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講解考研英語(yǔ)難句
全國(guó)碩士研究生統(tǒng)一招生考試是指教育主管部門和招生機(jī)構(gòu)為選拔研究生而組織的相關(guān)考試的總稱,由國(guó)家考試主管部門和招生單位組織的初試和復(fù)試組成。以下是小編幫大家整理的講解考研英語(yǔ)難句,僅供參考,歡迎大家閱讀。
講解考研英語(yǔ)難句 篇1
1.Much of the language used to describe monetary policy,such as “steering the economy to a soft landing” or “a touch on the brakes”,makes it sound like a precise science. Nothing could be further from the truth.
【譯文】 很多用來描述貨幣政策的詞,如“引導(dǎo)經(jīng)濟(jì)軟著陸”,“觸動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)剎車”,聽起來像是一門精確的科學(xué)。事實(shí)遠(yuǎn)非如此。
【析句】 在第一個(gè)句子中,其主干為Much of the language…,makes it sound like…。used to describe monetary policy是用于修飾language的定語(yǔ),后面的such as “steering the economy to a soft landing” or “a touch on the brakes”對(duì)前面的language作進(jìn)一步說明。第二個(gè)句子是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句。
【講詞】 soft landing是一個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)術(shù)語(yǔ),意為“軟著陸”。
Nothing could be further from the truth意思是“沒有什么比這更遠(yuǎn)離事實(shí)”,即“事實(shí)遠(yuǎn)非如此”或“情況并非如此”。
monetary與financial同義,意為“貨幣的;經(jīng)濟(jì)的”,但后者更涉及大規(guī)模金錢的交易。The monetary system of certain countries used to be based on gold.(某些國(guó)家的貨幣制度過去一直是金本位的。)
2. This is no flash in the pan; over the past couple of years, inflation has been consistently lower than expected in Britain and America.
【譯文】 這不是曇花一現(xiàn)。在過去幾年里,英國(guó)和美國(guó)的通貨膨脹率始終低于預(yù)測(cè)水平。
【析句】 這是一個(gè)并列句,前后用分號(hào)隔開兩個(gè)子句,是遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。在第一句中,no可以用not a代替。在后一個(gè)句子中,inflation是主語(yǔ),lower是謂語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞的表語(yǔ), than expected和in Britain and America,以及前面的over the past couple of years都是介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)。
【講詞】 a flash in the pan意為“曇花一現(xiàn)的人或事”。Many people believe that the young singer is a flash in the pan.(許多人認(rèn)為那位歌手紅不了多久。) When I first heard the news,I too dismissed it as a flash in the pan.(我一開始聽到這個(gè)消息時(shí),也認(rèn)為這事長(zhǎng)不了。)
3. Economists have been particularly surprised by favourable inflation figures in Britain and the United States,since conventional measures suggest that both economies,and especially America's,have little productive slack.
【譯文】 經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家對(duì)英美兩國(guó)有利的通脹率感到特別詫異,因?yàn)閭鹘y(tǒng)的計(jì)量方法表明兩國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì),特別是美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)幾乎沒有生產(chǎn)蕭條的時(shí)候。
【析句】 這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。主句的主干是Economists have been particularly surprised。在表示原因的狀語(yǔ)從句中,其賓語(yǔ)從句中especially America's economy是 both economies的同位語(yǔ)。
【講詞】 conventional意為“普通的,常規(guī)的”。a conventional church wedding(傳統(tǒng)的教堂式婚禮),conventional symbols(常用的象征),a conventional form of address(稱呼的慣用形式),conventional weapons(常規(guī)武器)。
slack可以作形容詞、副詞、名詞和動(dòng)詞,其基本意思是“松懈;松弛;減弱”。a slack rope(一根未繃緊的繩子),slack muscles(松弛的肌肉),a slack worker(粗心大意的工人)。
4. The most thrilling explanation is,unfortunately,a little defective. Some economists argue that powerful structural changes in the world have upended the old economic models that were based upon the historical link between growth and inflation.
【譯文】 可惜的'是,這最令人震驚的解釋也有缺陷。一些經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家認(rèn)為,世界經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)有力的變化已經(jīng)推翻了那個(gè)以經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)和通貨膨脹的歷史關(guān)聯(lián)為基礎(chǔ)的舊的經(jīng)濟(jì)模式。
【析句】 第一個(gè)句子相對(duì)比較簡(jiǎn)單。第二個(gè)句子的主干是Some economists argue,賓語(yǔ)是一個(gè)從句,而從句的賓語(yǔ)又跟了一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句(that were based upon the historical link between growth and inflation),修飾the old economic models。
【講詞】 upend一詞由動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)end up衍生而來,意為“結(jié)束,推翻”。
defective意為“有缺陷的;(智商或行為有)欠缺的”,或“有缺陷的人(物)”。 He is defective in moral sense.(他不能分辨邪正。)His speech can only be described as defective.(他的演講很有不妥之處。)
講解考研英語(yǔ)難句 篇2
1. Unlike most of the world's volcanoes, they are not always found at the boundaries of the great drifting plates that make up the earth's surface; on the contrary, many of them lie deep in the interior of a plate.
【譯文】 和世界上大多數(shù)火山不同的是,它們并不總是在構(gòu)成地球表面的巨大漂流板塊之間的邊界上出現(xiàn);相反,許多熱點(diǎn)處于板塊較深的內(nèi)部。
【析句】 這是一個(gè)由兩個(gè)分句組成的并列句,中間由分號(hào)隔開。在前一個(gè)分句中, Unlike most of the world’s volcanoes是一個(gè)形容詞短語(yǔ),修飾句子的主語(yǔ)they。定語(yǔ)從句(that make up the earth’s surface)修飾the great drifting plates。第二個(gè)分句結(jié)構(gòu)較簡(jiǎn)單,注意many of them是指many of the hot spots。
【講詞】 make up意為“化妝;補(bǔ)足;拼湊;組成;編造”等。He made up an excuse for his absence in class,which was found out.(他編了一個(gè)借口沒來上課,結(jié)果被發(fā)現(xiàn)了。)I’ll make up the difference in the bill.(我來補(bǔ)上帳單的差額。) You have to make up the lost time by studying harder.(你應(yīng)該更加努力學(xué)習(xí),以彌補(bǔ)失去的時(shí)間。)He kissed his wife and made up with her.(他吻了妻子,和她和好了。)
2. The complementary coastlines and certain geological features that seem to span the ocean are reminders of where the two continents were once joined.
【譯文】 互相吻合的海岸線和某些似乎跨越海洋的地質(zhì)特征會(huì)使人想到這兩個(gè)大陸曾經(jīng)是連在一起的。
【析句】 這個(gè)單句的主語(yǔ)是the complementary coastlines and certain geological features,后面跟了一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句(that seem to span the ocean),從句中that充當(dāng)?shù)氖侵髡Z(yǔ)。全句的表語(yǔ)名詞reminders跟了一個(gè)of短語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu),其中包含一個(gè)表示地點(diǎn)的從句。
【講詞】 reminder的意思是“暗示;有提醒作用的人或物”。The museum serves as a reminder of the crimes committed against the people of Nanjing.(紀(jì)念館提醒人們不要忘記南京人民所遭受的.暴行。)
span作名詞表示“跨度;范圍”,作動(dòng)詞時(shí)意為“橫越”。Richard Carleton, an award瞱inning journalist whose career in Australian television spanned 40 years, died on Sunday.(理查德·卡爾頓星期天去世,這位多次獲獎(jiǎng)的記者曾在澳大利亞的電視機(jī)構(gòu)工作了40年。)The Thames is spanned by many bridges. (泰晤士河上架設(shè)了許多橋梁。)
3. The relative motion of the plates carrying these continents has been constructed in detail,but the motion of one plate with respect to another cannot readily be translated into motion with respect to the earth's interior.
【譯文】 這些大陸板塊的相對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)已被詳細(xì)闡述出來,但一個(gè)板塊相對(duì)另一板塊的運(yùn)動(dòng)還不能輕易地被解釋為它們相對(duì)于地球內(nèi)部的運(yùn)動(dòng)。
【析句】 在這個(gè)用but連接的兩個(gè)并列分句中,前一個(gè)分句主語(yǔ)的限定成分the plates帶了一個(gè)現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ),起修飾作用;后一個(gè)分句中注意謂語(yǔ)be translated into意為“被解釋為”,這里的another指的是another plates。介詞with respect to出現(xiàn)了兩次,意思是“相對(duì)于……”。
【講詞】 translate意為“翻譯”,但它還可以表示“解釋;調(diào)動(dòng);轉(zhuǎn)換”。 Today's low inflation and steady growth in household income translate into more purchasing power.(現(xiàn)今的低通貨膨脹率和家庭收入的穩(wěn)定增長(zhǎng)轉(zhuǎn)化成了更多的購(gòu)買力。)It is important to have an ideal,but it's more important to translate it into reality.(理想固然重要,但把理想變成現(xiàn)實(shí)更為重要。)Her silence was translated as a protest.(她的沉默被認(rèn)為是一種抗議。)Three years ago,he was translated to the countryside.(他在三年前被調(diào)到了鄉(xiāng)下。)
講解考研英語(yǔ)難句 篇3
The comments attributed to Jobs are perhaps no great surprise, not least because Apple is currently pursuing a number of lawsuits against smartphone makers who have opted to use Android—main market rival Samsung being the most notable target.
【核心詞匯】
currently ad.當(dāng)前,現(xiàn)在
purse v.繼續(xù),從事
rival n.對(duì)手,競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者
notable a.值得注意的,顯著的'
target n. 目標(biāo),靶子
attribute to認(rèn)為是……所有,歸因于
a number of 許多
【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】
句子主干是The comments attributed to Jobs are perhaps no great surprise,attributed to Jobs(理解難點(diǎn))為過去分詞短語(yǔ)做定語(yǔ)修飾The comments。Not least because引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句,往后引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,修飾makers, main market rival Samsung being the most notable target為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。
【參考譯文】這些被認(rèn)為是喬布斯所發(fā)表的評(píng)論或許并不十分令人意外,尤其是因?yàn)樘O果正在針對(duì)選擇使用安卓系統(tǒng)的那些智能手機(jī)制造商發(fā)起多項(xiàng)訴訟,其主要的市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手三星是最顯著的被打擊對(duì)象。
講解考研英語(yǔ)難句 篇4
More probable is bird transport,either externally,by accidental attachment of the seeds to feathers,or internally,by the swallowing of fruit and subsequent excretion of the seeds. (3+)更有可能的.是鳥類運(yùn)輸:或者是通過外部途徑,即由于種籽偶然粘附在羽毛上;或者是通過內(nèi)部方式,即由于鳥類吞食果子并隨后將種籽排泄出來。
難句類型:復(fù)雜修飾、插入語(yǔ)、倒裝
解釋:句首有一個(gè)倒裝,正常語(yǔ)序是bird transport is more probable。后面的句子中由于插入部分的頻繁出現(xiàn)使句子顯得十分凌亂。
意群訓(xùn)練:More probable is bird transport,either externally,by accidental attachment of the seeds to feathers,or internally,by the swallowing of fruit and subsequent excretion of the seeds.
講解考研英語(yǔ)難句 篇5
1. There is “the democratizing uniformity of dress and discourse,and the casualness and absence of deference” characteristic of popular culture.
【譯文】 (美國(guó)社會(huì)出現(xiàn))“服飾和話語(yǔ)趨于平民化的一致,隨意和尊重的缺失”,這樣正是通俗文化的特點(diǎn)。
【析句】 注意句子的表語(yǔ)是引號(hào)中的句子成分,表語(yǔ)實(shí)際是三個(gè)內(nèi)容:the democrat-izing uniformity,the casualness和absence of deference。形容詞短語(yǔ)(characteristic of popular culture)是表語(yǔ)的后置定語(yǔ)。對(duì)此句的理解在很大程度上取決于對(duì)單詞的理解。
【講詞】 democratize意為“民主化”,本句中意為“平民化”。
uniformity意為“相同,一致”。Since then,the nation has sought uniformity in education to expand opportunities to all students.(自那時(shí)起,國(guó)家就致力于向所有的學(xué)生提供相同的教育機(jī)會(huì)。)This procedure has produced gratifying results in achieving uniformity in recommendations and decisions.(這一程序統(tǒng)一了建議和決定,效果令人滿意。)
discourse表示書面和口頭的表達(dá),因此一般譯成“話語(yǔ)”,語(yǔ)言學(xué)的說法是“語(yǔ)篇”。
casualness表示隨意的態(tài)度、舉止、穿著等。
deference意為“順從,尊重”。In deference to my friend and colleague Dr. B-rundtland,I won餿 show those slides at this symposium.(為了以示對(duì)我的朋友和同事布倫特蘭博士的尊重,我就不在這次研討會(huì)上播放那些幻燈片。)Out of deference to Grandma,the father neglected to tell her that he had become a Christian.(為對(duì)尊重奶奶,父親沒有告訴她自己已經(jīng)信了基督教。)
2. Rodriguez notes that children in remote villages around the world are f-ans of superstars like Arnold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks,yet “some Americans fear that immigrants living within the United States remain somehow immun-e to the nation餾 assimilative power.”
【譯文】 羅德里古茲指出,盡管世界邊遠(yuǎn)鄉(xiāng)村的孩子崇拜阿諾德·施瓦辛格和加斯·布魯克斯,然而“有些美國(guó)人卻擔(dān)心生活在美國(guó)的移民不知何故不受這個(gè)國(guó)家同化力量的影響!
【析句】 這是一個(gè)復(fù)合句,yet在句中起轉(zhuǎn)折作用。
【講詞】 note意為“注意,記錄,作筆記”,作動(dòng)詞表示口頭或書面表達(dá)他所注意到的事件或觀點(diǎn),因而有時(shí)可以譯成“指出,寫到,注意到,說”等。He noted that many issues had been discussed at the conference.(他說會(huì)上討論了許多議題。)
immune意為“免疫的;免除的;豁免的”。The criminal was told he would be im-mune from punishment if he helped the police.(罪犯被告知,如果他協(xié)助警方就可以免受懲罰。)Small businesses started by the unemployed urban dwellers are immun-e from taxes for a certain period of time.(城市失業(yè)人員經(jīng)營(yíng)小本生意在一定時(shí)間里可以享受免稅待遇。)The operation of the company will be immune to any outsid-e interference.(公司的運(yùn)營(yíng)不會(huì)受外界的干擾。)
3. Are there divisive issues and pockets of seething anger in America? Ind-eed. It is big enough to have a bit of everything. But particularly when view-ed against America餾 turbulent past,today餾 social indices hardly suggest a dark and deteriorating social environment.
【譯文】 美國(guó)是否存在分裂社會(huì)的問題和極度憤怒的群體?確實(shí)存在。美國(guó)太大了,什么都會(huì)存在。但是,尤其是與美國(guó)動(dòng)蕩的過去相比,今天的社會(huì)指數(shù)根本就不說明存在著黑暗和惡化的社會(huì)環(huán)境。
【析句】 此句的難點(diǎn)在于對(duì)一些詞語(yǔ)的理解。a bit of everything是一種口語(yǔ)化的表達(dá),意為“什么都有一點(diǎn)”。
【講詞】 divisive意為“區(qū)分的,分裂的.”,divisive issues意為“分裂社會(huì)的問題”。
pocket除了“口袋”之意,還可以表示“孤立的地區(qū),保護(hù)區(qū):被隔離的或被保護(hù)的小地區(qū)或集團(tuán)”,在句中應(yīng)該理解為“社會(huì)群體”。
seething意為“火熱的,沸騰的”,例如:a seething revolutionary struggle(火熱的革命斗爭(zhēng)),a seething flood(滾滾的洪水)。seething anger意為“極度的憤怒”。
to be viewed against意為“對(duì)著……觀察;與……相比;鑒于”。Viewed against his family background,he must have worked hard to become what he is today.(鑒于他的家庭背景,他一定非常努力才有了今日的成就。)
講解考研英語(yǔ)難句 篇6
1、Instead, we are treated to fine hypocriticalspectacles, which now more than ever seem in ample supply: the critic of American materialism with a Southampton summer home; the publisher of radicalbooks who takes his meals in three star restaurants; the journalist advocatingparticipatory democracy in all phases of life, whose own children are enrolledin private schools.
[譯文] 相反,我們目睹了比以前任何時(shí)候都多的虛偽景觀:美國(guó)物欲主義批評(píng)家在南安普頓擁有一幢避暑別墅,激進(jìn)圖書的出版商在三星級(jí)餐館就餐,倡導(dǎo)終生參與民主制的新聞?dòng)浾甙炎约旱淖优瓦M(jìn)私立學(xué)校。
[分析] 本句的主句是 we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles。非限定性的定語(yǔ)從句 (which now more than ever seem in ample supply)修飾 spectacles。冒號(hào)后面的成分是三個(gè)并列的名詞性短語(yǔ),其核心詞分別是critic,publisher 和 journalist。spectacles 在文中意為“壯觀景象”,有一定的反諷意味。
2、This does not mean thatambition is at an end, that people no longer feel its stirrings and promptings,but only that, no longer openly honored, it is less openly professed.
[譯文] 這并不意味著抱負(fù)已經(jīng)窮途末路,人們不再感覺到它對(duì)人們的激勵(lì)了;而只是說明人們不再公開地以它為榮,更不愿公開地坦承了。
[分析] 這是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句,主干是 this does not mean,后面接了三個(gè)并列的 that 從句作 mean 的賓語(yǔ)。在第三個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句中,it 指代 ambition,no longer openly honored 是插入語(yǔ),作該從句的狀語(yǔ)。that people no longer feel its stirrings andpromptings 意思是 that people are no longer stirred and promptedby ambition。
3、The attacks on ambition aremany and come from various angles; its public defenders are few andunimpressive, where they are not extremely unattractive.
[譯文] 對(duì)抱負(fù)的攻擊非常之多,而且觀點(diǎn)不盡相同;公開為之辯解的`則少之又少,而且并不為人注意,盡管他們并非一點(diǎn)吸引力也沒有。
[分析] 此句是用分號(hào)隔開的兩個(gè)并列句,后面的一個(gè)分句中有一個(gè) where 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,從整體上來修飾 its public defenders,只不過先行詞用了 where。
4、Theastonishing distrust of the news media isn' t rooted in inaccuracy or poor reportorialskills but in the daily clash of world views between reporters and theirreaders.
[譯文] 對(duì)新聞媒介這種令人震驚的不信任,其根源并非是報(bào)道失實(shí)或低下的報(bào)道技巧,而是記者與讀者的世界觀每天都發(fā)生著碰撞。
[分析] 本句的主干是一個(gè) not…but… 結(jié)構(gòu)。注意這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)引導(dǎo)的是兩個(gè)方式狀語(yǔ)。其核心詞分別是inaccuracy 和 the daily clash。本句的主干是 The astonishing distrust of the news media isn' t rooted。 兩個(gè)分詞短語(yǔ)充當(dāng)句子的狀語(yǔ)。
5、Luckily , if the doormat orstove failed to warn of coming disaster , a successful lawsuit might compensateyou for your troubles. Or so the thinking has gone since the early 1980s, whenjuries began holding more companies liable for their customers' misfortunes.
[譯文] 幸好,如果門墊和爐子忘了提醒你可能的危險(xiǎn),一切成功的訴訟就會(huì)賠償人的損失。大約從20 世紀(jì) 80 年代初開始,陪審員開始越來越多的裁定公司必須為其顧客的不幸負(fù)責(zé)。
[分析] 句子本身并不復(fù)雜, 兩個(gè)句子表達(dá)了人們的想法。在第一個(gè)句子中, if the doormat or stove failed to warn of coming disaster 是指門墊或爐灶沒有警示語(yǔ)。在第二個(gè)句子中,or so the thinking has gone 是一個(gè)倒裝結(jié)構(gòu),正常的語(yǔ)序應(yīng)該是 orthe thinking has gone so(或者說人們是這么想的)。
講解考研英語(yǔ)難句 篇7
Besides, this is unlikely to produce the needed number of every kind of professional in a country as large as ours and where the economy is spread over so many states and involves so many international corporations.
【核心詞匯】
involve v.涉及,卷入
professional n. 專業(yè)人員a.專業(yè)的,職業(yè)的
spread v.伸展,延展
corporation n.企業(yè),社團(tuán),公司
【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】
本句主干是 this is unlikely to produce the needed number of every kind of professional,這里的'主語(yǔ)this指的是文章中的professional training,接著的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)in a country,其中country后面帶了兩個(gè)定語(yǔ),前一個(gè)是形容詞性的短語(yǔ)as large as ours,后一個(gè)是where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句where the economy is spread over so many states and involves so many international corporations,而這個(gè)從句的主語(yǔ)the economy有兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞is和involves,后面都用了相似的結(jié)構(gòu)so many,表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。
【參考譯文】
此外,在我們這么大的一個(gè)國(guó)家里,經(jīng)濟(jì)延展到這么多的州,涉及這么多的國(guó)際公司,因而要培養(yǎng)出所需數(shù)量的各類專業(yè)人員是不太可能的。
講解考研英語(yǔ)難句 篇8
1. Strengthening economic growth, at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere,could push the price higher still in the short term.
【譯文】 在北半球的冬季到來之際,強(qiáng)勁的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)有可能在短期內(nèi)拉高石油價(jià)格。
【析句】 該句是一個(gè)含有插入成分的單句。主語(yǔ)是Strengthening economic growth,謂語(yǔ)是could push,插入成分at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。
【講詞】 grip原意為“抓住”,例如:The frightened child gripped its mother's arm.(受驚的孩子緊緊抓住他母親的臂膀。)另可表示“吸引;控制;理解”。
in the short term表示“短期”,與in the short run意思相同。如表示“長(zhǎng)期”,可說in the long term(run)。
2. In Europe,taxes account for up to four瞗ifths of the retail price, so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.
【譯文】 在歐洲,稅金占汽油零售價(jià)的五分之四,因此,即使原油價(jià)格發(fā)生很大的波動(dòng),汽油價(jià)格所受的影響也不會(huì)像過去那么顯著。
【析句】 該句是一個(gè)因果復(fù)合句,從句In Europe… retail price表示原因,主句 so even… in the past表示結(jié)果。
【講詞】 account作名詞意為“計(jì)算,帳目,說明,估計(jì),理由”,作動(dòng)詞時(shí)表示“說明,總計(jì)有,認(rèn)為,得分”。on the account of表示“由于”:We got married on account of the baby.(我們是因?yàn)楹⒆拥木壒什沤Y(jié)婚。)on no account意為“絕不”:I can agree to his terms on no account.(我絕不會(huì)同意他的條件。)on one’s own account表示“為了自身”或“單獨(dú),獨(dú)自”:He wants to work on his own account.(他想單獨(dú)完成工作。)take into account表示“考慮;顧及”:I will take your suggestion in to account.(我會(huì)考慮你的建議。)
account for表示“導(dǎo)致”,如:Bad weather accounted for the long delay.(長(zhǎng)期的延緩是因?yàn)閴奶鞖。)或表示“解釋”,如:The suspect couldn't account for his time that night.(嫌疑犯不能說明那天晚上他的時(shí)間安排。)或表示“占”。
muted原意是“沉默的,被弄啞的”,句中muted effect指“不太顯著的影響”。 pump price指油品零售價(jià)格。
3. Energy conservation,a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy,energy瞚ntensive industries have reduced oil consumption.
【譯文】 節(jié)約能源、燃料替代以及能源密集型重工業(yè)的重要性的降低,這些都減少了石油消耗量。
【析句】 該句是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句,只是主語(yǔ)復(fù)雜一點(diǎn),它由三部分組成:一是Energy conservation,二是a shift to other fuels,三是a decline in the importance of heavy,energy瞚ntensive industries。謂語(yǔ)是have reduced,賓語(yǔ)是oil consumption。
【講詞】 conservation來自拉丁語(yǔ),本意為“保存”;其動(dòng)詞為conserve,主要的意思是“保存,節(jié)約”。如:water conservation(節(jié)約水資源),energy conservation(節(jié)約能源)。相近的名詞conservancy也有“保護(hù)”的意思,但更強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)自然資源或野生動(dòng)物的保護(hù),也可表示“保護(hù)機(jī)構(gòu)”。conservatism(保守主義)和conservative(保守的,保守分子,保守派)都是同根詞。
energy瞚ntensive意為“能源密集型”,以同樣方式構(gòu)成的單詞有:labor intensive(勞力密集型),capital瞚ntensive(資本密集型)。
4. The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year,compared with $13 in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25-0.5% of GDP.
【譯文】 國(guó)際經(jīng)合組織在最近一期的《經(jīng)濟(jì)展望》中估計(jì),如果油價(jià)持續(xù)一年維持在22美元左右,與1998年的13美元一桶相比,這也只會(huì)使發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的石油進(jìn)口在支出上增加GDP的'0.25%-0.5%。
【析句】 本句的主句是The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that。本句復(fù)雜之處在其賓語(yǔ)部分,里面有一個(gè)條件復(fù)合句,其從句(if oil prices… in 1998)表示條件,而主句是this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25-0.5% of GDP。注意compared在這里是過去分詞,說明$22 a barrel for a full year被拿來與$13 in 1998(即1998年每桶13美元)相比。
【講詞】 bill的主要意思是“議案”或“賬單”。在美國(guó),議案(bill)如在國(guó)會(huì)得到通過才能成為法律(law或act)。平時(shí)在餐館買單就是pay the bill。日常生活中的水電氣等費(fèi)用帳單都是bill。
economy指經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)體,轉(zhuǎn)義指國(guó)家。句中rich economies即指富裕國(guó)家(發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家)。
5. One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that,unlike the rises in the 1970s,it has not occurred against the background of general commodity瞤rice inflation and global excess demand.
【譯文】 油價(jià)上升不會(huì)導(dǎo)致失眠的另一個(gè)原因是,與20世紀(jì)70年代不同,這一次油價(jià)上漲之時(shí)并沒有出現(xiàn)普遍物價(jià)暴漲、全球需求過旺。
【析句】 本句的主句是One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that。比較復(fù)雜的是is后接一個(gè)由that引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句,其it是指油價(jià)上漲。
【講詞】 lose sleep意為“失眠”,lose sleep over意為“因……而失眠”。
against the background of表示“在……背景(情況)下”。He always paints ships against a background of stormy skies.(他常以暴風(fēng)雨為背景畫船。)We must try to understand the ethnic relations against the background of social changes at the time.(我們?cè)谡J(rèn)識(shí)種族關(guān)系時(shí)必須關(guān)注當(dāng)時(shí)的社會(huì)變化。)
講解考研英語(yǔ)難句 篇9
To be sure, he performs an impressive variety of interesting compositions, but it is not necessary for me to visit Avery Fisher Hall, or anywhere else, to hear interesting orchestral music.
譯文:當(dāng)然,他演繹了多種多樣有趣的作品,但我并沒有必要去艾弗瑞·費(fèi)舍爾音樂廳或者其他地方聽一場(chǎng)有趣的交響樂演出。
分析:本句由連詞but連接的兩個(gè)分句組成。第一個(gè)分句中,To be sure為插入語(yǔ),在句中起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。第二個(gè)分句中,it為形式主語(yǔ),真正的主語(yǔ)是不定式to visit Avery Fisher Hall…,for me是不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ),即visit這個(gè)動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者,to hear interesting orchestral music則是第二個(gè)分句的目的狀語(yǔ)。
【詞匯指南】
impressive [im'presiv](adj.)給人印象深刻的(CET-4)(ive-的)
1個(gè)派生詞:
●impress [im'pres](vt.)壓印;給…留下印象,使銘記(高考詞匯)(im=in-向里,press-按,壓 → 向里壓、向里按——即“壓印”,引申為“給…留下印象,使銘記”。)
visit ['vizit](v./n.)參觀,訪問(中考詞匯)(vis-詞根,看,it-詞根,走 → 邊走邊看——即““參觀,訪問””)
1個(gè)派生詞:
●visitor [vizit](n.)參觀者,訪問者;來客(中考詞匯)(or-表人)
hall [h:l](n.)門廳;走廊,過道(中考詞匯)(h-無(wú)意義,all=cell-單人房間、單人牢房 → 源于“門廳、走廊”就像“單人房間”一樣狹窄。)
1個(gè)形近詞:
●hale[heil](vt.)強(qiáng)拉;硬拖(adj.)強(qiáng)壯的,健壯的'(CET-6、考研詞匯)(有學(xué)者認(rèn)為,“hale”一詞具有擬聲色彩,其發(fā)音似人們?cè)趧趧?dòng)時(shí)所發(fā)出的“嘿喲、嘿喲”的呼吸聲——即“強(qiáng)拉;硬拖”,引申為“強(qiáng)壯的,健壯的”。)
2個(gè)近義詞:
●lobby ['lbi](n.)門廳;(會(huì)議)休息室(CET-6、考研詞匯)(有學(xué)者認(rèn)為,lo=lay-放置;躺,bby=body-身體[d-b反向同源] → 放躺身體休息的地方——即“門廳;(會(huì)議室的)休息廳”;因?yàn)閿[放著沙發(fā)的“門廳”和“(會(huì)議)休息室”都是供客人臨時(shí)休息的地方。)
●lounɡe [laund](n.)休息室;躺椅,臥榻(vi.)(懶洋洋地)倚靠,躺(高考詞匯)(lo=lobby-休息室;unɡ=bench-長(zhǎng)椅,e-尾綴 → 擺放在休息室里的長(zhǎng)椅——即“躺椅,臥榻”,引申為“(懶洋洋地)倚靠,躺”。)
考點(diǎn)搭配:cocktail lounge 雞尾酒會(huì)
講解考研英語(yǔ)難句 篇10
It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers.
【核心詞匯】
high-quality a. 高質(zhì)量的
criticism n.批評(píng),批判
【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】
it作形式主語(yǔ),動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers在句中充當(dāng)實(shí)際主語(yǔ)。其中的for average reader under the age of forty是動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)中imagine這一動(dòng)作的真正施動(dòng)者,to the point of 表示“達(dá)到……的程度”,to the point of impossibility表示“達(dá)到幾乎不可能的`程度”。另外,該短語(yǔ)中的when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers是定語(yǔ)從句,用來修飾其前面表示時(shí)間概念的名詞time。
【參考譯文】
40歲以下的普通讀者難以想象,甚至不可能想象出一個(gè)在許多大城市報(bào)紙上都能找到高質(zhì)量藝術(shù)評(píng)論的時(shí)代。
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