2014年職稱英語(yǔ)理工類閱讀理解習(xí)題(5)
Are You Just Not Ill or Excellent in Health?
As we have seen, the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing disease to preventing disease—especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors, such as poor eating habits, smoking, and failure to exercise. The line of thought involved in this shift can be pursued further. Imagine a person who is about the right weight, but does not eat very nutritious (有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的) foods, who feels OK but exercises only occasionally, who goes to work every day, but is not an outstanding worker, who drinks a few beers at home most nights but does not drive while drunk, and who has no chest pains or abnormal blood counts, but sleeps a lot and often feels tired. This person is not ill. He may not even be at risk for any particular disease. But we can imagine that this person could be a lot healthier.
The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely “not ill” and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body’s special needs. Both types have simply been called “well.” In recent years, however, some health specialists have begun to apply the terms “well” and “wellness” only to those who are actively striving to maintain and improve their health. People who are well are concerned with nutrition and exercise, and they make a point of monitoring their body’s condition. Most important, perhaps, people who are well take active responsibility for all matters related to their health. Even people who have a physical disease or handicap (缺陷) may be “well,” in this new sense, if they make an effort to maintain the best possible health they can in the face of their physical limitations. “Wellness” may perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve, but as an ideal that people can strive for. People who are well are likely to be better able to resist disease and to fight disease when it strikes. And by focusing attention on healthy ways of living, the concept of wellness can have a beneficial impact on the ways in which people face the challenges of daily life.
1.Today medical care is placing more stress on
A.keeping people in a healthy physical condition.
B.removing people’s bad living habits.
C.monitoring patients’ body functions.
D.ensuring people’s psychological well-being.
正確答案:B
解析:問(wèn)題問(wèn)的是：當(dāng)今的醫(yī)療保健更加強(qiáng)調(diào)什么?文章開(kāi)頭提到當(dāng)今醫(yī)療保健的焦點(diǎn)已經(jīng)從治療疾病轉(zhuǎn)移到預(yù)防疾病上，特別是在改變?cè)S多不利于健康的行為，如不良的飲食習(xí)慣，吸煙和不運(yùn)動(dòng)等。因此B正確，即去除不好的生活習(xí)慣。
2.In the first paragraph, people are reminded that
A.drinking, even if not to excess, could be harmful.
B.regular health checks are essential to keeping fit.
C.prevention is more difficult than cure.
D.good health is more than not being ill.
正確答案:A
解析:問(wèn)題問(wèn)的是：第一段提醒人們什么?第一段列舉了一些人雖然有某種不良的習(xí)慣，但是還算健康，但是后面緊接著說(shuō)他們還可以健康得多(如果沒(méi)有這些不良的習(xí)慣)。由此可見(jiàn)這些不良的習(xí)慣還是在某種程度上對(duì)這些人的健康有害的。其中就包括喝點(diǎn)酒但是并不醉酒駕車的人。因此A正確，即喝酒，即使不喝多也會(huì)對(duì)健康有害。BC在文中并沒(méi)有提到;D是第二段提到的。
3.Traditionally, a person is considered “well” if he
A.does not have any unhealthy living habits.
B.does not have any physical handicaps.
C.is free from any kind of disease.
D.is able to handle his daily routines.
正確答案:C
解析:問(wèn)題問(wèn)的是：傳統(tǒng)上認(rèn)為一個(gè)人健康的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是什么?第二段開(kāi)頭提到傳統(tǒng)上并沒(méi)有將健康細(xì)分為“沒(méi)有病”和“身體非常好并非常關(guān)注身體的特殊需要”，就是說(shuō)，只要沒(méi)有病就算健康。因此C正確。
4.According to the author, the true meaning of “wellness” is for people
A.to best satisfy their body’s special needs.
B.to strive to maintain the best possible health.
C.to meet the strictest standards of bodily health.
D.to keep a proper balance between work and leisure.
正確答案:B
解析:問(wèn)題問(wèn)的'是：作者認(rèn)為正真意義上的健康是什么?第二段第五行提到正真的健康的人是指那些積極爭(zhēng)取保持或改善身體狀況的人。因此B正確。
5.According to what the author advocates, which of the following groups of people would be considered healthy
A.People who have strong muscles as well as slim figures.
B.People who are not presently experiencing any symptoms of disease.
C.People who try to be as healthy as possible, regardless of their limitations.
D.People who can recover from illness even without seeking medical care.
正確答案:C
解析:問(wèn)題問(wèn)的是：根據(jù)作者倡導(dǎo)的理念，下列那組人應(yīng)被認(rèn)為是健康的?第二段提到新的理念認(rèn)為一些患病的或者有殘疾的人也可以是健康的，只要他們能夠在身體條件限制情況下，努力爭(zhēng)取達(dá)到最好的健康狀況。因此C正確。
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