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考研英語(yǔ)閱讀理解B型試題
知道你們現(xiàn)在一定在考研英語(yǔ)真題中掙扎，為了幫助大家準(zhǔn)備考試，下面梳理了考研英語(yǔ)閱讀理解B型試題，供大家參考借鑒。
Directions:
In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 1-5, choose the most suitable one from the list A—G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps.
We are seeing a series of paradoxes at the turn of the millennium. On the one hand, globalization means that national frontiers are becoming increasingly meaningless, but on the other, we are being swept by a wave of parochialism, with countries clinging to the notion of sovereignty.1）But there are so many factors in the world that make this position increasingly meaningless. Governments no longer have complete control over their economic and monetary policies, and many multinationals now have greater profits than individual countries GDP.
The end of the cold war has brought its own dangers and we need to find a new balance of power in the world. It has also spawned many conflicts. Governments must be prepared to surrender some authority to global and regional institutions or we risk world disorder. It is tragic that, just when we need a strong international organization, the United Nations is starved of funds and often sidelined by its own member states. What happened in East Timor was unforgivable because it was foreseeable. Angola has been another sad instance of international vacillation. 2）
I do think world war is less likely for the present, although I worry about the proliferation of nuclear weapons at one end and lethal small arms at the other. 3）
Another worry stems from the huge economic imbalances in a world where the richest 20 per cent have 86 per cent of global GDP, and the 20 poorest countries only one per cent.
Humanitarian aid is no more than a palliative. 4）The international implications of, for example, the collapse of Africa are unthinkable. There must be a new concept of security based not just on military and defence matters but on economic and social concerns too. 5）
The global pendulum has swung too far towards a total dependence on market forces, but finding some point of balance in the middle is extremely difficult. I am by nature optimistic, but in my gloomier moments I sometimes think the only solution will be an invasion from outer space—then at last everyone would unite!
�。跘］As long as more than a million people continue to live in direst poverty we can never hope to achieve national or international stability.
�。跙］We need an international body with teeth—morally and in action. Perhaps the UN should be given its own force.
�。跜］ Many members of the UN have only become nation states in the last few decades, so I can understand why they are so keen to hang on to their independence.
�。跠］It is terrifying the way that power is increasingly disseminated to small, completely ruthless groups like terrorists, drug traffickers and local warlords. The great imponderable is that some nut could create a nuclear explosion. Or that some essentially local conflict could escalate out of control. You cannot isolate instability: it gets exported.
［E］The mainly purpose of founding the United Nations is preventing aggressions and wars. It is hard to attribute the success to the United Nations although no new world war broke out since its establishment. The United Nations is always helpless of preventing the regional wars
�。跢］The notion of sovereignty is more and more strong while the influence of the United Nations is weaker and weaker.
［G］Western countries must increase their development aid programmes, not out of charity but for reasons of self-interest.
答案及詳解
1.C。此空白處前面闡述了全球化和地方主義的沖擊的矛盾，而后面緊跟著說(shuō)各國(guó)政府無(wú)力完全控制其經(jīng)濟(jì)政策，這就表明，作者是反對(duì)地方保護(hù)主義的。但是后面句首用了“but”作轉(zhuǎn)折詞，可見(jiàn)，作者并沒(méi)有旗幟鮮明的提出反對(duì)意見(jiàn)，所以用一個(gè)較為緩和的句式會(huì)比較適合。因此選C。
2.B。第二段，承接上文，指出在冷戰(zhàn)結(jié)束的情況下，聯(lián)合國(guó)等國(guó)際組織應(yīng)該發(fā)揮更大的作用，但是下文話鋒一轉(zhuǎn)，用東帝漢和安哥拉兩個(gè)例子來(lái)表現(xiàn)聯(lián)合國(guó)在國(guó)際行動(dòng)中的軟弱無(wú)力，再結(jié)合上面所提到的“我們需要一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的國(guó)際組織”，順其自然的就得出了“希望聯(lián)合國(guó)強(qiáng)勁有力”的結(jié)論，選項(xiàng)B正好符合了這一意境。
3.D。作者在這一段的前半部分極力渲染了武器擴(kuò)散的恐怖情形，而從下一段的字里行間我們可以了解到，作者想表達(dá)的意思其實(shí)就是：諸如戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、-品、貧窮等不穩(wěn)定的因素是會(huì)擴(kuò)散和蔓延的，并不是與世隔絕的在全球化的浪潮下，誰(shuí)也無(wú)法“獨(dú)善其身”。選項(xiàng)項(xiàng)D在上下文銜接上很自然貼切，是正確選項(xiàng)。
4.G。此處空白是段落中的句子，從上句可知，本段主要討論在世界經(jīng)濟(jì)財(cái)富占有懸殊的背景下，人道主義援助的目的和作用，而下句的例子則說(shuō)明 “非洲一旦崩潰，對(duì)國(guó)際社會(huì)的影響之大是無(wú)法想象的”。從這些我們可以推斷出，西方國(guó)家所謂的“援助”，并非出于“人道”的崇高目的，而是為了維護(hù)自己的財(cái)富和利益，弄清上下文的邏輯推理關(guān)系，就很容易選出正確選項(xiàng)G了。
5.A。三、四、五段在邏輯上是前后呼應(yīng)的，作者采用“花開(kāi)兩朵、各表一支”的寫(xiě)作手法，一方面指出武器，-品是無(wú)法隔絕的，另一方面呼吁貧窮也是會(huì)蔓延的。戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)和貧困就好比罪惡的雙生子，不離不棄、如影隨行，相應(yīng)的，第五段和第三段的結(jié)尾也應(yīng)該相互呼應(yīng)，因此選A是正確的。
中心思想
本文通過(guò)闡述近年來(lái)聯(lián)合國(guó)在國(guó)際事務(wù)中差強(qiáng)人意的表現(xiàn)，指出現(xiàn)今世界不安定的因素，即是武器以及貧窮的擴(kuò)散，而要從根本上解決世界上形色色的問(wèn)題，一個(gè)強(qiáng)有力的國(guó)際組織是必要的，如果僅僅依靠市場(chǎng)的力量或單個(gè)政府的地方保護(hù)主義甚至是人道主義的援助是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠的。世界性的問(wèn)題需要站在世界的角度來(lái)解決。
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