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2013職稱英語衛(wèi)生類B試題解析（4）
The Ice Man
On a September day in 1991, two Germans were climbing the mountain between Austria and Italy. High up on a mountain pass, they found the body of a man lying on the ice. At that height (10,499 feet, or 3,200 meters) , the ice is usually permanent, but 1991 had been an especially warm year. The mountain ice had melted more than just .usual and so the body had come to the surface.
It was lying face down. The skeleton(骨架) was in perfect condition, except for a wound in the head. There was still skin on the bones and the remains of some clothes. The hands were still holding the wooden handle of an ax and on the feet there were very simple leather and cloth boots. Nearby was a pair of gloves made of tree bark(樹皮) and a holder for arrows.
Who was the man? How and when had he died? Everybody had a different answer to these questions. Some people thought that it was from this century, perhaps the body of a soldier who died in World War I, since several soldier had already been found in the area. A Swiss woman believed it might be her father, who had died in those mountains twenty years before and whose body had never been found. The scientists who rushed to look at the body thought it was probably much older,maybe even a thousand years old.
With modern dating techniques, the scientists soon learned that the iceman was about 5,300 years old. Born in about 3300 B. C. he lived during the Bronze Age in Europe. At first scientists thought he was probably a hunter who had died from an accident in the high mountains. More recent evidence, however, tells a different story. A new kind of X-ray shows an arrowhead still stuck in his shoulder. It left only a tiny hole in his skin, but it caused internal damage and bleeding. He almost certainly died from this wound, and not from the wound on the back of his head. This means that the was probably in some kind of battle. It may have been part of a large war, or he may have been fighting bandits. He may even have been a bandit himself.
By studying his clothes and tools, scientists have already learned a great deal from the Iceman about the times he lived in. we may never know the full story of how he died, but he has given us important clues to the history of those distant times.
1. The body of the Iceman was found in the mountains mainly because
A. the melted ice made him visible
B. two Germans were climbing the mountains
C. he was lying on the ice
D. he was just on a mountain pass
2. What can be inferred from paragraph 2?
A. The Iceman was killed while working.
B. The Iceman lived a poor life.
C. The Iceman could have died from the wound in the head.
D. The Iceman was struck dead from behind.
3. All the following are assumptions once made about the Iceman EXCEPT .
A. he was a soldier in World War I
B. he was a Swiss woman's long-lost father
C. he was born about a thousand years ago
D. he came from Italy
4. The scientists made the deduction that the Iceman '
A. was hit in the shoulder by an arrowhead .
B. was probably in some kind of a battle
C. had got a wound on the back of his head
D. had a tiny hole in his skin causing his death
5. The word"bandits" in paragraph 4 could be best replaced by
A. robbers
B. soldiers
C. hunters
D. shooters
參考譯文及答案：
冰人
1991年9月的一天，兩個德國人正在攀登位于奧地利和意大利之間的山脈，在山上一處要隘發(fā)現(xiàn)了一具躺在冰上的尸體。在那個高度（10，499英尺，3，200米），山上是常年結(jié)冰的，但是1991年特別溫暖。山上的冰比往年融化得多，因此尸體就出現(xiàn)在冰面上了。
這具尸體面部朝下。除了頭上的傷外，骨骼很完整。骨頭上仍然保留著皮膚和衣物的殘留。手上攥著一把斧頭的木頭把，腳上還穿著皮革布料制成的靴子。旁邊還有一雙樹皮制成的手套和一個箭托。
這人是誰？他怎么樣死的？何時死的？每個人對這些問題都有不同的回答。一些人認為這是本世紀死于第一次世界大戰(zhàn)的士兵的尸體，因為這一區(qū)域有好幾個士兵的尸體被發(fā)現(xiàn)了。
一位瑞士婦女認為那人是她父親，他二十多年前死于這片山巒上而且尸體從未被找到過。蜂擁而至查看這具尸體的科學家們認為它的年代更久遠，也許有一千多年了。
用現(xiàn)代斷代技術(shù)，科學家們很快就發(fā)現(xiàn)這個冰人大約有5，300歲了。冰人生于公元前3300年，他生活在青銅器時代的歐洲。最初，科學家們認為他可能是一位死于高山上一場意外的獵戶。然而更多的證據(jù)卻顯示了一個完全不同的故事。一種新型的X射線顯示他的肩膀上仍然插著一個箭頭。它僅在他的皮膚上留下了微小的孔，但是卻導致體內(nèi)損傷和出血。
基本上肯定他是由于這個傷口致死，而不是死于頭后部的傷口。這表明他可能死于某場戰(zhàn)斗中。也許這是一場大戰(zhàn)役的一部分，或者他是死于同強盜搏斗中。他甚至可能本身就是一個強盜。
通過研究他的衣物和工具，科學家們得到了很多關(guān)于他生活的年代的信息。雖然我們永遠都不會知道他是如何死的，但是他卻已經(jīng)讓我們了解了很多關(guān)于那個遙遠年代的重要歷史線索。
1.A [解析]第一段最后一句提到：山里的積雪比平時融化得多一些，因此尸體就顯露出來了。
2.C[解析]第二段提到：除了頭部一處傷以外，骨架保存完好。這里是在暗示該冰人死于頭上的傷，因為其他身體部位都是完好的。
3.D[解析]第三段后三句分別提到了A、B、C選項的內(nèi)容，唯獨D選項的內(nèi)容沒有提及。
4.B [解析]根據(jù)是第四段的倒數(shù)第三句：This means that the was probably in some kind of battle，
5.A [解析]bandit -詞的意思是：強盜，土匪，因此選robber和它意思上最為接近。
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