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2012年職稱英語等級考試(綜合類B級)真題附答案和解析
第1部分：詞匯選項(第1～15題，每題1分，共15分)
1.A large crowd assembled outside the Americanembassy.
A.watched B.gathered C.shouted D.walked
2.Most babies can take in a wide range of food easily.
A.bring B.keep C.digest D.serve
3.What puzzles me is why his books are so popular.
A.confuses B.shocks C.influences D.concerns
4.I think £7 a drink is a bit steep, don’t you?
A.tight B.high C.low D.cheap
5.Our aim was to update the health service and we succeeded.
A.offer B.provide C.fund D.modernize
6.The weather was crisp and clear and you could see the mountains fifty miles away.
A.hot B.heavy C.fresh D.windy
7.The walls are made of hollow concrete blocks.
A.big B.long C.new D.empty
8.Joe came to the window as the crowd chanted “Joe, Joe, Joe.”
A.jumped B.maintained C.repeated D.approached
9.All the flats in the building had the same layout.
A.arrangement B.color C.size D.function
10.Her comments about men are utterly ridiculous.
A.slightly B.partly C.faintly D.completely
11.The contempt he felt for his fellow students was obvious.
A.need B.hate C.love D.pity
12.Do we have to wear these name tags?
A.lists B.forms C.labels D.codes
13.He inspired many young people to take up the sport.
A.allowed B.called C.advised D.encouraged
14.The city center was wiped out by the bomb.
A.destroyed B.covered C.reduced D.moved
15.The storm caused severe damage.
A.physical B.accidental C.environmental D.serious
第2部分：閱讀判斷(第16～22題，每題1分，共7分)
下面的短文后列出了7個句子，請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對每個句子做出判斷;如果該句提供的是正確信息，請選擇A;如果該句提供的是錯誤信息，請選擇B;如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請選擇C。
Brotherly Love
Adidas and Puma have been two of the biggest names in sports shoe manufacturing for overhalf a century.
Since 1928 they have supplied shoes for Olympic athletes, World Cup-winning football heroes,Muhammad Ali, hip hop stars and rock musicians famous all over the world. But the story ofthese two companies begins in one house in the town of Herzogenaurach, Germany.
Adolph and Rudolph Dassler were the sons of a shoemaker. They loved sport but complainedthat they could never find comfortable shoes to play in. Rudolph always said, “You cannot playsports wearing shoes that you’d walk around town with.” So they started making their own. In1920 Adolph made the first pair of athletics shoes with spikes(釘), produced on the Dasslers’kitchen table.
On 1st July 1924 they formed a shoe company, Dassler Brothers Ltd and they worked togetherfor many years. The company became successful and it provided the shoes for Germany’sathletes at the 1928 and 1932 Olympic Games.
But in 1948 the brothers argued. No one knows exactly what happened, but family membershave suggested that the argument was about money or women. The result was that Adolph leftthe company. His nickname was Adi, and using this and the first three letters of the familyname, Dassler, he founded Adidas.
Rudolph relocated across the River Aurach and founded his own company too. At first hewanted to call it Ruda, but eventually he called it Puma, after the wild cat. The famous Pumalogo of the jumping cat has hardly changed since.
After the big split of 1948 Adolph and Rudolph never spoke to each other again and theircompanies have now been in competition for over sixty years. Both companies were for manyyears the market leaders, though Adidas has always been more successful than Puma. A hiphop group, Run DMC, has even written a song called “My Adidas” and in 2005 Adidas boughtReebok, another big sports shoe company.
The terrible family argument should really be forgotten, but ever since it happened, over sixtyyears ago, the town has been split into two. Even now, some Adidas employees and Pumaemployees don’t talk to each other.
16.Adidas and puma began to make shoes at the end of 19th century.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
17.The brothers’ father was a ball maker.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
18.The brothers make shoes at home.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
19.The brothers argued about the shoes.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
20.The brothers decided to start their separate companies after argument.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
21.Nike makes more shoes than Adidas.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
22.People in town have forgotten their argument.
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
第3部分：概括大意和完成句子(第23～30題，每題1分，共8分)
下面的短文后有2項測試任務(wù)：(1)第23 ~ 26題要求從所給的6個選項中為指定段落每段選擇1個小標(biāo)題;(2)第27 ~ 30題要求從所給的6個選項中為每個句子確定一個最佳選項。
How Technology Pushes Down Price
1 Prices have fallen in the food business because of advances in food production anddistribution technology. Consumers have benefited greatly from those advances. People whopredicted that the world would run out of food were wrong. We are producing more and morefood with less and less capital. Food is therefore more plentiful and cheaper than it has everbeen. Spending on food compared with other goods has fallen for many years, and continues todrop.
2 Supermarkets have helped push down prices mainly because of their scale. Like any bigbusiness, they can invest in IT systems that make them efficient. And their size allows them tobuy in bulk. As supermarkets get bigger, the prices get lower.
3 Huge retail companies such as Wal-Mart have tremendous power and they can putpressure on producers to cut their margins. As a result, some producers have had to makecuts. In recent years, Unilever has cut its workforce by 33, 000 to 245, 000 and dropped lots ofits minor brands as part of its “path to growth” strategy. Cadbury has shut nearly 20 percentof its 133 factories and cut 10 percent of its 55, 000 global workforce. These cuts help keepcosts down, and the price of food stays low.
4 Does cheap food make people unhealthy? Cheap food may encourage people to eat more.Good companies certainly think that giving people more food for their money makes them buymore. Giving people bigger portions is an easy way of making them feel they have got a betterdeal. That is why portions have got larger and larger. In America, soft drinks came in 8oz(225g) cans in the past, then 12oz (350g), and now come in 20oz (550g) cans. If a companycan sell you an 8oz portion for $7, they can sell you a 12oz portion for $ 8. The only extracost to the company is the food, which probably costs 25 cents.
5 Now companies are under pressure to stop selling bigger portions for less money. But it ishard to change the trend.
23.Paragraph 1______
24.Paragraph 2______
25.Paragraph 3_____
26.Paragraph 4_____
A.Huge retailers force producers to cunt costs
B.Consumers like supermarkets
C.Technology helps reduce food prices
D.Food comes cheaper in larger portions
E.Chain stores provide better service
F.Bigger supermarkets offer lower prices
27.Big supermarkets can offer food at lower prices because they can buy in______
28.Some food producers have reduced______
29.Besides cutting its workforce, Unilever also abandoned its______
30.Buyers like bigger portion because they think they have got______
A.their workforce
B.huge portions
C.large quantities
D.their money
E.a good barging
F.minor brands
第4部分：閱讀理解(第31～45題，每題3分，共45分)
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個最佳選項。
第一篇 Oseola McCarty
Late one Sunday afternoon in September 1999, Oseola McCarty, an elderly cleaning lady passedaway in the little wooden frame house where she had lived and worked most of her life. It mayseem like an ordinary end to a humble life, but there was something quite exceptional aboutthis woman.
In the summer of 1995, McCarty gave $ 150, 000, most of the money she had savedthroughout her life, to the University of Southern Mississippi in her hometown. The money wasto help other African Americans through university. She had started her savings habit as ayoung child when she would return from school to clean and iron for money which she wouldthen save.
She led a simple, frugal existence, never spending on anything but her most basic needs. Herbank also advised her on investing her hard-earned savings.
When she retired, she decided that she wanted to use the money to give children of limitedmeans the opportunity to go to university. She had wanted to become a nurse, but had toleave school to look after ill relatives and work. When asked why she had given her life savingsaway, she replied, “I’m giving it away so that children won’t have to work so hard, like I did.”After news of her donation hit the media, over 600 donations were made to the scholarshipfund. One was given by media executive, Ted Turner, who reputedly gave a billion dollars.
She didn’t want any fuss made over her gift, but the news got out and she was invited all overthe United States to talk to people. Wherever she went, people would come up to her to say afew words or to just touch her. She met the ordinary and the famous, President Clintonincluded. In the last few years of her life, before she died of cancer, McCarty was given over 300awards: she was honored by the United Nations and received the Presidential Citizen’s Medal.Despite having no real education, she found herself with two honorary doctorates: one from theUniversity of Southern Mississippi and the other from Harvard University. Her generosity wasclearly an inspiration to many and proof that true selflessness does exist.
31.This woman shocked and inspired the world because__________.
A.she had managed to save so much money
B.she gave her money to African Americans
C.she gave her life savings to help others through university
D.she only spent money on cheap things
32.She managed to save so much money because __________.
A.she had ironed and washed clothes all her life
B.she had worked hard, saved hard and invested carefully
C.she had opened a good bank account
D.she knew how to make money
33.She gave her money away because __________.
A.she wanted to help the university
B.she wanted others to have the chance to become nurses
C.she wanted others to have the opportunity to escape a hard life
D.she want to be remembered after her death
34.When her generosity was made __________
A.people donated billions
B.hundreds of students got scholarships
C.hundreds of people put money into the fund
D.she was sent to university
35.Marcarty’s generosity indicates clearly that__________ .
A.scholarship funds are popular in US
B.kind-hearted people deserves doctorates
C.selflessness exists in human society
D.poor people can donate as much as rich people
第二篇 From Ponzi to Madoff
The year was 1920. The country was the United States of America. The man’s name wasCharles Ponzi. Ponzi told people to stop depositing money in a savings account. Instead, theyshould give it to him to save for them. Ponzi promised to pay them more than the bank. Forexample, a savings account might pay you $ 5 a year for every $ 100 you deposit. Ponzi,however, would pay you $ 40 a year for every $ 100 you gave him to hold. Many peoplethought this was a good plan. They began to give their money to Ponzi.
How could Ponzi make so much money for people? This is what he did with the money peoplegave him: He used some of that money to pay other people who gave him money. However, healso kept a lot of the money for himself. Soon he had $ 250 million. This was a kind of theft,and it was against the law. The people who gave him their money didn’t think anything waswrong. Ponzi paid them every month, just like a bank. Ponzi continued this way of working fortwo years. Then one day, he didn’t have enough money to pay all the people. They discoveredhis crime, and he went to prison for fraud.
Ninety years later, people began to hear about a businessman in New York named BernardMadoff. People said he gave good advice about money. They said when they gave him theirmoney, he paid them a lot more than the bank. Madoff helped hospitals, schools, andindividuals earn money. Over a period of 40 years, people gave him $ 170 billion. However, noone investigated what he did with the money. The people who gave Madoff their money alsodidn’t think anything was wrong because he paid them every month.
One day, Madoff didn’t have enough money to pay all the people he needed to pay. That’s whenpeople discovered how Madoff worked: He was taking money from some people to pay otherpeople, just the way Charles Ponzi did. However, this time, instead of losing millions of dollars,people lost billions.
Madoff was accused of fraud, and United States government officials arrested him. He didn’thave to go on trial because he said he was guilty. In 2009, a judge sentenced him to 150years in prison. Bernard Madoff’s crime was even bigger than Ponzi’s. It was the biggest fraudin history. The lesson of this story is clear. When something seems too good to be true, itprobably is!
36.For every $ 100 Ponzi promises to pay people __________.
A.$ 5 a year
B.$ 40 a year
C.$ 20 a year
D.$ 100 a year
37.What did Ponzi do with the money people gave him?
A.He spent it all on things for himself.
B.He used some of it to pay other people.
C.He deposited it all in a bank.
D.He kept it all to save for a good plan.
38.What was Ponzi’s crime?
A.He kept a lot of other peoples’ money for himself.
B.He robbed the banks of millions of dollars.
C.He gave people more than bank allowed.
D.He didn’t pay people the interests.
39.How long did Madoff’s trick lasts?
A.Four years.
B.Forty years.
C.Nine years.
D.Ninety years.
40.Why didn’t Madoff have to go on trial?
A.He admitted he was guilty.
B.The officials couldn’t find any evidence against him.
C.He had friends in government who helped him.
D.He returned all illegal money.
第三篇 Gross National Happiness
In the last century, new technology improved the lives of many people in many countries.However, one country resisted these changes. High in the Himalayan mountains of Asia, thekingdom of Bhutan remained separate. Its people and Buddhist(佛教)culture had not beenaffected for almost a thousand years. Bhutan, however, was a poor country. People died at ayoung age. Most of its people could not read, and they did not know much about the outsideworld. Then, in 1972, a new ruler named King Jigme Singye Wangchuck decided to help Bhutanto become modern, but without losing its traditions.
King Wangchuck looked at other countries for ideas. He saw that most countries measuredtheir progress by their Gross Natonal Product(GNP). The GNP measures products and money.When the number of products sold increases people say the country is making progress. KingWangchuck had a different idea for Bhutan. He wanted to measure his country’s progress bypeople’s happiness. If the people’s happiness increased, the king could say that Bhutan wasmaking progress. To decide if people were happier, he created a measure called Gross NationalHappiness(GNH).
GNH is based on certain principles that create happiness. People are happier if they have healthcare, education, and jobs. They are happier when they live in a healthy, protectedenvironment. They are happier when they can keep their traditional culture and customs.Finally, people are happier when they have a good, stable government.
Now there is some evidence of increased GNH in Bhutan. People are healthier and are livinglonger. More people are educated and employed. Twenty-five percent of the land has becomenational parks, and the country has almost no pollution. The Bhutanese continue to wear theirtraditional clothing and follow their ancient Buddhist customs. Bhutan has also become ademocracy. In 2008, King Wangchuck gave his power to his son. Although the country stillhad a king, it held its first democratic elections that year. Bhutan had political parties andpolitical candidates for the first time. Finally, Bhutan has connected to the rest of the worldthrough television and internet.
Bhutan is a symbol for social progress. Many countries are now interested in Bhutan’s GNH.These countries are investigating their own ways to measure happiness. They want to createnew policies that take care of their people, cultures, and land.
Brazil may be the nest country to use the principles of GNH. Brazilian leaders see the principlesof GNH as a source of inspiration. Brazil is a large country with a diverse population. Ifhappiness works as a measure of progress in Brazil, perhaps the rest of the world will follow.
41.Who was Jigme Singye Wangchuck?
A.A president.
B.A Buddhist priest.
C.A general.
D.A king.
42.Apart from modernizing Bhutan, what else did Wangchuck want to do for Bhutan?
A.To make its population grow.
B.To keep it separate from the world.
C.To encourage its people to get rich.
D.To keep its tradition and customs.
43.A country shows its progress with GNP by________.
A.selling more products.
B.spending more money.
C.spending less money.
D.providing more jobs.
44.According to GNH, people are happier if they________.
A.have new technology.
B.can change their religion.
C.have a good, stable government.
D.have more money.
45.Today, many countries are________.
A.using the principles of GNH to measure their progress.
B.working together to develop a common scale to measure GNH.
C.taking both Bhutan and Brazil as symbols for social progress.
D.trying to find their own ways to measure happiness.
第5部分：補(bǔ)全短文(第46～50題，每題2分，共10分)
下面的短文有5處空白，短文后有6個句子，其中5個取自短文，請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將其分別放回原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章面貌。
Voice Your Opinion: Change Is Needed In Youth Sports
Everywhere you look, you see kids bouncing a basketball or waving a tennis racquet(網(wǎng)球拍).And these kids are getting younger and younger. In some countries, children can compete onbasketball, baseball, and volleyball teams starting at age nine. __________ (46) And swimmingand gymnastics classes begin at age four, to prepare children for competition. It’s true that afew of these kids will develop into highly skilled athletes and may even become members of thenational Olympic teams. __________ (47) This emphasis on competition in sports is havingserious negative effects.
Children who get involved in competitive sports at a young age often grow tired of their sport.Many parents pressure their kids to choose one sport and devote all their time to it. _________ (48) But 66 percent of the young athletes wanted to play more than one sport-forfun. Another problem is the pressure imposed by over-competitive parents and coaches.Children are not naturally competitive. In fact, a recent study by Paulo David found that mostchildren don’t even understand the idea of competition until they are seven yearsold.__________ (49) The third, and biggest, problem for young athletes is the lack of time todo their homework, have fun, be with friends—in short, time to be kids. When they are forcedto spend every afternoon at sports practice, they often start to hate their chosen sport. Aresearcher’s found that 70 percent of kids who take part in competitive sports before the ageof twelve quit before they turn eighteen.__________ (50) Excessive competitive away all theenjoyment.
Need to remember the purpose of youth sports – to give kids a chance to have developingstrong, healthy bodies.
A.Survey found that 79 percent of parents of young athletes wanted their children toconcentrate on one sports.
B.The young soccer organization has teams for children as young as five.
C.Many of them completely lose interest in sports.
D.Sports for children have two important purposes.
E.But what about the others, the average kids?
F.Very young kids don’t know why their parents are pushing them so hard?
第6部分：完形填空(第52~65題，每題1分，共15分)
下面的短文有15處空白，請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容為每處空白確定1個最佳選項。
Do you ever wish you were more optimistic, someone who always ______ (51) to besuccessful? Having someone around who always ______ (52) the worst isn’t really a lot of______ (53). We all know someone who sees a single cloud on a sunny day and says, “It looks______ (54) rain.” But if you catch yourself thinking such things，it’s important to dosomething ______ (55) it.
You can change your view of life, ______ (56) to psychologists. It only takes a little effort, andyou’ll find life more rewarding as a ______ (57). Optimism, they say, is partly about self-respect and confidence but it’s also a more positive way of looking at life and all it has to______ (58). Optimists are more______ (59) to start new projects and are generally moreprepared to take risks.
Upbringing is obviously very important in forming your ______ (60) to the world. Some peopleare brought up to ______ (61) too much on others and grow up forever blaming other peoplewhen anything ______ (62) wrong. Most optimists, on the ______ (63) hand, have beenbrought up not to ______ (64) failure as the end of the world—they just ______ (65) withtheir lives.
51.A.counted B.expected C.felt D.waited
52.A.worries B.cares C.fears D.doubts
53.A.amusement B.play C.enjoyment D.fun
54.A.so B.to C.for D.like
55.A.with B.against C.about D.over
56.A.judging B.according C.concerning D.following
57.A.result B.reason C.purpose D.product
58.A.supply B.suggest C.offer D.propose
59.A.possible B.likely C.hopeful D.welcome
60.A.opinion B.attitude C.view D.position
61.A.trust B.believe C.depend D.hope
62.A.goes B.falls C.comes D.turns
63.A.opposite B.next C.other D.far
64.A.regard B.respect C.suppose D.think
65.A.get up B.get on C.get out D.get over
2012年職稱英語等級考試真題參考答案(綜合類B級)
1 B 2 C 3 A 4 B 5 D
6 C 7 D 8 C 9 A 10 D
11 B 12 C 13 D 14 A 15 D
16 B 17 B 18 A 19 B 20 A
21 C 22 B 23 C 24 F 25 A
26 D 27 C 28 A 29 F 30 E
31 C 32 B 33 C 34 C 35 C
36 B 37 B 38 D 39 B 40 A
41 D 42 D 43 A 44 C 45 D
46 B 47 E 48 A 49 F 50 C
51 B 52 C 53 D 54 D 55 C
56 B 57 A 58 C 59 B 60 B
61 C 62 A 63 C 64 A 65 B
其中：
第一部分：第1～15題，每題1分，共15分;
第二部分：第16～22題，每題1分，共7分;
第三部分：第23～30題，每題1分，共8分;
第四部分：第31～45題，每題3分，共45分;
第五部分：第46～50題，每題2分，共10分;
第六部分：第51～65題，每題1分，共15分。
試卷滿分：100分。
2012年職稱英語等級考試真題參考答案及解析(綜合類B級)
第1部分：詞匯選項
1.B 題意：美國使館前面聚集了一大群人。
句子中assembled的意思是集合。A中watched的意思是注視，看守，監(jiān)視，警戒;例句：The would-bemurderer was kept under close watch.那個意欲行兇的人被里于嚴(yán)密監(jiān)視下。B中g(shù)athered的意思是(使)聚集，集合;例句：Gather some leaves which have an interesting texture and shape.采集一些帶有有趣的紋理和形狀的葉子。C中shouted的意思是呼，喊，叫;例句：He is rather far away, but ifyou shout, he may hear you.他在相當(dāng)遠(yuǎn)的地方，但是如果你大聲喊的話，他可能聽得見。D中walked的意思是走，步行，散步;例句：You walk on ahead. I shall soon catch you up.你在前面先走，我很快就會趕上你。故選B。
2.C 題意：大多數(shù)嬰兒能消化的食物很廣泛。
句子中take in的意思是吸收，消化。A中bring的意思是帶來，引來;例句：The success brought himgreat satisfaction.成功給他帶來極大的快慰。B中keep的意思是保持，遵守;例句：That’s somethingwe have always to keep in mind.那是我們應(yīng)該經(jīng)常記在心里的。C中digest的意思是消化，整理，吸收;例句：The baby is too small to digest meat.嬰兒太小，吃肉不消化。D中serve的意思是服務(wù)，提供;例句：Children must be educated to serve their country when they grow up.必須教育孩子長大后為國家服務(wù)。故選C。
3.A 題意：使我疑惑的是，為什么他的書如此受歡迎。
句子中puzzles的意思是使人迷惑。A中confuses的意思是使困惑;例句：They confused me by theirconflicting advice.他們的建議相互矛盾，把我弄糊涂了。B中shocks的意思是使人震驚;例句：We wereshocked by the news of his death.他去世的消息令我們震驚。C中influences的意思是影響;例句：It isnot his parents that influence him so much as his teachers.他的父母并不像他的老師對他那樣有影響。D中concerns的意思是關(guān)系到;關(guān)心;例句：The letter is chiefly concerned with exportcommodities.這封信主要是關(guān)于出口商品的。故選A。
4.B 題意：我認(rèn)為七塊錢買一杯喝的太貴了，你覺得呢?
句子中steep的意思是過分的，夸張的，極高的。A中tight的意思是緊的，牢固的;例句：The shoes aretoo tight for me.我覺得鞋子太緊了。B中high的意思是高的;例句：He is covetous of her high salary.他垂涎她的高薪。C中l(wèi)ow的意思是低的，矮小的;例句：The office is in a low building.辦公室設(shè)在一幢低矮的房子里。D中cheap的意思是便宜的，廉價的;例句：The coat may be expensive but looks cheap.那件大衣也許很貴，但是看起來很便宜。故選B。
5.D 題意：我們的目標(biāo)是更新健康服務(wù)，我們做到了。
句子中update的意思是更新。A中offer的意思是提供，給予;例句：He offered me a glass of wine.他端給我一杯酒。B中provide的意思是提供，供給;例句：Somehow she managed to provide her childrenwith food and clothing.她總算設(shè)法使她的孩子有飯吃，有衣穿。C中fund的意思是提供資金;例句;Theyare raising funds for a new laboratory.他們在募款建一個新的實驗室。D中modernize的意思是使現(xiàn)代化;例句：First of all, if we want to stay competitive, we need to modernize our factory.首先我們?nèi)绻３指偁幜Φ脑�，就需要使我們的工廠現(xiàn)代化。故選D。
6.C 題意：空氣清新，50里以外的山巒都能看到。
句子中crisp的意思是新鮮的。A中hot的意思是熱的;例句：He bustled her out of the hot house.他催促她快走出那間悶熱的房子。B中heavy的意思是重的;例句：The heavy bag weighted the pupil to oneside.沉重的書包壓得那個小學(xué)生歪向一邊。C中fresh的意思是新鮮的，新的;例句：We had to dowithout fresh fruit and vegetable.沒有新鮮水果和蔬菜，我們不得不將就一下。D中windy的意思是有風(fēng)的;例句:It’s a lovely, windy day. Help me to peg out the washing.天氣真好，又有風(fēng)，請把我洗好的衣服晾出去。故選C。
7.D 題意：這面墻是空心磚搭建的。
句子中hollow的意思是空的，空洞的。A中big的意思是大的;例句：We now have a big house of whichwe could not have dreamed years ago.我們現(xiàn)有的一座大房子是我們多年前沒能想象得到的。B中l(wèi)ong的意思是長的;例句：Their clothes were all bunched up after being in suitcases for so long.他們的衣服在衣箱里放得時間這么長，以至都打褶。C中new的意思是新的;例句：I redirected his letters to hisnew house.我把他的信件改寄到他的新住所。D中empty的意思是空的;例句：He hurtled his empty gunat my face.他把空槍猛地朝我的臉上投來。故選D。
8.C 題意：喬伊走到窗邊聽到人群中重復(fù)喊著：“喬伊!喬伊!喬伊!”
句子中chanted的意思是反復(fù)有節(jié)奏地喊叫(或唱等)。A中jumped的意思是跳;例句：A horse must becarefully mouthed before he is taught to jump.教馬跳躍之前必須小心使它習(xí)慣于馬嚼子。B中maintained的意思是保持，保養(yǎng)，堅持;例句：Even if we cannot agree, we should maintain ourcontact.即使我們不能取得一致，我們也要保持聯(lián)系。C中repeated的意思是重復(fù);例句：She repeatedwhat she had said.她重復(fù)了自己說過的話。D中approached的意思是接近，走近。例句：He cautiouslyapproached the house.他小心地走近那所房子。故選C。
9.A 題意：這個建筑物的套間布局都完全相同。
句子中l(wèi)ayout的意思是布局，布置。A中arrangement的意思是安排，布局;例句：The arrangement ofthe furniture formed a pleasing ensemble.這些家具擺放得悅目而和諧。B中color的意思是顏色，色彩;例句：How do you like it in this color?你覺得它的顏色怎么樣?C中size的意思是大小，尺寸;例句：I take size nine shoes.我穿九號的鞋。D中function的意思是功能，職務(wù)，職責(zé);例句：What is hisfunction on the committee?他在委員會里擔(dān)任什么職務(wù)?故選A。
10.D 題意：她關(guān)于男人的評論真是一派胡言。
句子中utterly的意思是完全地，徹底地。A中slightly的意思是輕微地;例句：We had to slightly modifythe original design.我們不得不對原來的設(shè)計稍加修改。B中partly的意思是部分地，不完全地;例句：Thereason why one is fat is partly caused by overeating.造成肥胖的部分原因是飲食過量。C中faintly的意思是微弱地，隱約地;例句;Daisy rose, smiling faintly, and went to the table.黛西站了起來，微微一笑，走到桌子前面。D中completely的意思是完整地，徹底地;例句：He was completely smeared by hismatch.他被他的對手徹底打敗了。故選C。
11.B 題意：他對學(xué)生的蔑視是顯而易見的。
句子中contempt的意思是輕視，輕蔑。A中need的意思是需要;例句：There’s no need for you tostart yet.你現(xiàn)在還不必動身。B中hate的意思是仇恨，厭惡;例句：Love and hate are two extremesof feelings.愛與恨是感情的兩個極端。C中l(wèi)ove的意思是愛，喜歡;例句：We should parent childrenwith both love and discipline.我們應(yīng)該用愛和管教來當(dāng)好孩子的父母。D中pity的意思是憐憫，同情，憾事;例句：Pity welled up in her heart as she watched the disabled child.當(dāng)她看到那個殘疾孩子的時候，憐憫之情涌上心頭。故選B。
12.C 題意：我們需要戴著胸卡嗎?
句子中name tags的意思帶有名字的標(biāo)簽，tag是標(biāo)簽的意思。A中l(wèi)ists的意思是名單;例句：His name wasdropped from the list.他的名字被從名單上除去了。B中forms的意思是表格;例句：To apply for a job,you must fill out a form.申請工作要填表。C中l(wèi)abels的意思是標(biāo)簽。例句：All the sale items hadspecial labels.所有減價品都有特殊標(biāo)簽。D中codes意思是編碼，代號;例句：He sent a message incode.他用密碼發(fā)送了一份訊息。故選C。
13.D 題意：他鼓勵很多年輕人運(yùn)動起來。
句子中inspired的意思是鼓舞，激勵。A中allowed的意思是允許;例句：He doesn’t allow cats in theroom.他不允許貓進(jìn)入房內(nèi)。B中called的意思是叫，通電話;例句：He called the waitress over.他將服務(wù)員小姐叫了過去。C中advised的意思是建議。例句：We advised her that she (should) wait.我們勸她等。D中encouraged的意思是鼓勵，支持;例句：She encouraged him to talk to her.她鼓勵他與她交談。故選D。
14.A 題意：城市中心被炸彈攻陷。
句子中wiped out的意思是殲滅，攻陷。A中destroyed的意思是破壞，摧毀，消滅，殲滅;例句：What hesaid destroyed our last hope.他說的話摧毀了我們最后的希望。B中covered的意思是覆蓋，掩護(hù);例句：The highway was covered with snow.公路被雪覆蓋著。C中reduced的意思是減少，降低;例句：Heis trying to reduce expenses.他正試圖減少開支。D中moved的意思是移動，搬動;例句：That chair isin the way, move it please.那把椅子擋著路，請把它移開。故選A。
15.D 題意：風(fēng)暴造成了嚴(yán)重的損失。
句子中severe的意思是劇烈的，嚴(yán)重的。A中physical的意思是自然(界)的，物質(zhì)的;例句：There maybe a physical explanation for these strange happenings.這些奇怪現(xiàn)象也許有符合自然法則的解釋。B中accidental的意思是意外的，偶然(發(fā)生)的;例句：Breaking the vase was purelyaccidental;she did not mean to do it.打碎花瓶純粹是偶然失手;她無意弄壞它。C中environmental的意思是(個人)環(huán)境的，周圍的;例句：This is an extreme example, but in every case, theenvironmental factors affect delivery schedule and budget.這是一個極端的例子，但在每種情況下，環(huán)境因素都會影響交付計劃和預(yù)算。D中serious的意思是嚴(yán)肅的，嚴(yán)重的;例句：He fell off the treebut nothing serious happened.從樹上摔下來，但沒有出什么事。故選D。
第4部分：閱讀理解
第一篇
31.C 句意：這位震驚并激勵了世界上的人是因為……
根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句there was something quite exceptional about this woman可得知這位婦人有著非同尋常之處，由第二段第一、二句In the summer of 1995，McCarty gave $ 150，000, most ofthe money she had saved throughout her life, to the University of Southern Mississippi in herhometown. The money was to help other African Americans through university可知，這位婦人竟積攢了如此一大筆錢并將其捐獻(xiàn)。所以B項“她把錢給非裔美國人”是錯誤的。A項“她積攢了那么多錢”，這并不是她使人震驚和受到激勵的原因，而是她將畢生積蓄捐出這一行為令人佩服，所以C項“她將其畢生積蓄捐給學(xué)校來幫助別人”正確。D項“她只買便宜東西”，文中未提及，故選C。
32.B 句意：她能攢下這么大筆錢是因為……。
根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句和第三段She had started her savings habit as a young child …She led asimple, frugal existence，never spending on anything but her most basic needs. Her bank alsoadvised her on investing her hard-earned savings可知，她努力工作，努力存錢并謹(jǐn)慎投資。故B項正確。而第二段最后一句提及的是她小時候放學(xué)后做清潔和熨衣服賺錢，并沒有提到她一生都在做這種工作，所以A項錯誤。C項、D項說法都比較模糊不全面。故選B。
33.C 句意：她把錢財都捐了是因為……。
根據(jù)文章第四段第一、二句…the money to give children of limited means the opportunity to go touniversity. She had wanted to become a nurse, but had to leave school to look after ill relativesand work和第三句I’m giving it away so that children won’t have to work so hard, like I did可知，她希望別人有機(jī)會上大學(xué)而不必再像她那樣畢生操勞。所以C項正確。她捐出積蓄是為幫助非裔美國人，而不是幫助大學(xué)，故A項錯誤，B項說法文中未提及由第五段第一句She didn’t want any fuss made over hergift可知，她并不想為自己的捐獻(xiàn)而大驚小怪，博人眼球，所以D項錯誤。故選C。
34.C 句意：她的慷慨使人們……
根據(jù)文章第四段倒數(shù)第二句After news of her donation hit the media, over 600 donations weremade to the scholarship fund可知，受她事跡的感染，超過600人也慷慨解囊捐款，故C項正確。A項、B項和D項文中未提及。因此本題選C。
35.C 句意：Marcarty的慷慨說明________。
文章最后一句Her generosity was clearly an inspiration to many and proof that trueselflessness docs exist明確點出她的慷慨表明真正的無私是存在的，故可判斷C項正確。因此本題選C。
第二篇
36.B 題意：龐齊承諾每100美元一年給人們多少收益?
題中的關(guān)鍵字是$100，回原文查找，很容易找到第一段倒數(shù)第三、四句For example, a savings accountmight pay you $5 a year for every $ 100 you deposit. Ponzi, however, would pay you $ 40 ayear for every $100 you gave him to hold這說明100元存銀行只有5元的收益，但是龐齊卻給40元的收益。所以本題選B。
37.B 句意：當(dāng)人們把錢給龐齊的時候他是怎么做的?
關(guān)于龐齊如何處置別人給他的錢，文章第二段中第二句This is what he did with the money people gavehim： He used some of that money to pay other people who gave him money他把錢給另外給他錢的人。這也就是我們常說的拆東墻補(bǔ)西墻。所以本題選B。
38.D 句意：龐齊犯了什么罪?
本題的關(guān)鍵字是crime，在文章第二段找到相關(guān)句為本段最后一句They discovered his crime, and he wentto prison for fraud從中我們可以看到，他是因為詐騙入獄的。四個選項中D項他沒有給人們支付利息抵于詐騙，所以本題選D。
39.B 句意：麥道夫的騙局持續(xù)了多長時間?
文中關(guān)于年的語句很多，要仔細(xì)甄別。文章從第三段開始講述關(guān)于麥道夫的故事。第三段第五句Over aperiod of 40 years, people gave him $ 170 billion與題干相呼應(yīng)，即在超過40年的時間里，人們拱手給他送上1700億美元。所以本題選B。
40.A 句意：為什么麥道夫沒有必要出庭受審?
文中最后一段第二句He didn’t have to go on trial because he said he was guilty表明他沒有被審判是因為他自認(rèn)有罪。所以本題選A。
第三篇
41.D 題意：Jigme Singyc Wangchuck是誰?
根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句…a new ruler named King Jigme Siagye Wangchuck decided to helpBhutan to become modern可知，Wangchuck是一位新上任的國王。故選D。
42.D 題意：除了使不丹現(xiàn)代化，Wangchuck還希望為不丹做什么?
根據(jù)文章第一段最后一句".King Jigme Singye Wangchuck decided to help Bhutan to becomemodern, but without losing its traditions，說明Wangchuck不希望不丹丟掉其傳統(tǒng)，而第三段第三句They are happier when they can keep their traditional culture and customs也說明Wangchuck推行的GNH(國民幸福總值)政策中，如果能保持傳統(tǒng)文化和風(fēng)俗則國民會更幸福。故選D。
43.A 題意：一個國家進(jìn)步在GNP中體現(xiàn)為……。
根據(jù)文中第二段第三、四句The GNP measures products and money. When the number of productssold increases, people say the country is making progress可知，GNP用商品和金錢來衡量，賣出的商品越多，國家似乎越進(jìn)步。故選A。
44.C 題意：根據(jù)GNH，人民若……會更幸福。
文章第三段集中講述GNH，人們更幸福包括they have health care，education, and jobs;they live in ahealthy, protected environment; they can keep their traditional culture and customs; theyhave a good, stable government。由此可知C項正確。
45.D 題意：現(xiàn)在，很多國家……。
根據(jù)文章第五段第二、三句Many countries are now interested in Bhutan’s GNH. These countries areinvestigating their own ways to measure happiness可知，很多國家用自己的方式去衡量幸福。故選D。
第5部分：補(bǔ)全短文
46.B 句意：少年足球組織有低至5歲的足球隊。
本句前...kids are getting younger and younger. In some countries, children can compete...starting at age nine，而后面...swimming and gymnastics classes begin at age four，這些都在說低齡兒童參與體育項目。所以本處也要談低齡兒童和體育項目這類的內(nèi)容，很明顯補(bǔ)入B項的內(nèi)容后意思非常清晰。故選B。
47.E 句意：但是其他普通的孩子呢?
本句前面It’s true that a few of these kids will develop into highly skilled athletes and may evenbecome members of the national Olympic teams的a few指出了少部分孩子運(yùn)動競技成績好，此處筆鋒一轉(zhuǎn)，轉(zhuǎn)向大多數(shù)其他孩子。所以本句選E。
48.A 句意：調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)79%的年輕運(yùn)動員家長希望他們的孩子能夠?qū)Ｐ挠趶氖乱豁楏w育運(yùn)動。
此句前面Many parents pressure their kids to choose one sport and devote all their time to it，后面But 66 percent of the young athletes wanted to play more than one sport for fun，說明父母和孩子對待體育活動的態(tài)度不同，父母希望孩子能專注一項運(yùn)動，而孩子卻希望能從多項活動中獲得樂趣，將A項內(nèi)容補(bǔ)入后，進(jìn)一步說明父母的態(tài)度，正好與后面But—句形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以本題選A。
49.F 句意：幼小的孩童不懂為什么他們的父母把他們逼得那么緊。
本句前一句…most children don’t even understand the idea of competition until they are sevenyears old說明很多孩子直到7歲才能理解競賽的含義，補(bǔ)入F項內(nèi)容后進(jìn)一步說明幼小的孩子不明白競賽的含義，所以本題選F。
50.C 句意：他們中的很多人失去了對運(yùn)動的興趣。
此句前面70 percent of kids…quit before they turn eighteens說明研究結(jié)果，而后面Excessivecompetitiveness took away all the enjoyment說明過分強(qiáng)調(diào)競賽使人失去運(yùn)動的樂趣，所以此處選C項，補(bǔ)充前面的研究結(jié)果，且與后文形成遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。故選C。
第6部分：完形填空
51.B 此句是個省略系動詞的被動句。四個選項中A項count意為“看作”;B項expected意為“期待”;C項felt意為“感覺”;D項waited意為“等待”。count to be意為“算是，算作”，不符合文意，而C項D項氣候不可接to be。只有B項合適，表示“被(人)期待能成功”。所以本題選B。
52.C 本句結(jié)構(gòu)較為復(fù)雜，having someone around做主語，isn’t是系動詞，后面的部分是表語。而whoalways…the worst為修飾成分。此句意為：當(dāng)身邊有…最壞時可不是…。而下一句提供線索，有人在晴天看到一片云就大驚小怪說要下雨，所以此句應(yīng)選fear，意思是害怕最壞的事情發(fā)生。而A項worries,—般為worryabout sth.表示“擔(dān)憂某事”，B項cares，其后也要加about，表示“擔(dān)心，關(guān)心”，而D項doubts意為“懷疑”，不符合文意。故本題選C。
53.D 承接第52題，此處a lot of…應(yīng)該起到形容詞的作用。根據(jù)文意，此處意思是不爽，不舒服。A項amusement意為“娛樂”;B項play意為“玩樂”;C項意為“樂趣”，但表示很多樂趣常用的是a lot of fun。所以此處選D。
54.D look like，常用搭配，表示“看起來像”。所以選D。
55.C do something about it是英文里的常用說法，表示做點什么(來改善)。這一段主要是說如果你看見天上哪怕只有一片云彩也要覺得要下雨了(表示極度悲觀)，你真要做點什么來改變這種情況了。所以本題選C。
56.B according to意為“根據(jù)…”。judge to sb.一般表示審判某人，concern一般接with，不接to,follow是及物動詞。所以此題選B。
57.A as a result常用說法，意思是“結(jié)果，因此”本句意為：只要你稍稍努力，就會發(fā)現(xiàn)生活更有價值。因此本題選A。
58.C 本句意為：樂觀是一種看待生活更積極的方式以及由此所帶給你的一切益處。從字面上看，supply有“提供”的意思，但做動詞時一般接with.表示提供物料，一般指具體的實物，而offer指“提出，提供，呈現(xiàn)”，表示向別人提供可接受也可拒絕的某物，用法更為廣泛，可用來指抽象的東西;所以此處選C。
59.B 本句意為：樂觀主義者更有可能開展新項目。be likely to do sth.意為“更有可能”。likely此處是形容詞。possible—般不以人為主語。所以此題選B。
60.B 本句意為：教養(yǎng)顯然對人看待世界的態(tài)度影響重大。因為全文講樂觀，這本來就是一個態(tài)度命題，所以選B項attitude。而A項opinion與C項view都不可與to連用，一般為opinion of/a bout，view of表示意見，觀點等。而D項position指對看法有分歧的問題所表示較冷靜和節(jié)制的態(tài)度，常常是經(jīng)認(rèn)真考慮后決定的。因此本題選B。
61.C 本題要選擇和on搭配的詞語。四個選項中只有depend on能組合，意為“依靠”。本句意為在長大成人過程中太依賴于別人的一些人。A項trust, —般直接接賓語sb.，表示“信任某人”，而B項believe, —般為believe in sb/sth.表示“信任某人/相信某事”，D項hope, —般后面帶不定式to do或者接that引導(dǎo)的從句。因此本題選C。
62.A go wrong常用搭配，意為“出錯，出毛病，出故障”。本句意為：有些人在成長過程中很依賴別人，當(dāng)事情出錯時就會責(zé)怪他人。因此本題選A。
63.C on the other hand=on the other aspect意為“另一方面”，一般前面是on one hand，然后會接on the other hand，而文章前面一句已經(jīng)說明那些在成長過程中依賴別人的人面對事情出錯時的態(tài)度，此處則開始談樂觀主義者們的處事方式。所以此題選C。
64.A regard…as…為常用搭配，意為“把…看作…”。本句的意思是不把失敗看作是世界末日。因此本題選A。
65.B A項get up意為“起床”;B項get on意為“上車，向前進(jìn)”;C項get out意為“離去，出去”;D項getover意為“克服"。本句的意思是那些在不把失敗看作世界末日環(huán)境中成長起來的人在事情出錯時只是繼續(xù)過自己的日子，所以選B。
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