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until的用法

時(shí)間:2022-12-15 10:03:08 考試英語(yǔ) 我要投稿
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關(guān)于until的用法

  Until用法:表示“直到……為止”,兩者常可換用,只是 until 比 till稍正式,所以在正式文體中,一般用 until,而在口語(yǔ)或非正式文體中則兩者都可用.從其后所接成分來(lái)看,till多與名詞或較短的從句連用,而較長(zhǎng)較復(fù)雜的成分多用 until,位于句首時(shí)也多用 until.接下來(lái)就由小編帶來(lái)以下內(nèi)容,希望對(duì)你有所幫助!

  連詞 conj. 直到…為止

  up to the time when

  · Ill wait until he arrives and then Ill leave.

  我要等他來(lái)以后再離開(kāi).

  · Go straight on untill you come to a large red building.

  一直往前,走到一幢高大的紅色建筑物為止.

  · Lets wait until the rain stops.

  咱們等雨停吧.

  · The teacher kept on asking the students questions until the bell rang.

  老師反復(fù)向?qū)W生提問(wèn),直到下課鈴響.

  連詞 conj. (在否定句中)在…之前

  in (in negative constructions) before

  · I shant do that until you come back.

  在你回來(lái)之前,我不會(huì)干那件事.

  · We wont come to any decision until we have had a chance to discuss the problem thoroughly.

  我們有機(jī)會(huì)充分討論這個(gè)問(wèn)題再?zèng)Q定下來(lái).

  · Until you told me I had no idea of it.

  在你告訴我之前,我對(duì)此一無(wú)所知.

  介詞 prep. 直到…為止

  up to a certain time

  · It was only a week until Christmas.

  離圣誕節(jié)只有一個(gè)星期了.

  · She will stay until Saturday.

  她要一直呆到星期六.

  介詞 prep. 在…之前;不到…(不)

  before

  · I cant come until tomorrow.

  我得明天才能來(lái).

  · Not until noon did it stop raining.

  直到中午雨才停止.

  · Until then, I knew nothing at all about it.

  在那以前,我對(duì)此一無(wú)所知.

  · Until her fathers death, she had always lived in London.

  在她父親去世之前,她一直住在倫敦.

    not until用法

  until可用作介詞或連詞,意為“到……時(shí)候?yàn)橹埂、“到……時(shí)候才”或“在……時(shí)候以前不”.什么情況下表達(dá)什么意思,關(guān)鍵要看(主)句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是終止性動(dòng)詞還是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞.

  1.如果(主)句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是終止性動(dòng)詞,應(yīng)采用“...not ...until ...”結(jié)構(gòu),意為“……到……時(shí)候才……”.例如:

  You mustn’t eat anything until you see the doctor.

  看過(guò)醫(yī)生之后,你才能吃東西.

  Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped.

  車(chē)停穩(wěn)了以后再下車(chē).

  2.如果(主)句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,那么謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用肯定式或否定式,它們所表達(dá)的意思有所不同.

  1) 如果謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為肯定式,則until譯為“到……時(shí)候?yàn)橹埂?例如:

  I watched TV until she came back.

  我看電視一直看到她回來(lái).

  2) 如果謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為否定式,則until應(yīng)譯為“到……時(shí)候才”,即“在……以前不”.例如:

  I did not watch TV until she came back.(= I began to watch TV when/after she came back.)

  直到她回來(lái)我才開(kāi)始看電視.

  3.用終止性動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)時(shí),until既可以和not連用,又可以和never,nobody,nothing,few,little,seldom,hardly等含否定意義的詞連用.例如:

  I had not seen him until 1990.(= I had never seen him until 1990.)

  1990年以前我從未見(jiàn)過(guò)他.

  Don’t put off until tomorrow what you can do today.(= Never put off what you can do today till tomorrow.)

  今日事,今日畢.

  4.連詞until引導(dǎo)的從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài).

  1) 主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般將來(lái)時(shí)時(shí),until從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作之前.試比較:

  I won’t go to bed until I have finished my homework.

  我要完成作業(yè)才睡覺(jué).

  2) 主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為一般過(guò)去時(shí)時(shí),從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為過(guò)去完成時(shí),用來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作之前.試比較:

  Li Lei didn’t come until the film had begun.

  直到電影開(kāi)演,李雷才來(lái).

  〔特別提醒〕 till和until的意思基本相同,用法也基本一樣,但until語(yǔ)氣較重,多用于較正式的文體里.till多用于英式英語(yǔ),until多用于美式英語(yǔ); till不能用在句首,也不能用在not開(kāi)頭的短語(yǔ)或從句里,而until可以.例如:

  Until he came home,we knew the news.

  在他到家之前,我們不知道這消息.

  Not until nine o’clock yesterday evening did we finish the work.

  直到昨晚九點(diǎn),我們才完成這項(xiàng)工作.

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