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英語(yǔ)完全及物動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)法
下面是小編搜集整理的英語(yǔ)完全及物動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)法，快來(lái)看看吧。
完全及物動(dòng)詞
稍早提到，完全及物動(dòng)詞就是加了賓語(yǔ)后意思很完整的動(dòng)詞，有主動(dòng)及被動(dòng)兩個(gè)語(yǔ)態(tài)。在此，我們要與大家討論主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。至于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)用法，我們則將在語(yǔ)態(tài)的專篇中再討論。完全及物動(dòng)詞在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，用法極為簡(jiǎn)單，句型如下：主語(yǔ)+完全及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)(Object,簡(jiǎn)稱O.)
例：Peter loves music.
(彼得喜愛(ài)音樂(lè)。)
They want to go dancing.
(他們要去跳舞。)
He thinks that the book is good.
(他認(rèn)為這本書很好。)
完全及物動(dòng)詞用法
完全及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)有名詞、代詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、名詞從句及名詞短語(yǔ)等。同學(xué)稍加注意，就可發(fā)現(xiàn)這些詞類、短語(yǔ)或從句均有名詞的特性，故亦同時(shí)可以做主語(yǔ)。
1.名詞充當(dāng)及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)
例：he didn't but that car.
(他沒(méi)有買那部車。)
2.代詞充當(dāng)及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)
例：i don't like john,indeed,i hate him.
(我不喜歡約翰，事實(shí)上，我恨他。)
3.動(dòng)名詞充當(dāng)及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)：并非所有及物動(dòng)詞均可用動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)。常以動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有下列幾個(gè)：
例：he considered studying abroad.
(他考慮出國(guó)念書。)
i once imagined going to the beach with them.
(我曾想象和他們?nèi)ズ＿叀?
i just can't fancy getting along with them.
(我無(wú)法想象和他們相處的情形。)
he risked doing it.
(他冒險(xiǎn)做這事。)
i avoided seeing him again.
(我避免再看見(jiàn)他。)
he escaped being killed in the accident.
(他在意外中幸免于難。)
they suggested putting off the game.
(他們建議比賽延期。)
he recommended traveling abroad.
(他建議去國(guó)外旅行。)
i enjoy dancing.
(我喜歡跳舞。)
i resent having to do so much work.
(我討厭要做這么多工作。)
i practiced playing the piano.
(我練習(xí)彈鋼琴。)
he stopped/quit smoking.
(他戒煙了。)
would you mind opening the window for me?
(你介意為我打開窗戶嗎?)
注意
resist+v-ing 拒絕=refuse+to+原形動(dòng)詞
例：i refused to do it.
(我拒絕做此事。)
i couldn't resist crying when i heard the sad news.
(我聽(tīng)見(jiàn)這個(gè)令人悲傷的消息時(shí)，忍不住哭了出來(lái)。)
注意
expect+to+原形動(dòng)詞 期望……=anticipate+v-ing
例：i expect to travel around the world with him.
=i anticipate travelling around the world with him.
(我期望和他一起環(huán)游世界。)
注意
stop+v-ing 停止=quit+v-ing=cease+v-ing/to+原形動(dòng)詞
例：he stopped writing when he saw me.
(當(dāng)他看見(jiàn)我時(shí)就不寫了。)
he decided to quit smoking.
(他決定戒煙。)
he ceased to talk to her/(talking to her)after he knew she was so bad.
(當(dāng)他知道她這么壞時(shí)，就不再和她說(shuō)話。)
注意
stop+to+原形動(dòng)詞 停下來(lái)而去……
例：he stopped to talk to me when he saw me.
=he stopped(what he was doing)to talk to me when he saw me.
(他看見(jiàn)我時(shí)，停下來(lái)和我說(shuō)話。)
注意
continue(繼續(xù))，start(開始),begin(開始),like(喜歡)，love(愛(ài))，dislike(不喜歡)，hate(恨)，可用不定式或動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)，意思不變。
例：he continued trying/(to try) it.
(他繼續(xù)試著做。)
they started building/(to build) the house.
(他們開始建這棟房子。)
i like/love/hate/dislike listenint/(to listen) to music.
(我喜歡/愛(ài)/厭惡/不喜歡聽(tīng)音樂(lè)。)
4.名詞從句充當(dāng)及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)
稍早我們已為同學(xué)介紹名詞從句的構(gòu)成方式、種類及其功能，再提醒一下，名詞從句有三種：
(1)that he can't do it
(他不能做此事)
(2)whether he will come
(他是否會(huì)來(lái))
(3)疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的名詞從句
when he will do it
(他何時(shí)做)
what he is doing
(他正在做什么)
how he'll handle it
(他如何處理此事)
為了方便記憶起見(jiàn)，我們可將名詞從句記成“戴慧怡”。戴：即that之訛音;慧：即whether第一音節(jié)之訛音;怡：即疑問(wèn)詞從句“疑”之同音字，由于名詞從句具有名詞的功能，故亦可做及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)。
例：i believe that he is a man of his word.
(我相信他是個(gè)有信用的人。)
i wonder whether he can do it.
(我不知道他是否能夠做此事。)
i don't know where he lives.
(我不知道他住哪里。)
注意
that從句做及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，名詞從句連接詞that通常予以省略
例：they feel(that)it is hard to do the job.
(他們覺(jué)得做這件工作很難。)
he thinks(that)the book is worthy of reading.
(他認(rèn)為這本書值得讀。)
注意
whether從句做及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，名詞從句連接詞whether亦可被if取代。
例：i don't know whether the typhoon will come.
=i don't know if the typhoon will come.
(我不知道臺(tái)風(fēng)是否會(huì)來(lái)。)
i doubt whether the man is competent enough to handle it.
=i doubt if the man is competent enough to handle it.
(我不知道這個(gè)人是否有足夠的能力處理此事。)
但：whether從句若做主語(yǔ)、介詞的賓語(yǔ)或be動(dòng)詞的補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，則whether不可被if取代。
�、賥hether從句做主語(yǔ)：
例：whether he can go is not yet known.(o)
(他是否能去還不知道。)
if he can go is not yet known.(x)
但：it is not yet known whether he can go.(o)
=it is not yet known if he can go.(o)
②whether從句做介詞的賓語(yǔ)
例：he is worried about whether he can join them.(o)
(他很擔(dān)心是否能加入我們。)
he is worried about if he can join them(x)
�、踳hether從句做be動(dòng)詞的補(bǔ)語(yǔ)：
例：the problem is whether he has enough money for the trip.
(問(wèn)題在于他是否有足夠的錢旅行。)
the problem is if he has enough money for the trip.(x)
5.名詞短語(yǔ)(構(gòu)成方式見(jiàn)第一節(jié)第5項(xiàng))充當(dāng)及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)
例：i know how to handle the problem.
(我知道如何處理這問(wèn)題。)
i don't know whom to talk to.
(我不知道該向誰(shuí)說(shuō)。)
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