦，含豆、堅(jiān)果和干果的粥用來供奉佛主。隨著時(shí)間的推移，這個(gè)風(fēng)俗擴(kuò)展開了，尤其是在鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)，農(nóng)民們以這種方式祈禱好的收成。
There is, however, another touching story: When Sakyamuni was on his way into the high mountains in his quest for understanding and enlightenment, he grew tired and hungry. Exhausted from days of walking, he fainted away by a river in India. A shepherdess found him there and fed him her lunch -- porridge made with beans and rice. Sakyamuni was thus able to continue his journey.
然而，還有一個(gè)動(dòng)人的故事：當(dāng)釋迦牟尼在通向他尋求領(lǐng)悟和啟發(fā)的`高山的路上，他又累又餓。由于幾天的行走而產(chǎn)生的疲憊，他在印度的一條河邊暈倒。一個(gè)牧羊女發(fā)現(xiàn)了她并喂他午飯，飯是由豆和米做成的粥。于是，釋迦牟尼能夠繼續(xù)他的旅程。
After six years of strict discipline, he finally realized his dream of full enlightenment on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month. Ever since, monks have prepared rice porridge on the eve and held a ceremony the following day, during which they chant sutras and offer porridge to Buddha. Thus, the tradition of eating Laba porridge was based in religion, though with the passing of time the food itself became a popular winter dish especially in cold northern China.
經(jīng)過六年嚴(yán)格的修行，他最終于十二月的第八天實(shí)現(xiàn)了他完全啟發(fā)的夢(mèng)想。從那時(shí)到現(xiàn)在，僧侶們?cè)谇叭諟?zhǔn)備米粥，在第二天舉行儀式，在此期間，他們吟誦佛經(jīng)，并為佛祖供奉米粥。因而，吃臘八粥的傳統(tǒng)是以宗教基于宗教的，可是，隨著時(shí)間的推移，這種食物本身尤其是在寒冷的北方成為受歡迎的冬季食物。
According to written records, large Buddhist temples would offer Laba rice porridge to the poor to show their faith to Buddha. In the Ming Dynasty about 500 years ago, it became such a holy food that emperors would offer it to their officials during festivals. As it gained favor in the feudal upper class, it also quickly became popular throughout the country.
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