- 相關(guān)推薦
2013職稱英語(yǔ)衛(wèi)生類B試題解析5
Holding on to hope may not make patients happier as they deal with chronic illness or diseases, according to a new study by University of Michigan Health System researchers.
" Hope is an important part of happiness, "said Peter A. Ubel, M. D. director of the U-M Center for Behavioral and Decision Sciences in Medicine and one of the authors of the happily hopeless study, "but there's a dark side of hope. Sometimes, if hope makes people put off getting on with their life, it can get in the way of happiness. "
The results showed that people do not adapt well to situations if they are believed to be shortterm. Ubel and his co-authors-both from U-M and Carnegie Mellon University-studied patients who had new colostomies: their colons were removed and they had to have bowel movements in a pouch that lies outside their body.
At the time they received their colostomy, some patients were told that the colostomy was reversible-that they would undergo a second operation to reconnect their bowels after several months. Others were told that the colostomy was permanent and that they would never have normal bowel function again. The second group-the one without hope-reported being happier over the next six months than those with reversible colostomies.
"We think they were happier because they got on with their lives. They realized the cards they were dealt, and recognized that they had no choice but to play with those cards," says Ubel, who is also a professor in the Department of Intemal Medicine.
"The other group was waiting for their colostomy to be reversed, " he added. "They contrasted their current life with the life they hoped to lead, and didn't make the best of their current situation. "
"Hopeful messages may not be in the best interests of the patient and may interfere with the patient's emotional adaptation, " Ubel says."I don't think we should take hope away. But I think we have to be careful about building up people's hope so much that they put off living their lives. "
1. Chronically ill patients may be happier
A. if they keep thinking of their past
B. if they believe they'Il recover
C. if they put off moving on
D. if they manage to get on with their life
2. What had happened to the patients under study?
A. They had just survived an accident.
B. They had just had an operation.
C. They had just injured their colons.
D. They had just made some pouches.
3. One group of the patients was happier because
A. they made the best of their current situation
B. they were good at playing cards
C. they regained normal bowel function
D. they were promised another operation
4. The other group was not as happy because .
A. they accepted their current situation
B. they were anxious to get better
C. they missed their previous life
D. they refused to play cards
5. What could be the message of the passage?
A. Giving up hope means giving up happiness.
B. Letting go of hope is at times a better choice.
C. Hope is what makes people on.
D. Hope frequently gets in the way of happiness.
參考譯文及答案：
1.D [解析]第二段的最后一句：Sometimes，if hope makes people put off getting on with their life，it can get in the way of happiness.有時(shí)候，如果希望使人們不能適應(yīng)自己的生活，那么希望就會(huì)阻礙幸福。也就是說(shuō)，當(dāng)人們能適應(yīng)自己的生活時(shí)，就會(huì)更幸福。第五段也提到We think they were happier because they got on with their lives.因此選D。
2.B [解析]第三段說(shuō)…studied patients who had new colostomies…colostomy是結(jié)腸造口手術(shù)。因此B是正確答案。
3.A[解析]第五段說(shuō)覺(jué)得幸福的那組"We think they were happier because they got on with their lives."第六段說(shuō)不幸福的那組"They contrasted their current life with the Iife they hoped to lead，and didn't make the best of their current situation."因此答案應(yīng)為A。
4.B [解析]答案所在段是第六段"The other group was waiting for their colostomy to be reversed,"he added."They contrasted their current life with the life they hoped to lead, and didn't make the best of their current situation."由此可見(jiàn)，不幸福的原因是B。
5.B [解析]該題目是文章主旨題。本文的中心是說(shuō)希望不一定都能帶來(lái)幸福，要能面對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)，適應(yīng)不幸，才會(huì)更幸福。A項(xiàng)civing up hope means glving up happiness.和C項(xiàng)Hope is what makes people move on.都與本文主旨不符。D項(xiàng)Hope frequently gets in the way of happiness中frequently(經(jīng)常地)使用不當(dāng)，該命題是錯(cuò)誤的。B項(xiàng)Letting go of hope is at timesa better choice.符合本文主題。
參考譯文
密歇根州立大學(xué)衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)研究人員的一個(gè)研究表明，對(duì)慢性病人來(lái)說(shuō)，抱有希望或許并不能使病人更快樂(lè)。
行為與決策醫(yī)學(xué)U-M中心主任，快樂(lè)無(wú)望研究的作者之一，Peter A.Ubel M.D說(shuō)："希望是快樂(lè)的一個(gè)重要部分，但是希望有一個(gè)灰暗面。有時(shí)候，如果希望使人們不能適應(yīng)自己的生活，那么希望就會(huì)阻礙幸福。"
這個(gè)結(jié)果顯示，如果人們認(rèn)為目前的處境是短期的，人們就不容易適應(yīng)它。來(lái)自卡內(nèi)基梅隆大學(xué)的Ubel和他的合作者研究剛做完結(jié)腸造口術(shù)的病人發(fā)現(xiàn)，他們的結(jié)腸被移除，并且他們不得不排便于一個(gè)身體外面的袋子里。
在他們做結(jié)腸造口手術(shù)的時(shí)候，一些病人被告知這個(gè)手術(shù)是可逆的--他們將在數(shù)月后接受第二次手術(shù)，重新建立正常的大便通道。而另外一些病人被告知這個(gè)手術(shù)是永久的，他們以后將再也沒(méi)有正常的大便功能。報(bào)道稱，第二組，就是沒(méi)有希望的那組，在之后的六個(gè)多月里比要做可逆結(jié)腸造口手術(shù)的那組更快樂(lè)。
身兼內(nèi)科醫(yī)學(xué)通訊員教授的Ubel說(shuō)："我們認(rèn)為第二組比較快樂(lè)是因?yàn)樗麄冞m應(yīng)了自己的生活。他們認(rèn)識(shí)到自己手里的牌，并且知道除了玩這些牌沒(méi)有其他選擇余地。"
他同時(shí)補(bǔ)充道："第一組在等待他們的結(jié)腸造口手術(shù)被扭轉(zhuǎn)，他們總是拿現(xiàn)在的生活和他們想要的生活作比較，沒(méi)有很好地適應(yīng)現(xiàn)在的情況。"
Ubel說(shuō)："希望不一定給患者帶來(lái)最大的利益，它可能會(huì)干擾患者情緒的適應(yīng)性，我認(rèn)為我們不該放棄希望。但是我們?cè)趲椭鷦e人建立希望時(shí)應(yīng)該倍加小心，如果希望過(guò)大，他們就不能過(guò)真正屬于自己的生活。"
http://www.fuchuonang.cn/【職稱英語(yǔ)衛(wèi)生類B試題解析5】相關(guān)文章：
2013職稱英語(yǔ)衛(wèi)生類B試題解析（2）07-15
2013職稱英語(yǔ)衛(wèi)生類B試題解析（3）07-15
2013職稱英語(yǔ)衛(wèi)生類B試題解析（4）07-15
2013職稱英語(yǔ)衛(wèi)生類B試題解析（6）07-15
2005年職稱英語(yǔ)考試衛(wèi)生類(B級(jí))試題及答案08-08
2006年職稱英語(yǔ)考試衛(wèi)生類(B級(jí))試題及答案08-01
2007年職稱英語(yǔ)考試衛(wèi)生類(B級(jí))試題及答案07-23