2016年職稱英語(yǔ)完形填空歷年真題及答案解析
Robotic Highway Cones
A University of Nebraska professor has developed robotic cones and barrels. These robotic cones and barrels can move out of the way, or into__________(51), from computer commands made miles away. They can even be programmed to move on their own at any particular part of the day, said Shane Farritor, an assistant professor of mechanical engineering at Nebraska.
For example, if workers arrived at 6 am, the cones could move from the side of the highway to__________(52) off the lane at that time. And they can return to the __________ (53) place at the end of the day. "It just seems like a very good application for robots." Farritor said. " The robotic cones would also help__________ (54) people from hazardous jobs on the highway putting barrels and cones into place," Farritor said in a report on his creation.
Work on the idea began in 2002 using a National Academy of Sciences grant. The__________(55)allowed Farritor to work on the project with graduate students at Nebraska and his assistant Steve Goddard.
The robots are placed at the bottom of the cones and barrels and are __________ (56) enough not to greatly change the appearance of the construction aides. "It would look exactly the same, "Farritor said. " __________ (57) there's a kind of rubbery, black base to them. We replace that__________ (58) a robot."
Farritor has talked with officials from the Nebraska Department of Roads about how the robots would be most __________ (59) to what they might need.
The robots could come in handy following a slow-moving maintenance operation, like painting a stripe on a road or moving asphalt,__________(60) now the barrels have to be picked up and moved as the operation__________(61). " That way you don't have to block offa 10-mile stripfor the operation," Farritor said.
__________(62) prototypes have been made, they are not in use anywhere. Farritor said he has__________ (63) for a patent and is considering what to do next. He is thinking about starting a small business. He is also thinking about(64) the robots to roads departments and others across the country who may(65) from them.
51. A. work
B. place
C. order
D. action
52. A. block
B. cut
C. set
D. turn
53. A. clean
B. important
C. entire
D. original
54. A. employ
B. observe
C. remove
D. instruct
55. A. idea
B. report
C. demand
D. fund
56. A. helpful
B. beautiful
C. small
D. huge
57. A. Kindly
B. Normally
C. Greatly
D. Strangely
58. A. at
B. on
C. in
D. with
59. A. related
B. Typical
C. useful
D. visible
60. A. why
B. Where
C. when
D. what
61. A. proceeds
B. Functions
C. finishes
D. improves
62. A. If
B. While
C. Since
D. Because
63. A. applied
B. asked
C. called
D. argued
64. A. saving
B. marketing
C. moving
D. devising
65. A. benefit
B. protect
C. learn
D. inspire
51.B。本題考查句意和名詞。題干：幾英里以外的電腦可以發(fā)出指令將這些機(jī)器人錐形路標(biāo)和路障移開(kāi)或者移入某__________。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)分別代入后，move into place(移入某個(gè)地方)比較符合原文的語(yǔ)境，故B為正確答案。
52.A。本題考查動(dòng)詞詞組。題干：例如，如果工人們上午6點(diǎn)要在高速公路上施工，錐形路障就可以在這個(gè)時(shí)候從高速公路邊上移動(dòng)到施工的行車道上設(shè)置——。block off意為“阻止，阻礙，封鎖”，cut off意為“切斷”，set ofr意為“出發(fā)，動(dòng)手做某事”，tum off意為“關(guān)掉”，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有block off比較符合語(yǔ)境，故A為正確答案。
53.D。本題考查形容詞。題干：……并且它們還能在一天工作結(jié)束后回到__________地方。根據(jù)上下文，如果工人們上午6點(diǎn)要在高速公路上施工，錐形路障就可以在這個(gè)時(shí)候從高速公路邊上移動(dòng)到施工的行車道上設(shè)置，在一天工作結(jié)束的時(shí)候，又將路障等復(fù)原，回到一開(kāi)始的地方。故D為正確答案。
54.C。本題考查固定搭配。題干：機(jī)器人還可以使人們從在高速公路上放置路標(biāo)和路障的危險(xiǎn)工作中__________出來(lái)。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有remove搭配from，即remove A from B(把A從B中移走)。故C是正確答案。
55.D。本題考查名詞。題干：這項(xiàng)__________使得福瑞德可以和內(nèi)布拉斯加大學(xué)的研究生以及助理史蒂文•戈達(dá)德共同開(kāi)發(fā)這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。從空格處之前句子中的9rant(撥款;補(bǔ)助)可知National Academy ofSciences grant是一家資助機(jī)構(gòu)，故D是正確答案。
56.C。本題考查固定搭配。題干：機(jī)器人被安裝在錐形路標(biāo)和路障的.底部，它們非常__________以致不足以改變這些路標(biāo)、路障的原貌。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)分別代入，通過(guò)“not to greatly change the appearance”可知是因?yàn)闄C(jī)器人太小的緣故。因此C為正確選項(xiàng)。
57.B。本題考查副詞。題干：__________普通的路標(biāo)、路障帶有一個(gè)黑色的橡膠底座。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)分別代入，發(fā)現(xiàn)只有normally比較符合語(yǔ)境。因此B為正確選項(xiàng)。
58.D。本題考查固定搭配。題干：普通的路標(biāo)、路障帶有一個(gè)黑色的橡膠底座�，F(xiàn)在的底座被——機(jī)器人。replace A with B意為“用B替換A”。根據(jù)上下文語(yǔ)義，后文講到學(xué)生可以用圖書(shū)館、雜志等各種資料，由此推理可知老師肯定希望學(xué)生能夠在盡可能少的指導(dǎo)下完成研究。故B為正確答案。
59.c。本題考查形容詞。題干：福瑞德和內(nèi)布拉斯加大學(xué)公路系的職員曾經(jīng)探討怎樣才能使機(jī)器人最__________他們的需要。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)分別代入，探討的目的應(yīng)該是找到最佳方式，因而useful比較符合語(yǔ)境，故C為正確選項(xiàng)。
60.B。本題考查從句引導(dǎo)詞。題干：機(jī)器人可以用于緩慢移動(dòng)的維護(hù)性的操作，例如，在公路上粉刷白色的標(biāo)線或者移動(dòng)瀝青，__________操作中需要隨時(shí)擺放和移動(dòng)路標(biāo)、路障，隨著操作的__________。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)分別代入后，只有B選項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境，即“在公路粉刷白色的標(biāo)線或者移動(dòng)瀝青，操作中在這些地方需要隨時(shí)擺放和移動(dòng)路標(biāo)、路障”，所以B選項(xiàng)為正確答案。
61.A。本題考查形動(dòng)詞。題干：在公路上粉刷白色的標(biāo)線或者移動(dòng)瀝青，操作中在這些地方需要隨時(shí)擺放和移動(dòng)路標(biāo)、路障，隨著操作的__________。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)分別代入可知，隨著操作的繼續(xù)，要不停地?cái)[放和移動(dòng)路標(biāo)和路障，以示警告，故A為正確選項(xiàng)。
62.B。本題考查狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞。題干：__________發(fā)明的樣機(jī)已經(jīng)做成了，但還沒(méi)有投入使用。前后的分句之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故B為正確選項(xiàng)。
63.A。本題考查固定搭配。題干：福瑞德說(shuō)他已經(jīng)__________了專利并且正在考慮下一步的打算。apply for意為“申請(qǐng)”，ask for“請(qǐng)求，要求”，call for意為“要求，需要”，分別代入后，apply forpatent(申請(qǐng)專利)符合語(yǔ)境，故A為正確選項(xiàng)。
64.B。本題考查動(dòng)詞。題干：他打算向全國(guó)的公路部門(mén)和其他部門(mén)機(jī)器人，這些部門(mén)可能會(huì)從中__________。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)分別代入，marketing the robots(推銷機(jī)器人)比較符合原文的語(yǔ)境，故B為正確答案。
65.A。本題考查動(dòng)詞。題干：他打算向全國(guó)的公路部門(mén)和其他部門(mén)__________機(jī)器人，這些部門(mén)可能會(huì)從中__________。benefit from意為“從……上受益”，protect from意為“使不受……的傷害”，learn from意為“向……學(xué)習(xí)”，分別代入原句，benefit from比較符合語(yǔ)境。故本題選A。
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