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職稱英語考試2006年全真模擬試題衛(wèi)生類B級(二)
第一部分：詞匯選擇(第1-15題，每題1分，共15分)
下面共有15句子，每個句子均有一個詞或短語劃有底橫線，請從每個句子后面所給的四個選項中選擇一個與劃線部分意義最相近的詞或短語。答案一律涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。
1. The government is debating the education laws.
A) discussing B) defeating C) delaying D) declining
2. They had a far better yield than any other farm miles away around this year.
A) goods B) soil
C) climate D) harvest
3. The city has decided to do away with all the old buildings in its center.
A) get rid of B) set up
C) repair D) paint
4.During the past ten years there have been dramatic changes in the international situation.
A) permanent B) powerful
C) striking D) practical
5. Since the Great Depression, the United States government has protected farmers from damaging drops in grain prices.
A) slight B) surprising C) sudden D) harmful
6. Cement was seldom used in building the Middle Ages.
A) crudely B) rarely C) originally D)occasionally
7. There is an abundant supply of cheap labor in this country.
A) a steady B) a plentiful C) an extra D) a stable
8. The most crucial problem any economic system faces is how to use its scarce resources.
A)puzzling B) difficult C) terrifying D) urgent
9. He made an immense amount of money in business.
A)large B) small C) limited D) little
10. The substance can be added to gasoline to accelerate the speed of automobiles.
A) quicken B)shorten C) loosen D) enlarge
11. We should never content ourselves with a little book knowledge only.
A) convince B)satisfy C) comfort D) benefit
12. We should contemplated the problem from all sides
A) deliberated B)thought C) described D) designed
13. His health had deteriorated while he was in prison.
A) became better B)became worse C) became stronger D) became weaker
14. I meant to give you this book today, but I forgot.
A) intended to B)tended to C) extended to D) pretended to
15. As a matter of fact， I love soft music more than popular music.
A) basically B)probably C) actually D) accurately
第二部分：閱讀判斷(每題1分，共七分)
閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后列出了七個句子，請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對每個句子作出判斷。如果該句提供的是正確信息，請在答題卡上把A涂黑;如果該句提供的是錯誤信息，請在答題卡上把B涂黑;如果該句的信息文章中沒有提及，請在答題卡上把C涂黑
Irradiating Food
Irradiating fruits, vegetables, pork and chicken to kill insects and bacteria has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration over the past decade or so. Irradiation of other meats, such as beef and lamb, is being reviewed. Federal approval does not require that industry adopt the process, and few food processors presently offer irradiated products.
Market studies have shown that many consumers are afraid that eating irradiated foods may cause cancer, despite scientific studies that prove the safety of treated foods. Some people argue that more severe government inspection, higher food-safety standards, and more careful-preparation practices by consumers are all that is needed to ensure that food is safe. Consequently, companies currently see no need to spend millions of dollars outfitting processing plants with the equipment necessary for a process that very few shoppers are in favor of.
All supermarkets that sell irradiated food must label the food either directly on the packaging, or, in the case of bulk items like fruits and vegetables, by placing a sign nearby. There is no requirement for the labeling of irradiated food served by chain restaurants or hospitals that buy directly from distributors, nor any regulations for products that contain irradiated ingredients.
Presently, the FDA allows food to be treated with three types of radiation -- gamma rays, high-energy electrons, and X rays -- and sets limits on doses, depending on the type of food. The principle is that the dose to be used for a certain type of food should not exceed the amount that is sufficient to kill most harmful insects and bacteria present in it. Different types of food, because of their molecular compositions, may require different doses of radiation.
1. According to the passage, killing insects and bacteria present in foods by irradiating is not completely approved by the US government.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
2. There are quite a number of food processors which are interested in producing irritated foods.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
3. Some consumers are doubtful of the safety of irradiated foods and suggest a more severe government inspection be taken.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
4. Some companies foresee the promising future of setting up food processing factories, although they do not see the need now.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
5. It is required that labels placed on irradiated food or nearby bulk items such as vegetables and fruits should indicate irradiated ingredients.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
6. Restaurants can serve irradiated food bought directly from distributors without labeling it.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
7. The passage tells us that FDA approves irradiating food to some extent but irradiated food is not widely accepted.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
第三部分：概括大意與完成句子 (每題1分，共8分)
閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后有2項測試任務(wù)：(1)1---4 題要求從所給的6個選項中為第2--5 段每段選擇1個正確的小標(biāo)題;(2)第5--8題要求從所給的6個選項中選擇4個正確的選項，分別完成每個句子。請將答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。
Soot and Snow：a Hot Combination
l New research from NASA scientists suggests emissions of black soot alter the way sunlight reflects off snow.According to a computer simulation，black soot may be responsible for 25 percent of observed global warming over the past century.
2 Soot in the higher latitudes of the Earth。where ice is more common，absorbs more of the sun’s energy and warmth than an icy, white background.Dark-colored black carbon，or soot，absorbs sunlight，while lighter colored ice reflects sunlight.
3 Soot in areas with snow and ice may play all important role in climate change.Als0，if snow and ice covered areas begin melting。the warming effect increases，as the soot becomes more concentrated on the snow surface.“This provides a positive feedback，as glaciers and ice sheet smelt,they tend to get even dirtier,” said Dr.James Hansen，a researcher at NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies，NewYork.
4 Hansen found soot’s effect on snow albedo(solar energy reflected back to space)，which may be contributing to trends toward early springs in the Northern Hemisphere，such as thinning Arctic sea ice，melting glaciers and permafrost.Soot also is believed to play a role in changes in the atmosphere above the oceans and land.
5 “Black carbon reduces the amount of energy reflected by snow back into space，thus heating the snow surface more than if there were no black carbon~，”Hansen said.Soot’s increased absorption of solar energy is especially effective in warming the world’s climate. “This forcing is unusually effective，causing twice as much global warming as a carbon.dioxide forcing of the same magnitude，”Hansen noted.
6 Hansen cautioned.although the role of soot in altering global climate is substantial，it does not alter the fact that greenhouse gases are the primary cause of climate warming during the past century.Such gases are expected to be the largest climate forcing f10r也e rest of this century.
7 The researchers found that observed warming in the Northern Hemisphere was 1arge in the winter and spring at middle and high latitudes.These observations were consistent with the researchers’ climate model simulations，which showed some of the largest warming effects occurred when there were heavy snow cover and sufficient sunlight.
詞匯：
soot n.煤煙，煤灰
emission n.釋放，散發(fā)，排放
simulation v.模擬
latitude n.緯度
glacier n.冰川，冰河
albedo n.反照率
permafrost n.永凍層
forcing n.溫室作用
dioxide n.二氧化物
magnitude n.量，大小
練習(xí)：
1.Paragraph 3____________
2.Paragraph 4____________
3.Paragraph 6____________
4.Paragraph 7____________
5.In the twentieth century，soot____________
6.Hansen cautioned that greenhouse gases____________
7. Black soot covered snow and ice____________
8.A soot forcing is unusually effective，which____________
第四部分：閱讀理解(每題3分，共45分)
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每道題后面有4個選項。請仔細(xì)閱讀短文并根據(jù)短文回答其后面的問題，從4個選項中選擇1個最佳答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。
第1篇
Medical Journals
Medical journals are publications that report medical information to physicians and other health professionals.
In the past，these journals were available only in print.With the development of electronic publishing，many medical journals now have Web sites on the Internet，and some journals publish only online.A few medical journals，like the Journal of the American Medical Association，are considered general medical journals because they cover many fields of medicine.Most medical journals are specialty journals that focus on a particular area of medicine.
Medical journals publish many types of articles.Research articles report the results of research studies on a range of topics varying from the basic mechanisms of diseases to clinical trials that compare outcomes of different treatments.Review articles summarize and analyze the information available on a specific topic based on a careful search of the medical literature.
Because the results of individual research studies can be affected by many factors，combining results from different studies on the same topic can be helpful in reaching conclusions about the scientific evidence for preventing，diagnosing or treating a particular disease.Case conferences and case reports may be published in medical journals to educate physicians about particular illnesses and how to treat at them.Editorials in medical journals are short essays that express the views of the authors，often regarding a research or review article published in the same issue.
Editorials provide perspective on how the current article fits with other information on the same topic.Letters to the editor provide a way for readers of the medical journal to express comments， questions or criticisms about articles published in that journal.
1. The main readers of medical journals are
A)the general public.
B1healthprofessionals. ，
C)medical critics.
D、news reporters.
2. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A) Many medical journals also publish online.
B)A few medical journals are general medical journals.
C)Most medical journals publish only online.
D)Most medical journals are specialty journals.
3. How many major types of articles are mentioned in the passage?
A、Five.
B)Seven.
C)Four.
D)Six.
4. An article dealing with results from different studies on the same topic is called
A)a research article.
B)a review article.
C)a case report.
D)an editorial.
5.Letters to the editor enable readers of a medical journal to express comments on
A)any medical event.
B) articles published in the same issue.
C)articles published in that journal
D)medical development.
第2篇
Common Problems, Common Solutions
The chances are that you made up your mind about smoking a long time ago --- and decided it's not for you.
The chances are equally good that you know a lot of smokers -- there are, after all about 60 million of them, work with them, and get along with them very well.
And finally it's a pretty safe bet that you're open-minded and interested in all the various issues about smokers and nonsmokers -- or you wouldn't be reading this.
And those three things make you incredibly important today.
Because they mean that yours is the voice -- not the smoker's and not the anti-smoker's --that will determine how much of society's efforts should go into building walls that separate us and how much into the search for solutions that bring us together.
For one tragic result of the emphasis on building walls is the diversion of millions of dollars from scientific research on the causes and cures of diseases which, when all is said and done, still strike the nonsmoker as well as the smoker. One prominent health organization, to cite but a single instance, now spends 28 cents of every publicly contributed dollar on " education " (much of it in anti-smoking propaganda) and only 2 cents on research.
There will always be some who want to build walls, who want to separate people from people, and up to a point, even these may serve society. The anti-smoking wall-builders have, to give them their due, helped to make us all more keenly aware of choice.
But our guess, and certainly our hope, is that you are among the far greatest number who know that walls are only temporary at best, and that over the long run, we can serve society's interest better by working together in mutual accommodation.
Whatever virtue walls may have, they can never move our society toward fundamental solutions. People who work together on common problems, common solutions, can.
1. What does the word " wall " used in the passage mean?
A) Anti-smoking propaganda.
B) Diseases striking nonsmokers as well as smokers.
C) Rules and regulations that prohibit smoking.
D) Separation of smokers from nonsmokers.
2. In paragraph 4, " you " refers to
A) smokers.
B) nonsmokers.
C) anti-smokers.
D) smokers who have quitted smoking.
3. It is evident that the author is not in favor of
A) building a wall between smokers and nonsmokers.
B) doing scientific research at the expense of one's health.
C) bringing smokers and nonsmokers together.
D) proving accommodation for smokers.
4. As is suggested, the common solution to the common problem is
A) to separate people from people.
B) to work together in mutual accommodation.
C) to make us more keenly aware of choice.
D) to serve society's interests better.
5. According to the passage, the writer looks upon the anti-smoking wall-builders' actions
A) optimistically.
B) pessimistically.
C)unconcernedly.
D) skeptically.
第3篇
Eady or Later Day Care
The British psychoanalyst John Bowlby maintains that separation from the parems during
The sensitive“attachment”period from birth to three may scar a child’s personality and
I premspose to emotional problems in later life.Some people have drawn the conclusion from
Bowlby’s work that children should not be subjected to day care before the age of three because of the parental separation it entails，and many people do believe this.But there are also arguments against such a strong conclusion. Firstly，anthropologists point out that the insulated love affair between children and parems;found in modem societies does not usually exist in traditional societies.For example，in some tribal societies，such as the Ngoni，the father and mother of a child did not rear their infant alone—far from it'.Secondly，common sense tells US that day care would not be so widespread today if parents
care-takers found children had problems with it.Statistical studies of this kind have not yet been carried out，and even if they were，the results would be certain to be complicated and controversial.Thirdly.in the last decade there have been a number of careful American studies of children in day care，and they have uniformly reported that day care had a neural or slighfly positive effect on children’S development.But tests that have had to be used to measure this development are not widely enough accepted to settle the issue.
But Bowlby’S analysis raises the possibility that early day care has delayed effects.The possibility that such care might 1cad tO，say，more mental illness or crime 15 or 20 years later Callonly be explored by the use of statistics.Whatever the long—term effects，parents sometimes find the immediate effects difficult to deal with。.Children under three are likely to protest at leaving their parents and show unhappiness.At the age of three or three and a half almost all children find the transition to nursery easy，and this is undoubtedly why more and more parents make use of child care at this time.The matter，then，is far from clear-cuff，though experxence and available evidence indicate that earl care is reasonable for lnfants.
詞匯：
psychoanalyst n.精神分析學(xué)家一心理分析學(xué)家 insulate vt.隔絕
rear vt.撫養(yǎng) predispose引起易感性
care taker n.照顧者，看管人 entail/in。tell/vt.蘊涵
infant n.嬰兒 anthropologist n.人類學(xué)家
練習(xí)：
1. Which of the following statements would Bowlby support?
A)Statistical studies should be carried out to assess the positive effect of day car
for children at the age of three or older.
B)Early day care can delay the occurrence of mental illness in children.
C)The first three years of one’s life is extremely important to the later developmentof
personality.
D)Children under three get used to the life at nursery schools more readily than children
over three
2. Which of the following is derivable from Bowlby’S work?
A)Mothers should not send their children to day care centers before the age of three.
B)Day care nurseries have positive effects on a child’S development.
C)A child sent to a day care center before the age of three may have emotional problems
in laterlife.
D)Daycarewouldnotbe SOpopularffithasnoticeablenegativeeffects onachild，Spersonality.
3. It is suggested that modem societies differ from traditional societies in that
A)the parents—child relationship is more exclusive in modem societies.
B)a child more often grows up with his(her brothers or sisters in traditional societies.
C)mother brings up children with the help of her husband in traditional societies.
D)children in modem societies are more likely to develop mental illness in later years
4. Which of the following statements is NOT an argument against Bowlby,s theonr?
A)Many studies show that day care has a positive effect on children’S development.
B)The fact that there are so many nursery schools today shows that day care is safe.
C)The separation of young children from their parents is common in some traditional
societies.
D)Parentsfindtheimmediate effects ofearlyday caredifficultto dealwith.
5 Which of the following best expresses the writer’S attitude towards early day care?
A)Children under three should stay with their parents.
B)Early day care has positive effects on children’s development.
C)The issue is controversial and its settlement calls for the use of statistics.
D)Theeffectsofearlydaycareon children areexaggeratedandparents shouldignoretheissue.
第五部分：補全短文(每題2分，共10分)
閱讀下面的短文，文章中有5處空白，文章后有6組文字，請根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容選擇5組文字，將其分別放會文章原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。請將答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置。
Why do people shrink?
Did you ever see the movie Honey, I shrunk the kids? It's about a wacky dad (who's also a scientist) who accidentally shrinks his kids with his homemade miniaturizing invention. Oops! ____1____.
For older people, shrinking isn't that dramatic or sudden at all. It takes place over years and may add up to only one inch or so off of their adult height (maybe a little more, maybe less), and this kind of shrinking can't be magically reversed, although there are things that can be done to stop it or slow it down. ___2___.
There are a few reasons. As people get older, they generally lose some muscle and fat from their bodies as part of the natural aging process. Gravity (the force that keeps your feet on the ground) take hold, and the bones in the spine, called vertebrae, may break down or degenerate, and start to collapse into one another. ___3___. But perhaps the most common reason why some older people shrink is because of osteoporosis.
Osteoporosis occurs when too much spongy bone tissue (which is found inside of most bones) is broken down and not enough new bone material is made. ___4___. Bones become smaller and weaker and can easily break if someone with osteoporosis is injured. Older people --especially women, who generally have smaller and lighter bones to begin with -- are more likely to develop osteoporosis. As years go by, a person with osteoporosis shrinks a little bit.
Did you know that every day you do a shrinking act? You aren't as tall at the end of the day as you are at the beginning. That's because as the day goes on, water in the disks of the spine gets compressed (squeezed) due to gravity, making you just a tiny bit shorter. Don't worry, though. ___5___.
A. They end up pressing closer together, which makes a person lose a little height and become shorter.
B. Once you get a good night's rest, your body recovers, and the next morning, you're standing tall again.
C. Over time, bone is said to be lost because it's not being replaced.
D. Luckily, there are things that people can do to prevent shrinking.
E. The kids spend the rest of the movie as tiny people who are barely visible while trying to get back to their normal size.
F. But why does shrinking happen at all?
第六部分：完型填空 (每題1分，共15分)
閱讀下面的短文，文中有15處空白，每處空白給出了4個選項，請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容從4個選項中選擇1個最佳答案，并涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。
Something Men Do Not Like to Do
Eric Brown hates shopping.“It’S just not enjoyable to me，”said the 28.year.old.Chicagoman
who was carrying several shopping bags along the city’S main street，Michigan Avenue.“When
I, m out____1___，I basically know what 1 want to get.I rush in.I buy it.I___2___’
Common wisdom says that guys hate to shop.You Can ask generations of men.But people
who study shopping say that a number of social，cultural and economic factors are now
___3___this“men-hate,to-shop”notion.-
“___4___social class，ethnicity,age—men say they hate to shop，”says Sharon Zukin，
a City University of New York sociology professor.“Yet when you ask them deeper questionsit
turns out that they___5___tO shop.Men generally like to shop for___6___，music and
hardware.But if you ask them about the shopping they do for books or music，they’11 say
‘Well' that’S not shopping.That’s ___7___…
In other words，what men and women call“buying things’’and how they approach thattask
are ___8____
Women will___ 9___ through several 1,000.square.metre stores in search 0f the perfect
party dress.Men will wander through 100 Interuet sites in search of the___lO___digital
camcorder.
Women see shopping as a social event.Men see it as a mission or a___11___to be won.
“Men are frequently shopping to win，’’says Mary Ann McGrath，a marketing professorat
Loyola University of Chicago.“They want to get the best deal.They want to get the bestone，
Thelast one and if they do that it__12__them happy.”
When women shop，“they’re doing it in a way where they want__l3__ to be very
happy,”says McGrath.“They’re kind of2shopping for love.”
In fact。it is in clothing where we see a male-female__14__most clearly.Why,
grumble some men，are all male clothes navy，grey,black or brown?But would they wear 1ight
green andpink?
These days，many guys wear a sort of“uniform”，says Paco Underhill，author of“Why We Bye”,“It’S been hard for them to understand what it means to be fashion.Conscious in a business way. It becomes much，much easier if you__15__your range of choices.”
詞匯：
guy n.家伙，伙計
wander n.漫游，閑游
mission n.任務(wù)，使命
grumble n.抱怨，發(fā)牢騷
ethnicity n.種族特點
camcorder n.攝像放像機
deal n.交易
練習(xí)：
1.A)playing B)fishing C)shopping D)travelling
2.A)get out B)stay in C)look round D)move about
3。A)confirming. B)challenging C)proving D)supporting
4.A)Regardless of B)Becauseof C)Owingto D)Thanksto
5.A)want B)like C)hate D)hope
6.A)coats B)pants C)socks D)books
7.A)relaxation B)rest C)exercise D)，research
8.A)similar B)inclusive C)contradictory D)diffe：rent
9.A)wander B)go C)walk D)run
10.A)cheap B)fashionable C)presentable D)perfect
11.A)task B)play C)game D)destination
12.A)brings B)causes C)makes D)keeps
13.A)everybody B)nobody C)anybody D)no one
14.A)competition B)comparison C)division D)confrontation
15.A)broaden B)expand C)extend D)narrow
第一部分：詞匯選擇(第1-15題，每題1分，共15分)
下面共有15句子，每個句子均有一個詞或短語劃有底橫線，請從每個句子后面所給的四個選項中選擇一個與劃線部分意義最相近的詞或短語。答案一律涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。
1.A. 分析：根據(jù)句意(“政府正在..教育法”)排除B(搭配詞義不通順)，C和D(C和D都通常和進(jìn)行時態(tài)連用)。debate: vt, vi討論，爭論;discuss : vt談?wù)?討論;商討(with sb. );delay: vt, vi, n. 推遲;延緩 ;Decline: vt, vi下降;下滑;下傾
2. D。分析：在該句中yield 是用作名詞(因為該詞的前面有不定冠詞a)，分析：抓住句子中與劃線部分相關(guān)的結(jié)構(gòu)或用詞特點：能與不定冠詞a搭配使用的被選項只有C和D(氣候，傾向， 風(fēng)氣，如：a mild climate溫和的氣候)。再借助句子中其他特征詞：farm，判斷harvest“收成”是答案。該句含義是“這一年中他們的收成要比數(shù)英里以外的其他任何農(nóng)場的收成都好得多。”Yield: vt, vi出產(chǎn), (常與to連用)放棄;投降;讓步 n. 產(chǎn)量;收成
3.A。分析：劃線短語是動詞短語，對于該短語的語義有兩種查找方法：1。利用動詞do，直接在字典中查找do away with 這個短語的語義。不難得出該短語的語義是“去掉”，所以A是答案;2。利用該短語中的詞義推測：away是“離開”，而備選項中： set up是“建立”， repair是“修理”， paint 是“油漆, 描繪”，都與“離開”無關(guān)，所以只有g(shù)et rid of是答案。該句句意是“這座城市已經(jīng)決定把位于市中心的所有的舊的建筑物都廢棄掉。”
4.C. 分析：根據(jù)畫線詞的家族詞(drama)的本義和與畫線詞搭配的結(jié)構(gòu)的含義(“變化”)，判斷C是答案。該句含義是“在過去的十年中，在國際形式方面已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了顯著的變化。”Striking: adj. 引人注意的;顯著的;Dramatic: adj. 戲劇的;有關(guān)戲劇的; 引人注目的。
5. D。分析：根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法：劃線詞的前部分是 damage(破壞)，即damaging是動詞damage的分詞，所以推測該詞義大概是“破壞的” 。而備選答案都是常見詞匯，其中只有harmful是“破壞的”，因此可以推斷harmful是答案。該句含義是“從經(jīng)濟大蕭條以后，美國政府一直在(采取措施)使農(nóng)民避免遭受到由于糧食價格的下降而帶來的損失”。
6. B。分析：seldom是常見詞匯，該詞義是“很少地” 。而備選答案中rarely也是常見的否定副詞，是“很少地”。該句含義是“水泥在中世紀(jì)的建筑中很少使用。”
7.B。分析：steady 和stable是近義詞，都可表示“穩(wěn)定的”， 所以可以相互排除掉。再根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法：plentiful = plenti(y) + ful 判斷B的含義是“大量的”。借助句意“在這個國家里有大量的廉價勞動力”判斷B最合適。
8.D。分析：crucial“至關(guān)緊要的”和 urgent“緊急的”含義最接近。該句句意是“任何經(jīng)濟體系所面臨的最至關(guān)緊要的的問題是如何使用它稀少的資源”。Puzzling adj.(使)迷惑的, (使)為難的; terrifying adj.使感到恐怖的;
9. A。 分析： 該句含義是“他在生意中賺了一大筆錢。”immense adj.極大的; limited adj.有限的;
10.A. 分析： Accelerate v.加速, 促進(jìn), 所以A(加快)是答案。Shorten v.縮短, (使)變短;loosen v.解開, 放松, 松開; enlarge v.擴大, 放大; 詞綴-en通常加在某些形容詞的前面或后面，使其變成相應(yīng)的動詞，該詞綴的含義是“使變得更加..”, 如：enlarge就是“使變得更大/擴大”
11. B. 分析：根據(jù)句意(我們切不可(滿足于)僅僅有一點點書本知識。)判斷B(使?jié)M足)是答案。Convince vt.使確信, 使信服; benefit n.利益, 好處vt.有益于, 有助于; comfort n.安慰, 舒適, 安慰者
vt.安慰, 使(痛苦等)緩和;
12. A. 分析：借助搭配結(jié)構(gòu)“…問題”排除B(think后通常帶賓語從句)和D(搭配不合理)。根據(jù)句意(我們應(yīng)該考慮到問題的各個方面)判斷A(仔細(xì)考慮)最合適。
13. B. 分析：借助搭配“健康…”，排除C和D(strong和 weak都不和“健康”搭配使用，只能說“身體” strong或 weak)，再借助句意(在監(jiān)獄服刑期間他的健康變得惡化了)判斷B(變得更糟糕)是答案。Deteriorate v.(使)惡化
14. A。 分析，借助句意(我(本來打算)今天給你這本書的，可是我忘了)判斷A(打算..)是答案。tend to v. 往往..; pretend to do sth.v.假裝做某事; extend v.擴充, 延伸,給予。 extend 后所帶的to 是介詞。
15. C. 分析：as a matter of fact adv.事實上; accurately adv.正確地, 精確地; basically
adv.基本上, 主要地; probably adv.大概, 或許
第二部分：閱讀判斷(每題1分，共七分)
閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后列出了七個句子，請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對每個句子作出判斷。如果該句提供的是正確信息，請在答題卡上把A涂黑;如果該句提供的是錯誤信息，請在答題卡上把B涂黑;如果該句的信息文章中沒有提及，請在答題卡上把C涂黑
Irradiating Food
1. A。解析：注意: 在看題干時尤其需要注意題干中出現(xiàn)的修飾詞 --形容詞/副詞。利用專有名詞“US government”作為答案線索詞，這樣在第1段找到答案相關(guān)句(第1，2，3句)。發(fā)現(xiàn)它們的說法與問題句的說法一致，所以判定答案正確。
2. C。解析：注意句中出現(xiàn)的修飾詞“a number of”，利用“food processors/食品加工廠”作為答案線索詞，這樣在第一段的最后一句中找到答案相關(guān)句，發(fā)現(xiàn)該句并沒有提到食品加工廠的興趣問題，所以判定判斷該句的說法為“沒提到”。
3. A.解析：判斷該句說的較客觀，所以可能正確。借助原文：利用“safety，severe government inspection”作為答案線索詞，這樣第2段的第1句和第2句中找到答案相關(guān)句，發(fā)現(xiàn)它們的說法與問題句的說法一致，因此判斷為“正確”。
4. C。解析：利用“companies，promising future”作為答案線索詞，這樣在第2段的最后一句找到答案相關(guān)句，發(fā)現(xiàn)該句并沒有提到預(yù)測被輻射食品的未來前景問題。
5.B。解析：利用“labels，irradiated ingredients，indicate ”作為答案線索詞，這樣在第3段發(fā)現(xiàn)答案相關(guān)句群，對比這些句子的說法發(fā)現(xiàn)它們的說法與問題句的說法不一致，因此判定問題句的說法錯誤。
6. A.解析：利用“Restaurants，distributors”作為答案線索詞，關(guān)注題干中的狀語結(jié)構(gòu)-without labeling it，這樣在第3段的第2句找到答案相關(guān)句，判定問題句的說法正確。
7. A。解析：注意:有關(guān)文章主題的題，注意看文章的開頭或/和結(jié)尾的句子。這道題是有關(guān)文章主題的題，借助文章的結(jié)尾：Presently, the FDA allows food to be treated with three types of radiation (與approves irradiating food to some extent呼應(yīng))，而文章開頭的句意也與該問題句的說法一致，所以答案為正確。
第三部分：概括大意與完成句子 (每題1分，共8分)
閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后有2項測試任務(wù)：(1)1---4 題要求從所給的6個選項中為第2--5 段每段選擇1個正確的小標(biāo)題;(2)第5--8題要求從所給的6個選項中選擇4個正確的選項，分別完成每個句子。請將答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。
1.C 第三段解釋了為什么soot會增加地球升溫效應(yīng)。
2.A 第四段介紹了soot在兩方面起的作用：(1)soot增加了雪吸收太陽能量和熱量的能力;(2)soot導(dǎo)致海洋和陸地上空的大氣層發(fā)生變化。
3.F第六段的關(guān)鍵句子是：“…greenhouse gases are the primary cause of climate warming during the past century.” .
4.B第七段介紹了在研究北半球的緯度、雪覆蓋面和日照諸因素與氣溫升高之間的關(guān)系方面取得的成果。
5.B 選擇B的依據(jù)是第一段。有關(guān)的句子是：。“…black soot may be responsible for 25 percent of observed global warming over the past century.”選項B中用了過去式contributed，也是選B的一個線索，因為第五題的題干中有in me twentieth century，這個時間狀語要求謂語動詞用過去式，而4個選項中只有B項的動詞用的是過去式。
6.E Hansen cautioned和greenhouse gases僅出現(xiàn)在第六段。該段的大意是：雖然煤煙在改變?nèi)驓夂蚍矫嫠鸬淖饔孟喈?dāng)顯著，但是上個世紀(jì)氣溫上升的主要因素還是溫室氣體。選項E概括了第六段的意思。
7.D 本題答案的依據(jù)是第二段第一句。
8.A本題答案的依據(jù)是第五段的下列句子： Soot’s increased absorption of solar energy is especially effective in warming the world’s climate.“This forcing is unusually effective， causing twice as much global warming as a carbon-dioxide forcing of the same magnitude，”Harisen noted.
第四部分：閱讀理解(每題3分，共45分)
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每道題后面有4個選項。請仔細(xì)閱讀短文并根據(jù)短文回答其后面的問題，從4個選項中選擇1個最佳答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。
第1篇
Medical Journals
1. B.分析：細(xì)節(jié)題。問題問及“醫(yī)療雜志的主要讀者”，借助題干中的main readers作為答案線索，這樣發(fā)現(xiàn)答案相關(guān)句：Medical journals are publications that report medical information to physicians and other health professionals.(該句間接的回答了問題—向內(nèi)科醫(yī)生和其他健康專家提供醫(yī)療信息，所以答案是B。)
2. C.分析：細(xì)節(jié)題。發(fā)現(xiàn)被選項在內(nèi)容上都是涉及到“醫(yī)療雜志的出版”，所以借助publish作為答案線索，這樣發(fā)現(xiàn)答案相關(guān)句：many medical journals now have Web sites on the Internet(該句與A內(nèi)容一致)，and some journals publish only online.(該句直接與C矛盾)A few medical journals，like the Journal of the American Medical Association，are considered general medical journals because they cover many fields of medicine.(該句與B內(nèi)容一致)Most medical journals are specialty journals that focus on a particular area of medicine.(該句與D內(nèi)容一致)
3. A. 分析：細(xì)節(jié)題。該題涉及到文章類型。注意文章中提及文章類型的句子。這樣發(fā)現(xiàn)答案相關(guān)句：Medical journals publish many types of articles.Research articles report the results of …Review articles summarize and analyze ...Case conferences and case reports may be published in medical journals ..Editorials provide perspective on ...Letters to the editor provide a way for readers of ..
4. B.分析：細(xì)節(jié)題。利用題干中的核心結(jié)構(gòu)different studies on the same topic作為答案線索，這樣找到答案相關(guān)句：Review articles summarize and analyze the information available on a specific topic based on a careful search of the medical literature.(該句說“綜述文章是在對醫(yī)學(xué)文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行了仔細(xì)的查詢后找出的有關(guān)某一具體主題的信息進(jìn)行匯總和分析”)Because the results of individual research studies can be affected by many factors，combining results from different studies on the same topic (“對于同一主題的不同研究結(jié)果的匯總”在含義上與上句“綜述文章”的目的一致，因此判斷B是答案。)can be helpful in reaching conclusions about the scientific evidence for preventing，diagnosing or treating a particular disease.
5. C. 分析：借助題干中的核心結(jié)構(gòu)Letters to the editor和express comments on作為答案線索，這樣在文章最后部分找到答案相關(guān)句：Letters to the editor provide a way for readers of the medical journal to express comments， questions or criticisms about articles published in that journal。(該句內(nèi)容直接回答了問題：對雜志上發(fā)表的文章進(jìn)行評論，提出問題或提出批評意見)
第2篇
Common Problems, Common Solutions
1.D.問題問“文章中的墻指代什么?”。利用wall這個線索詞在文章中發(fā)現(xiàn)了位于第5段中答案相關(guān)句--- “。。把我們(和吸煙者)分開的墻..。家族詞的出現(xiàn)也是確認(rèn)答案的線索：該題中separate在原文中 ---- separation在備選答案中。
2.D.問題問“第4段中you 指代什么?”。You從第1段就開始出現(xiàn)，所以應(yīng)指第1段中所說的“已經(jīng)放棄吸煙的吸煙者”。
3.A.該題問“很明顯作者不主張什么?”。文章的最后一段說“無論什么樣的道德墻都未曾，也不能推動我們的社會去解決基本的問題。”，可見作者很反對wall的建立。而只有A提到了wall，所以選擇A。
4.B. 該題問“正如在文章中所表明的那樣，普通問題的普通解決的方法應(yīng)該是..”。在第8段中可以找到答案。
5.D.該題問“作者對建立吸煙隔離墻的行為的態(tài)度是什么?”。D “懷疑的”最合適。
第3篇
1.c 波比認(rèn)為，孩子從出生到三歲這段時間是一個敏感的“依戀”期。三歲以下的
孩子如與父母分開可能會給孩子的性格造成傷害，進(jìn)而導(dǎo)致以后的情感問題。因此可以認(rèn)為波比會同意C
2.A C是波比的思想，而不是依據(jù)他的思想得出的結(jié)論，因此不對。第一段的第二句話說：一些人從波比的研究得出結(jié)論，日托要使父母和孩子分開，孩子三歲之前不應(yīng)該送日托。因此A是正確答案。
3.A 第二段的第一句話說：人類學(xué)家指出，現(xiàn)代社會中父母與孩子之間的絕緣的愛的關(guān)系在傳統(tǒng)社會中一般不存在。insulated(絕緣的)一詞與A中的exclusive(排他的)相呼應(yīng)。文章只是在第二段的第一句中提到傳統(tǒng)社會，僅從這句話不能推斷出B、C、D。
4.D 第二段列出了三條論據(jù)反對波比的理論。這三條論據(jù)分別對應(yīng)C、B、A。“父母們覺得眼前的后果難以應(yīng)付”不是反對波比理論的論據(jù)。
5.c 作者中立地報道了對日托的兩種不同看法，并指出缺乏統(tǒng)計研究。特別是在第三段的第二句話中提出，日托是否會在15或20年后導(dǎo)致精神病或犯罪只能用統(tǒng)計的方法來研究。因此C是正確答案。
第五部分：補全短文(每題2分，共10分)
閱讀下面的短文，文章中有5處空白，文章后有6組文字，請根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容選擇5組文字，將其分別放會文章原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。請將答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置。
Why do people shrink?
1. E. 分析：段落中句意的特點：空格前面的內(nèi)容講述電影情節(jié)，所以E的出現(xiàn)就很自然了。在用詞上kids連續(xù)使用(呼應(yīng))
2. F. 分析：在段落中利用核心結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行跳讀，發(fā)現(xiàn)空格前句說“..盡管人們能做一些事情來阻止“縮小”或減緩“縮小””，比較備選項，發(fā)現(xiàn)F合適：F提出問題來總結(jié)該段，引起下文。
3. A. 分析： 空格前面具體講述“地球引力對人體骨架的影響”，接著在空格處繼續(xù)談到“這種影響最終的結(jié)果”是很自然的。在用詞呼應(yīng)上：one another(彼此)與A中的they 呼應(yīng)。
4.C。分析：空格前后句中都在提到“bone”或與“bone”相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，所以C出現(xiàn)的可能性最大。
5.B。分析：作為文章的最后一句，該句往往具有總結(jié)性。對比剩下的選項，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)B合適：在句意上(好好休息一個晚上，第二天早晨， 你的身體通過一晚上的休息又恢復(fù)體力， 你站起還會是那么高。)在對前句句意(盡管這樣，也不用擔(dān)心)進(jìn)行解釋說明。
第六部分：完型填空 (每題1分，共15分)
閱讀下面的短文，文中有15處空白，每處空白給出了4個選項，請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容從4個選項中選擇1個最佳答案，并涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。
1. C 第一段第一個句子是主題句，說的是：Eric Brown討厭買東西。因此“shopping”是合適的選擇。
2. A 語境是這樣的：當(dāng)我出去買東西時，我基本上已經(jīng)知道我要買什么。我沖了進(jìn)去，買了后……顯然，填入“getout”(出去)是連貫的。“stayin”是“在家里呆著”，“look round”是“環(huán)顧”，“move about”是“閑蕩”，不難看出，這些都不是合適的選擇。
3。 B 第二段的第一個句子說的是：一般的認(rèn)識認(rèn)為，男人討厭買東西。第三句的起始詞是“But”，它告訴我們意思將發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)折，因而“challenging”是合適的選擇。“confirming”是“確認(rèn)”的意思，“proving”是“證明”，“supporting”是“支持”。
4. A 第三段的第一個句子引自紐約城市大學(xué)社會學(xué)教授Sharon Zukin的話，大意是：……在社會階層、種族特點、年齡上是有差異的，男人都說他們討厭買東西。可以看出，合適的選擇是“Regardless of”(不管)，“Because of”，“Owing to”，“Thanks to”都表示“原因”，插入后意思上是不連貫的。
5. B 緊接著第三段第一個句子的后一個句子由“Yet”起始， 這個詞提示我們由它引導(dǎo)的句子在意思上跟上一個句子構(gòu)成對比。由于上一個句子說的是“男人們討厭買東西”，那么這個句子應(yīng)當(dāng)說的是男人們實際上是喜歡買東西的。因此，“like”是合適的選擇。
6. D 從下文的“music”(音樂)，“hardware”(硬件)判斷，“coats”(外套)，pants(褲子)，socks(襪子)都不是合適的選擇，因為它們都不能與“music”和“hardware”構(gòu)成一個比較自然的類別，所以惟有“books”是合適的選擇。另外，緊隨其后的一句話中也出現(xiàn)了“books”這個詞，這是提示。
7. D 該題問的是：男人們不把買書和音樂制品看做是購物，那么他們把它看做是什么呢?從下面的三段提供的信息來看，“research”(研究)比“relaxation”(放松)，“rest”(休息)，“exercise”(鍛煉)更合適一點。
8. D 該題問的是：男人們和女人們在稱之為“買東西”和行事方式上都會怎么樣?所在的句子實際上是對前面文章的總結(jié)。所以合適的選擇是“different”。 “similar”(相似的)、 “contradictory”(矛盾的)和“inclusive”(兼容的)都不構(gòu)成答案。
9. A 買東西是需要來回看的， 這是常識。另外，緊隨其后的句子中也用了“wander”(漫游)這個詞。
lO. D 上文中出現(xiàn)了“perfect”(完美的)。注意：文章始終在把男人與女人做比較。因此此處也應(yīng)用“perfect”。 ’
11. D 注意緊隨其后的動詞不定式“to be won’’(贏得)，只能是“game”(游戲)。“won”在語義上搭配的
12.C 這個句子要表達(dá)的是：這會使得他們快樂。“makes”是正確的。如果用.‘‘bdngs”，須改原文：it brings them happiness.或it brings happiness to them.如用“causes”，也須改原文：it causes them to become happy.“it keeps them happy.”是可以說的，但它的意思是：他們原來就快樂。但是，是否如此?文章沒有說。
13.A “nobody”，“no one”和“anybody”用于否定的語境。但該句子提供的不是一種否定的語境，因此，正確的選擇是“everybody”。
14.C 至此文章都是在說男女之間的差別，因而“division”是理想的選擇。整個句子說的是：事實上，在服裝方面最能清楚地把男女區(qū)分開來。“competition”是“競爭”，“comparison”是“比較”，“confrontation”是“對抗”。
15.D 對許多男人來說，選擇的范圍越窄，買衣服越方便。因此“narrow”(窄)是合適的選擇
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