BEC商務(wù)英語(yǔ)活學(xué)活用：文化差異
�、�.核心學(xué)習(xí)：Cultural Diversity at Work 工作中的文化差異
Michael: Billy! I think there is an inferno in the company kitchen.
邁克爾：比利!我覺得公司的廚房著火了。
Billy: Really! Why do you think so?
比利：真的嗎!你為什么會(huì)這么想?
Michael: There is a terrible smell coming from there.
邁克爾：有一股難聞的氣味從那兒飄出來(lái)。
Billy: Can you describe it for me?
比利：能給我形容一下嗎?
Michael: Billy, it is a very strong smell that made my eyes water when I walked past.
邁克爾：比利，那是一種很強(qiáng)烈的氣味，從那路過(guò)的時(shí)候我的眼睛都出眼淚了。
Billy: You are such a dill Michael. Maybe someone is re-heating their lunch.
比利：你真是個(gè)傻瓜邁克爾。也許是有人在加熱他們的午餐。
Michael: This cannot be someone's lunch! No one could eat something that smelled that bad.
邁克爾：不可能是某個(gè)人的午餐!沒有人會(huì)吃味道那么糟糕的東西。
Billy: You know that we have people from many different countries working in the office and their cuisine is very different from ours.
比利：你要知道在我們辦公室里工作的人來(lái)自不同的國(guó)家，他們的飲食跟我們是完全不同的。
Michael: But they are in our country now! They should act like we do!
邁克爾：可他們現(xiàn)在在我們的國(guó)家!他們做事的方式應(yīng)該跟我們一樣!
Billy: You cannot say that! What you just said is very insulting and ignorant. You need a lesson in Cultural Diversity at work.
比利：你不可以這么說(shuō)!你剛才說(shuō)的話很無(wú)禮也很無(wú)知。你需要了解一下公司中的文化差異。
�、�.單詞簡(jiǎn)析
1) Inferno: a very large fire
很大的火
ex:Whenever we have a barbeque, my father builds an inferno that cooks meat in about two seconds!
每次我們吃烤肉的時(shí)候我爸爸都把火燒得很旺，這樣肉很快就烤熟了!
2) Dill: idiot, stupid person
傻瓜，愚蠢的人
ex:When I was learning to drive a car, my teacher called me a dill about 50 times each lesson.
我學(xué)開車的'時(shí)候，我的教練每一次課要叫我五十次傻瓜。
3) Cuisine: a French word for food that is now commonly used in English
法語(yǔ)詞，指食物，菜肴，現(xiàn)在已廣泛應(yīng)用于英語(yǔ)中
ex:I love living in the city because you have so many different types of cuisine to choose from!
我喜歡住在城市里是因?yàn)槟阌泻芏嗖煌N類的菜肴可以選擇!
4) Ignorant: someone showing a lack of knowledge or intelligence
無(wú)知：缺乏知識(shí)或智慧的人
ex:Some people say that ignorance is bliss, but I would rather have all of the facts.
有人說(shuō)無(wú)知是福氣，可我寧愿知道所有的事實(shí)。
�、�.課文篇
Today we all live in an increasingly culturally diverse world. Each year thousands, if not millions, of people leave their homes to work abroad and almost every company no matter where you live, will employ people from other countries or cultures.
如今我們生活在一個(gè)文化上日趨多元化的世界里。每年都會(huì)有成千上萬(wàn)甚至幾百萬(wàn)的人離開家鄉(xiāng)到異國(guó)工作。不論你住在哪里，幾乎每個(gè)公司都會(huì)有來(lái)自不同國(guó)家或不同文化背景的員工。
Sadly, not everyone has the skills in interacting with people from other cultures. In a company, bad interaction between cultures leads to loss of productivity and can have a very bad impact on company morale.
不幸的是，并非每個(gè)人都很了解怎樣與外國(guó)人交流。在一個(gè)公司里，不同的文化之間得不到很好的地交流會(huì)導(dǎo)致公司的生產(chǎn)率下降，而且會(huì)對(duì)公司的士氣產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響。
Let's have a look at different types of cross-cultural training that exists to make sure that we can all get along in the work place:
讓我們來(lái)了解一下目前不同形式的跨文化培訓(xùn)，以保證我們大家都能夠在工作中做到游刃有余。
Diversity training is not a new idea. Diversity trainers use their expertise in:
多元化培訓(xùn)并不是一個(gè)新概念。培訓(xùn)者們從下列方面展開培訓(xùn)：
conflict resolution,
preparing organizations for increases in racial, ethnic, cultural, and gender diversity,
preparing employees for international work,
safeguarding against harassment and unfair employment lawsuits,
taking advantage of employee diversity to increase productivity,
conducting cultural audits,
managing sexual attraction in the workplace,
developing competencies needed to exploit the international marketplace.
紛爭(zhēng)解決，
讓公司做好面向種族、民族、文化和性別方面不斷多元化的準(zhǔn)備，
讓員工做好在國(guó)際環(huán)境下工作的準(zhǔn)備，
防止紛爭(zhēng)和不公平的員工訴訟，
利用員工文化多元化的特點(diǎn)增加生產(chǎn)率，
制定公司文化制度，
處理好工作中異性間的關(guān)系，
發(fā)展開發(fā)國(guó)際市場(chǎng)需要的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)機(jī)制。
Diversity training has existed for quite a while in some form or another, although different labels were used to refer to it. Perhaps the most globally shared label is cross-cultural training.
多元化培訓(xùn)已經(jīng)以一種形式或另一種形式存在很久了，盡管冠以的名稱不同。也許在世界范圍內(nèi)最被認(rèn)可的一種說(shuō)法是跨文化培訓(xùn)。
Race relations training and multicultural education are common labels used in the United States. As the labels suggest, diversity training aims to combat racism, sexism, exclusion, and ethnocentrism.
種族關(guān)系培訓(xùn)和多文化教育是在美國(guó)常用的名稱。顧名思義，多元化培訓(xùn)的目的是反對(duì)種族歧視、性別歧視、排外主義和種族中心主義。
Diversity training aims to give individuals and companies a competitive edge in an increasingly global community. Diversity courses provide people with the skills they need to get the most out of interactions with people of a different race, gender, or nationality.
多元化培訓(xùn)旨在使員工和公司在日趨國(guó)際化的社會(huì)中具有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)。多元化課程為人們提供必要的技能，使他們從與不同種族、性別或國(guó)家的人們的交流中最大獲益。
Multicultural training focuses on educating people to understand and appreciate cultural differences. Diversity training focuses on building community rather than pointing out how people are different.
多文化培訓(xùn)的中心是讓人們理解和正確認(rèn)識(shí)文化差異。多元化培訓(xùn)注重的是建立一個(gè)共同的社會(huì)而不是突出人們之間是怎樣不同。
Appreciation of differences is important, but it is not considered the highest priority competency. The abilities to make others comfortable and included are most important, no matter how much you know about their culture.
正確認(rèn)識(shí)文化間的差異很重要，但并不被認(rèn)為是最重要的能力。不論你對(duì)其他人的文化了解多少，在交流中讓他們感到舒服和親切是最重要的能力。
Cross-cultural training focuses on educating people to manage themselves in other countries or as a minority in another cultural group. Diversity training provides knowledge and skills to manage cultural differences that exist in one's own country and in others.
跨文化培訓(xùn)的核心在于培訓(xùn)人們?cè)谄渌麌?guó)家或做為少數(shù)民族在其他文化群體中處理事情的能力。多元化培訓(xùn)提供給人們?cè)谧约簢?guó)家或其他國(guó)家處理文化差異的知識(shí)和技巧。
Diversity also includes gender, sexual preference, religion, and other types of diversity that are not central in cross-cultural training.
多元化還包括性別、性歧視、宗教和其它方面的多元化，這些都不是跨文化培訓(xùn)的中心內(nèi)容。
Race relations training focuses on educating people to understand and appreciate racial differences, and helping different races get along. Race refers to skin color differences in the United States while Europeans tend to include nationality in their definition. American race relations trainers often assume that White American privilege is a central problem in addressing racism.
種族關(guān)系培訓(xùn)注重于培訓(xùn)人們對(duì)種族差異的理解和正確認(rèn)識(shí)，幫助不同種族的人們?nèi)谇⑾嗵�。種族在美國(guó)指的是皮膚顏色的不同，而在歐洲人的定義中還包括國(guó)籍。美國(guó)種族關(guān)系的培訓(xùn)者們經(jīng)常認(rèn)為美國(guó)白人至上是種族歧視的中心問(wèn)題。
Diversity training includes race relations while addresses the general problem of dealing with people who are different. Institutional barriers are considered without placing blame on individuals.
多元化培訓(xùn)將種族關(guān)系包括其中，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是解決不同文化背景的人們之間存在的普遍問(wèn)題。它考慮的是習(xí)俗上的差異而不會(huì)將錯(cuò)誤歸咎于個(gè)人。
�、�.對(duì)話篇
Jeff: Hey Joan. Do you want to have lunch with me today?
杰夫：嗨瓊!今天愿意跟我一起吃午餐嗎?
Joan: I would love to, but I have already accepted an invitation to eat with Mr Singh from the marketing department.
瓊：很愿意，可我已經(jīng)接受了市場(chǎng)部辛格先生的邀請(qǐng)跟他一起吃飯。
Jeff: Isn't he Indian?
杰夫：他不是印度人嗎?
Joan: Yes, he is from India. What does that matter?
瓊：對(duì)，他是從印度來(lái)的。這有什么關(guān)系嗎?
Jeff: Well, he will want to have hot curries for lunch.
杰夫：他午餐會(huì)點(diǎn)熱咖喱。
Joan: I cannot believe how ignorant you are some days. Do you eat hamburgers everyday just because you are an American?
瓊：有的時(shí)候我真的不敢相信你是多么無(wú)知。就因?yàn)槟闶敲绹?guó)人你就要每天吃漢堡包嗎?
Jeff: Of course not. That would be stupid.
杰夫：當(dāng)然不是，那樣很愚蠢。
Joan: That's right! Maybe Mr Singh would enjoy Japanese food for lunch?
瓊：沒錯(cuò)!也許辛格先生午餐想吃日本菜呢。
Jeff: Great! I love Japanese food. Can I join you?
杰夫：太好了!我很喜歡日本菜。我能跟你們一起去嗎?
Joan: Only if you promise to be culturally sensitive!
瓊：除非你保證對(duì)文化敏感一點(diǎn)兒!
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