提高效率的五種冷門(mén)卻有效的方法
早睡早起，勞逸結(jié)合，這些都是非常廣為人知的提高效率的方法。但是你知道在干擾下工作，睡前喝咖啡，甚至一心多用都能提高效率嗎?聽(tīng)起來(lái)一定很奇怪，那就讀下去看看有沒(méi)有道理吧。
You already know that you should wake up early to become more productive, and perhaps you have also heard that you shouldn’t check your email first thing in the morning. While this advice is good and well-documented, there is also another kind of productivity advice that is as effective as well. Even if the tips are less-known and somewhat counter-intuitive, you just have to give them a try and see how they work for you.
你早已知道為了提高效率你應(yīng)該早起，或許你也早已耳聞你不該在早上頭一件事就檢查電子郵件。這些建議都是很好的而且證據(jù)充分的，然而還是有很多其他同樣有效的提高效率的方法。盡管這些建議相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)比較不為人知，而且有點(diǎn)有違常理。但你還是應(yīng)該試一試，看看它們?cè)谀闵砩掀鸩黄鹱饔谩?/p>
1. Work when there is a distraction around
1.在有干擾的情況下工作
Your environment doesn’t have to be 100% quiet if you want to get work done. Let’s say that you are working from home and you have kids. Let’s also assume that you don’t have a dedicated workspace in your home to do your work. Naturally, you could decide to do work during the quiet hours (before the rest of the family wakes up), but not all of the tasks have to be done then.
在你想要完成一件工作的時(shí)候，你周?chē)沫h(huán)境并不一定要100%的安靜。比方說(shuō)你在家里工作，而你有幾個(gè)孩子。假設(shè)你在家里并沒(méi)有專(zhuān)門(mén)的工作場(chǎng)所，當(dāng)然，你可以選擇在安靜的時(shí)間工作。(在其他家庭成員起床以前)，但那樣的話就不一定能把所有的工作都做完了。
The fact is that there are certain tasks which allow more distraction than others, and when you know this, you can plan your days more efficiently. In fact, you could dedicate those quiet hours to working on something valuable while the rest of the time (when your family is awake) you can finish less valuable tasks. For instance, I can check most of my social media accounts, do some simple blog-related maintenance tasks or check my e-mail (most of the time) even if my son is pulling my sleeveor if the TV is on in the background. When I know that certain tasks do not require my full concentration, it’s easier to plan my days with that knowledge in mind.
事實(shí)上，有些任務(wù)比起其他任務(wù)來(lái)說(shuō)能夠忍受更多的干擾，如果你知道這點(diǎn)，你就能更有效率地規(guī)劃你的生活了。事實(shí)上，你可以花些安靜的時(shí)間去做那些更有價(jià)值的工作，而用剩下的時(shí)間(你的家人還醒著的時(shí)候)做一些不那么有價(jià)值的任務(wù)。比如說(shuō)，即使我兒子正在扯我的袖子，或者電視打開(kāi)著，我還是可以檢查我大部分的社交媒體賬戶，做一些簡(jiǎn)單的博客維護(hù)工作，檢查電子郵件(大部分時(shí)間)。當(dāng)我知道了有些特定的任務(wù)不需要完全的精神集中，我安排日程的時(shí)候就方便得多了。
2. Drink coffee before taking a nap
2.在小睡前喝一杯咖啡
Want to boost your afternoon productivity? Then take a caffeine nap! According to a study by Jim Maas, PhD, professor of psychology at Cornell University, combining coffee and napping time can have a big improvement in one’s personal productivity. Coffee enters your bloodstreamapproximately 20 minutes after you have consumed it. The minute figure is exactly the same as the length of your nap, so these two play well together. In order to implement this technique, do this:
你想要大幅提高你下午的`效率嗎?打個(gè)帶咖啡因的盹吧!根據(jù)康奈爾大學(xué)心理學(xué)教授Jim Maas博士的一項(xiàng)研究表明，把咖啡和午睡結(jié)合起來(lái)能大大地提高一個(gè)人的效率。你喝了咖啡大約20分鐘后它才會(huì)進(jìn)入你的血液循環(huán)中。這個(gè)時(shí)間和你午睡的時(shí)間正好相等，所以它們能夠合作無(wú)間。為了實(shí)施好這個(gè)方法，你要這么做：
Drink a cup of coffee
喝一杯咖啡
Take a 20-minute nap right afterward
喝完馬上打一個(gè)20分鐘的盹
Wake-up refreshed
清醒地醒來(lái)
If you are not a coffee drinker, that’s fine too: even with a 20-minute nap alone, you can feel super-fresh and productive as well.
假如你不是個(gè)愛(ài)喝咖啡的人，也沒(méi)問(wèn)題：就算只是打個(gè)20分鐘的盹，你也會(huì)感到非常清醒，充滿效率。
3. Work in a train
3.在火車(chē)上工作
It’s so funny to think that the places that seem like the last ones in which to get anything done are the best for productivity. I’m talking about trains, and when I travel alone, I look forward to getting work done there. The effect is almost like working in a coffee shop, where people come and go and there is some distraction around all of the time. This kind of ambienceis the same on trains, but the distraction doesn’t bother me at all. In fact, I have done a lot of work during my trips when I’m moving from one place to another. To maximize your train working experience, prepare yourself in the following way:
把看起來(lái)最不適合工作的地方想成效率最高的地方，這看起來(lái)有些好笑。沒(méi)錯(cuò)，我確實(shí)是在說(shuō)火車(chē)，當(dāng)我一個(gè)人旅行的時(shí)候，我非常期待在上面完成工作。那種效果就好像在一家咖啡店里工作一樣，人們走來(lái)走去，無(wú)論何時(shí)都充滿了干擾。這種氣氛和在火車(chē)上是一樣的，只是這種干擾完全不會(huì)對(duì)我產(chǎn)生困擾。事實(shí)上，我已經(jīng)在旅途中完成了許多工作了。為了最大化地利用好你在火車(chē)上的工作時(shí)間，你應(yīng)該這樣做：
Have your material ready (for e.g. I have outlined all my blog posts before I start writing them)
準(zhǔn)備好資料(比方說(shuō)，在我寫(xiě)所有博文之前，我都早已給它們寫(xiě)了個(gè)大綱)
The material can be used offline if necessary (download the documents and other files to your local computer in advance)
確保資料能離線使用(把文件提前下載到你的電腦里)
Have a mobile Internet access with you
帶一個(gè)移動(dòng)上網(wǎng)工具
Headphones (for listening to podcasts and educational material, or even listening to music when working)
準(zhǔn)備好耳機(jī)(為了聽(tīng)播客或是教育性材料，甚至是在工作時(shí)聽(tīng)聽(tīng)音樂(lè))
An e-book reader (if for some reason your laptop batteries die down, you can use your time productively)
帶一個(gè)電子書(shū)閱讀器(以免你的電腦如果死機(jī)了，你可以有效率地利用你的時(shí)間)
Finally, decide in advance what you want to do. For instance, I have been writing e-books, blog posts or going through some educational materials while I travel. When you plan your train time, you can get started with your tasks right away and no time is spent on figuring out what to do when you should be already working.
最后，提前決定好你要做什么。比如說(shuō)，我曾經(jīng)在旅行時(shí)寫(xiě)電子書(shū)、博文或是聽(tīng)一些教育性的材料。當(dāng)你計(jì)劃你在火車(chē)上的時(shí)間時(shí)，應(yīng)該確保你可以直接開(kāi)始工作，這樣當(dāng)你正在工作時(shí)就不用考慮要做什么了。
4. Close the curtains
4.拉上窗簾
It may sound funny that closing the curtains can improve your productivity but it’s actually true. For instance, I might do some work at the dining table where there is a window to the left of me. Since I can see the nearby parking space through the window (and the people and moving cars as well), the movement might catch my attention, so the simplest way to prevent the distraction is to close the curtains. That way I’m not able to sense the movement and I can put all of my attention to my work. If you have similar kinds of experiences, do this simple thing to fix the situation.
拉上窗簾能提高效率聽(tīng)上去或許顯得有些好笑，但這是真的。比方說(shuō)，我必須在餐桌上做一些工作，而我左邊正好有一面窗。我從窗里能看到附近的停車(chē)位(還有行人和車(chē)輛)，這些動(dòng)靜或許會(huì)吸引我的注意力，因此最簡(jiǎn)單的避免干擾的方法就是把窗簾拉上。這樣我就不會(huì)去關(guān)注那些動(dòng)靜，從而能把所有注意力都集中在工作上。如果你也有類(lèi)似的經(jīng)歷，和我一樣做來(lái)解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題吧。
5. Multitasking
5.一心多用
Would you believe me if I said that multitasking can make you more productive? Well, that’s what I’m telling you and I’ll let you know how. In normal circumstances you should focus on one thing at a time: for instance, if you are creating something (like writing a blog post), you should focus on the writing part and nothing else. But what about those boring tasks that you have to do—no matter what? Let’s imagine that you have to do manual data input work and there is no way around that. To make things a little bit easier, you could do something that is referred as “mindful multitasking,” and the basic idea is to use multitasking to get the boring thing done.
要是我說(shuō)一心多用能提高你的效率你會(huì)相信嗎?好吧，這正是我要說(shuō)的，我也會(huì)告訴你要怎么做。一般情況下，你同時(shí)只會(huì)關(guān)注于一件事情：比方說(shuō)，你在創(chuàng)作什么東西(比如寫(xiě)一篇博文)，你應(yīng)該專(zhuān)注于寫(xiě)作。但是干那些無(wú)聊的任務(wù)的時(shí)候呢?想象一下你要做手動(dòng)信息輸入工作，而且除了手打沒(méi)有別的方法。為了讓事情更簡(jiǎn)單，你可以進(jìn)行“提神性的一心多用”，它的基本思想是，在做無(wú)聊的事情時(shí)做些別的事情。
In our example, when you are doing a data entry task, you could check your Facebook page or your e-mail every once in a while to make you more alert. When you do this, you are more energized to take care of the boring tasks. The mindful part comes from understanding that you are indeed multitasking. You also realize that this is decreasing your performance, but at the same time, you are willing to accept the costs, since it helps you to get the tediouswork done.
比方說(shuō)，當(dāng)你在做信息錄入工作時(shí)，你可以隔一段時(shí)間看看你的Facebook主頁(yè)或是電子郵件來(lái)讓你保持清醒。當(dāng)你這么做的時(shí)候，你就更有動(dòng)力做那些無(wú)聊的任務(wù)了。提神的部分來(lái)自于你知道你在一心多用，而你也明白這會(huì)降低你的效率，但同時(shí)，你也欣然接受這份損失，因?yàn)樗鼛椭阃瓿闪四羌䶮o(wú)聊的工作。
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