全國職稱英語考試綜合類C級閱讀理解課堂筆記

　　Inspecting a used car文章中復(fù)雜句子分析：

　　1. Andrew Bleakley, evaluator-inspector, runs a mobile vehicle inspection service in Montreal.

　　2. In his 10 years as a professional inspector, Bleakly has seen a lot.

　　3. If they are very worn, or the door doesn’t close well, the car may have been used as a taxi.來源：考試大

　　4. Holes in the roof could mean the car was used for deliveries.

　　5. Note that leaks are not necessarily a significant problem – it depends on the cause.

　　6. Resellers know people check these details and can buy new pads for around $ 6.

　　7. Copy down the vehicle identification number (VIN), a 17-character combination of numbers and letters, from the vehicle’s dashboard.

　　passage 1

　　Inspecting a used car

　　The scariest part of buying a used car is not being completely sure of what condition it’s in．A car that’s been in a major accident is always a bigger risk，but sellers often try to hide this information．Andrew Bleakley, evaluator-inspector, runs a mobile vehicle inspection service in Montreal．For about$80 he will perform a full, unbiased inspection on a used vehicle．In his 10 years as a professional inspector, Bleakley has seen a lot．He warns, “Watch out for dealer demonstration vehicles which are used．not new．They may have been in a collision．”He adds mat it is not uncommon in Ontario and Quebec especially for unscrupulous sellers to roll back the odometer or to even disengage it．Bleakley has special tools to check for this．

　　Blealdey always recommends hiring an independent technician to inspect the condition of a used car before you buy it．The problem is finding someone qualified to do the inspection，which he says generally doesn’t mean just any mechanic，A thorough mechanical inspection includes checking the compression，all major systems，including the engine，electrical and charging systems，transmission and drive line，fluids，brakes，suspension，and steering．Essential，too，is all inspection of the car’s body and finally a road test．There are，however a few things everyone can do before buying a used car：

　　Do a visual check of the car．Look at the right rear door hinges．If they are very worn．Or the door doesn’t close well，the car may have been used as a taxi．Holes in the roof could mean the car was used for deliveries．

　　Check for oil 1eaks on the pavement．Note that 1eaks are not necessarily a significant problem—it depends on the cause．來源：考試大

　　Don’t assume that new-looking brake and accelerator pedals mean the car hasn’t been driven much．Resellers know people check these details and call buy new Pads for around $6.來源：考試大

　　Copy down the vehicle identification number(VlN), a 17-character combination of numbers and letters，from the vehicle’s dashboard．In Ontario，ask the dealer or seller for the Used Vehicle Information Package．this gives details of previous owners，any outstanding liens on the car, and the fair market value of the vehicle．

　　練習(xí)：來源：考試大

　　1. According to the passage，in buying a second-hand vehicle it is most important to know

　　A)how long it has been used．來源：考試大

　　B)what color it is.

　　C)whether it has been in a collision．

　　D)whether it leaks oil．

　　2. All of the following are mentioned as tricks which dishonest second-hand Car dealers may play upon their customers EXCEPT

　　A)To re-Paint the car來源：考試大

　　B)To roll back the odometer．

　　C)T0 replace the old pedal．來源：考試大

　　D)T0 disengage the odometer．

　　3. ‘‘An independent technician” in the first sentence of the second paragraph means

　　A)a technician who checks a car free of charge．

　　B)a technician who learned his trade all by himself．

　　C)a technician who works for a particular car-dealer．

　　D)a technician who runs his own inspection service．

　　4.According to Bleakley, before buying a used Car all the inspection work Can

　　A)be done by a mechanic together with the dealer．

　　B)only be done by a qualified mechanic．

　　C)be done by the buyer himself．來源：考試大

　　D)be done by a qualified mechanic together with the buyer．

　　5. According to the passage，from which of the following Call the buyer obtain reliable

　　information of the previous owner?

　　A)The vehicle identification number．

　　B)The unbiased inspector．

　　C)The second．hand car dealer．來源：考試大

　　D)The Used Vehicle Information Package．

　　文章主題分析：Inspecting a used car

　　(第1段)The scariest(最讓人害怕的 ) part of buying a used car is not being completely sure of what condition it’s in.

　　(第2段)Bleakley always recommends hiring an independent technicians to inspect the condition of a used car before you buy it.

　　從上面的句子可以知道文章主要內(nèi)容講述“在購買車之前檢查二手車”

　　直接解題：

　　1. According to the passage, in buying a second-hand vehicle it is most important to know

　　A. how long it has been used

　　B. what color it is來源：考試大

　　C. whether it has been in a collision

　　D. whether it leaks oil

　　1． C。分析：利用題干中出現(xiàn)的修飾詞“most important”作為答案線索，同時注意被選項中的核心詞/特征詞：how long，what color，collision，leaks oil, 這樣發(fā)現(xiàn)答案相關(guān)句：The scariest(最讓人害怕的 )(與most important 呼應(yīng)) part of buying a used car is not being completely sure of what condition it’s in. A car that’s been in a major accident is always a bigger risk(與most important呼應(yīng)), but sellers often try to hide this information. 這兩個句子說“最擔(dān)心的是關(guān)于汽車的狀況”，“是否遇到過大事故是一個更大的風(fēng)險”，因此判斷C是答案。

　　2. All of the following are mentioned as tricks which dishonest second-hand car dealers may play upon their customers except

　　A. to re-paint the car來源：考試大

　　B. to roll back the odometer（里程表）

　　C. to replace the old pedal來源：考試大

　　D. to disengage （松開）the odometer

　　2． A，分析：句子大意：下列哪項不是不誠實的二手車經(jīng)銷商對顧客玩的詭計。利用題干中出現(xiàn)的核心詞second-hand car dealers和tricks作為答案線索，同時注意被選項中出現(xiàn)的核心詞/特征詞：re-paint，odometer， old pedal， disengage odometer，這樣發(fā)現(xiàn)答案相關(guān)句：He warns, “Watch out for dealer demonstration vehicles which are used, not new. They may have been in a collision. ” He adds that it is not uncommon in Ontario and Quebec especially for unscrupulous (不道德的)sellers to roll back the odometer or even disengage it.該句說“不道德的經(jīng)銷商把里程表往回撥，甚至松開里程表是常事”因此判斷B和D不是答案。（第5段） Don’t assume that new-looking brake and accelerator pedals mean the car hasn’t been driven much. 該句說“不要認為看起來新的剎車和加速器踏板意味著汽車沒用多久”，因此推斷出經(jīng)銷商可能會更換舊的踏板。因此A是答案。

　　3. “All independent technician” in the first sentence of the second paragraph means

　　A. a technician who checks a car free of charge

　　B. a technician who learned his trade all by himself

　　C. a technician who works for a particular car-dealer

　　D. a technician who runs his own inspection service

　　3． D。分析：利用題干中引號中的結(jié)構(gòu)作為答案線索，同時注意被選項中的核心詞/特征詞：free of charge， learned all by himself，works for a particular car-dealer， runs his own inspection service， 直接找到答案相關(guān)句：Beakley always recommends hiring an independent technician to inspect the conditions of a used car before you buy it. The problem is finding someone qualified to do the inspection, which he says generally doesn’t mean just any mechanic. A thorough mechanical inspection includes…There are, however, a few things everyone can do before buying a used car.以上的句子是說“技師是獨立的，有資格的” ，而劃線句沒有再談?wù)摰郊紟煟?因此判斷D是答案。

　　4. According to Berkley, before buying a used car all the inspection work can

　　A. be done by a mechanic together with the dealer

　　B. only be done by a qualified mechanic

　　C. be done by the buyer himself來源：考試大

　　D. be done by a qualified mechanic together with the buyer

　　4． D。分析：利用題干中出現(xiàn)的特征結(jié)構(gòu)before buying a used car作為答案線索，同時注意到被選項中出現(xiàn)了There are, however, a few things everyone can do before buying a used car. 在該句的后面看見了這樣的`句子：Do a visual check of the car. Look at the right rear door hinges…(這些是人人都能做的檢查工作)；在該句的前面看見了這樣的句子：Beakley always recommends hiring an independent technician to inspect the conditions of a used car before you buy it. The problem is finding someone qualified to do the inspection, which he says generally doesn’t mean just any mechanic. A thorough mechanical inspection includes…以上句子暗示需要一個機械師，因此判斷D是答案。

　　5. According to the passage, from which of the following can be buyer obtain reliable information of the previous owner?

　　A. the vehicle identification number來源：考試大

　　B. the unbiased inspector

　　C. the second hand car inspector

　　D. the used vehicle information package

　　5． D。分析：利用題干中的核心結(jié)構(gòu)reliable information of the previous owner作為答案線索，同時注意被選項中出現(xiàn)的核心/特征結(jié)構(gòu)，這樣發(fā)現(xiàn)答案相關(guān)句：In Ontario, ask the dealer or seller for the Used Vehicle Information Package. This gives details of previous owners, any outstanding liens（留置權(quán)） on the car, and the fair market value of the vehicle. 該題的考點在于考察代詞This的指代內(nèi)容：This指代前面的the Used Vehicle Information Package（舊車信息包），所以答案是D。

　　Passage 2

　　Pushbike（自行車） Peril （危險）

　　Low speed bicycle crashes can badly injure--or even kill--children if they fall onto the ends of the handlebars so a team of engineers is redesigning the humble handlebar in a bid to make it safer.

　　Kristy Arbogast, a bioengineer at the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia in Pennsylvania, began the project with her colleagues after a study of serious abdominal injuries in children in the past 30 years showed that mol-e than a third were caused by bicycle accidents．”the task was to identify how the injuries occurred and come up with some countermeasures．” she says.

　　By interviewing the children and their parents，Arbogast and her team were able to reconstruct many of the accidents and identified a common mechanism responsible for serious injures. They discovered that most occur when children hit an obstacle at a slow speed，causing them to topple over. To maintain their balance they turn the handlebars through 90degrees——but their momentum forces them into the end of the handlebars The bike then falls over and the other end of the handlebars hits the ground，ramming it into their abdomen.

　　The solution the group came up with is a handgrip fitted with a spring and damping system. The spring absorbs up to 50 per cent of the forces transmitted through the handlebars in an impact，The group hopes to commercialize the device，which should add only a few dollars to the cost of a bike. “But our task has been one of education because up until now, bicycle manufacturer were unaware of the problem，”says Arbogast.

　　The team has also approached the US Consumer Product Safety Commission to try to persuade manufacturers to adopt the new design A decision is expected later this year．

　　詞匯：來源：考試大handlebar n(常用復(fù)數(shù))(自行車等的)車把

　　abdominal adj 腹部的

　　redesign v 重新設(shè)計來源：考試大

　　bioengineer n 生物工程師

　　reconstruct vt．重建；重構(gòu)來源：考試大

　　countermeasure n 對策

　　abdomen n 膜，腹部來源：考試大

　　momentum n沖力

　　handgrip n握柄來源：考試大

　　damping adj 制動的．減速的，緩沖的

　　commercialize vt 使商品化來源：考試大

　　練習(xí)：來源：考試大

　　1 According to the passage，SOme engineers are trying to improve the handlebars because

　　A)they are not noble enough，

　　B)they may kill children

　　C)they are likely to crash

　　D)they make the bike move at a low speed

　　2 In paragraph 2, the author mentions a study of serious abdominal injuries

　　A)to discuss how abdominal injuries in children occur,來源：考試大

　　B)to show that more than a third injuries were caused by bicycle accidents.

　　C)to point out what the countermeasures can be.

　　D)to tell us why Kristy Arbogast began the project．

　　3 Paragraph 3 mainly discusses

　　A)why the children and their parents were interviewed

　　B)when the children tom the handlebars through 90 degrees，

　　C)what causes the children to topple over

　　D)how serious injuries occur．

　　4 The passage implies that

　　A)it is not easy to persuade manufacturers to adopt the new design.

　　B)the team of engineers has not found any countermeasures來源：考試大

　　C)children like to ride bicycles at a very low speed．

　　D)a lot of children were killed in bicycle accidents in the past 30 years．

　　5 The new handgrip works in which of the following ways?

　　A)It call be commercialized．

　　B)It reduces the dangerous forces in bicycle accidents來源：考試大

　　C)It adds a few dollars to the cost of a bike

　　D)It changes the direction of the handlebars in all impact．

　　1． 文章標(biāo)題分析：Pushbike Peril

　　2． 直接解題：

　　1. According to the passage, some engineers are trying to improve the handlebars（車把） because

　　A. they are not noble enough

　　B. they may kill children

　　C. they are likely to crash來源：考試大

　　D. they make the bike move at a low speed

　　1．B． 分析：借助常識判斷A不是答案；利用題干中的核心詞engineers 和handlebars作為答案線索，這樣找到答案相關(guān)句：Low speed bicycle crashes can badly injure –or even kill –children if they fall onto the ends of the handlebars. So a team of engineers is redesigning handlebar in a bid to make it safer. 劃線句說“車把手不安全會嚴(yán)重的傷害孩子，甚至殺死孩子，所以工程師們參加了競標(biāo)對車把進行重新設(shè)計，以使其更加安全”來源：考試大

　　2. In paragraph 2, the author mentions a study of serious abdominal injuries

　　A.to discuss how abdominal injures in children occur.

　　B.To show that more than a third injuries were caused by bicycle accident

　　C.To point out what the countermeasures can be

　　D. To tell us why Kristy Arbogast began the project.

　　3. Paragraph 3 mainly discusses

　　A. why the children and their parents were interviewed

　　B. when the children turn the handlebars through 90 degrees

　　C. what causes the children to topple over（顛翻）

　　D. how serious injuries occu來源：考試大r

　　3．D.分析：因為上段中提到了研究的目的是“辨別受傷是怎樣產(chǎn)生的，并想出一些應(yīng)對措施”，因此推斷C和D可能是答案。而該段的第1句(觀點句) 概述了全段的大意：By interviewing the children and their parents, Arbogast and her team were able to reconstruct many of the accidents and identified a common mechanism responsible for serious injuries.(與D呼應(yīng))而接下來的句子也是在具體說他們?nèi)绾芜M行的實驗—They discovered that…To maintain their balance they turn the handlebars through 90 degree--…The bike then falls over and..

　　4. The passage implies that來源：考試大

　　A it is not easy to persuade manufacturers to adopt the new design

　　B. the team of engineers has not found any countermeasures

　　C. children like to ride bicycles at a very low speed

　　D a lot of children were killed in bicycle accidents in the past 30 years

　　4．A． 分析；該題問及從文章中能夠推斷出什么來，在論述文中往往在文章的開頭和/或結(jié)尾處傳遞出文章的中心/觀點，因此注意文章結(jié)尾(文章開頭的語句與被選項都沒有關(guān)系)：The team has also approached the US consumer Product Safety Commission to try to persuade manufacturers to adopt the new design.（該句表明B錯誤） A decision is expected later this year. 該句說“試圖說服制造商”，因此推測出“說服制造商”不是一件容易的事情。

　　5. The new handgrip（手柄） works in which of the following ways?

　　A.it can be commercialized來源：考試大

　　B.it reduces the dangerous forces in bicycle accidents

　　C.it adds a few dollars to the cost of a bike

　　D.it changes the direction of the handlebars in an impact

　　5．分析：根據(jù)解答前面問題獲取的信息：--傷害孩子的是把手的末斷，因此推斷B和D可能是答案。利用題干中的核心詞handgrip作為答案線索，這樣找到答案相關(guān)句：The solution the group came up with is a handgrip fitted with a spring and damping system. The spring absorbs up to 50 percent of the forces transmitted through the handlebars in an impact. 這兩個句子說“手柄的彈簧能吸收在碰撞中通過把手而傳遞過來的50%的傷害力”，因此判斷B是答案。

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