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高中英語語法it的用法
高中階段的英語學習，其實就是學語法、記單詞和研究并熟練題型。其中，語法是大多數同學最頭疼的問題，原因在于其內容之繁雜和零散，下面是小編收集整理的高中英語語法it的用法，供大家參考借鑒，希望可以幫助到有需要的朋友。
It用法及其句型和固定搭配，是高中英語語法的重點、難點，又是高考英語的熱點，因此應給予充分的重視，現將it用法歸納如下：
一、作人稱代詞
1、it代替前面(或后面)的單數名詞或分句等所表示的事物。
e.g. You cannot eat your cake but have it.(it代替前面的cake)Although we cannot see it, there is air all around us. (it代替后面的air)They say he has left town, but I don’t believe it. (it代替前面They…town分句中的情況)
2、代替有生命但不能或不必分陰陽性的東西(包括嬰兒)。
e.g. Yesterday we saw a big tree. It was fully twenty metres high. (it代替前面的tree)The baby cried because it was hungry. (it代替前面的baby)
3、在某些習慣說法中，可以代替人。
e.g. -- Someone is knocking at the door, Peter. -- Who is it? -- It’s me.
-- Who are singing? -- It is the children.
-- The light is still on in the lab. It must be the third-year students doing the experiment.
4、it與one的區(qū)別：這兩個詞都可以代表前面說過的名詞，但it用于同名同物的場合;one則用于同名異物的場合。
e.g. -- Do you still have the bicycle? -- No, I have sold it.
-- Is this knife yours? -- No. It is Xiao Zhang’s. Mine is the one on the desk.
5、it與that的區(qū)別：兩詞都可代替某一特定名詞，但that指同一類，并非同一個。
e.g. The climate of South China is mild(溫和的); I like it very much.(it指the climate of South China)The climate of South China is much better than that of Japan.(that指the climate)
二、作無人稱代詞it作無人稱代詞時，除了句中找不到它所代表的詞語外，另一個特點是它后面的內容都是表示天氣、時間、距離、度量衡及情況等。
It is fine (rainy, windy, etc.).
It is noon.
It is a half hour’s walk to the factory.
It is eighteen square metres in area.
What does it matter?
三、作強調詞，構成強調結構用以幫助改變句子結構，使句子的某一成分受到強調。
“It is (was) + 所強調的成分+ that (who) + 其它成分�！痹谶@個句型中，it本身沒有詞義。在使用強調句型時需注意以下幾點：
1. 請注意強調句型的特殊疑問句例When was it that he changed his mind to take part in the activity?
2. 在強調原因狀語從句時，只能強調由because所引導的從句例It was because he was ill that he didnt come to school yesterday.
3. 在強調not … until結構時必須把not與until一起放到被強調的位置上例It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was my brother.
4. 注意強調句型與定語從句的區(qū)別例It was at 7 oclock that he came here yesterday.( 強調句型)It was 7 oclock when he came here yesterday.(定語從句)四、It用作形式主語It替代作主語的從句、動詞不定式、動名詞，而把真正作主語的從句、動詞不定式、動名詞置于句尾
四、強調句
�。ㄒ唬⿵娬{句句型
1、陳述句的強調句型：It is/ was +被強調部分（通常是主語、賓語或狀語）+ that/ who（當強調主語且主語指人）+ 其它部分。e.g. It wasyesterdaythat he met Li Ping.
2、一般疑問句的強調句型：同上，只是把is/ was提到it前面。e.g. Was ityesterdaythat he met Li Ping?
3、特殊疑問句的強調句型：被強調部分（通常是疑問代詞或疑問副詞）+ is/ was + it + that/ who +其它部分？e.g.When and wherewas it that you were born?
4、強調句例句：針對I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.句子進行強調。強調主語：It was I that (who) met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.強調賓語：It was Li Ming that I met at the railway station yesterday.強調地點狀語：It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.強調時間狀語：It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.
5、注意：構成強調句的it本身沒有詞義；強調句中的連接詞一般只用that, who，即使在強調時間狀語和地點狀語時也如此，that, who不可省略；強調句中的時態(tài)只用兩種，一般現在時和一般過去時。原句謂語動詞是一般過去時、過去完成時和過去進行時，用It was …，其余的時態(tài)用It is …。
（二）not … until …句型的強調句
1、句型為：It is/ was not until +被強調部分+ that +其它部分e.g. 普通句：He didn’t go to bed until/ till his wife came back.強調句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.
2、注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是強調句型，till, until可通用；因為句型中It is/ was not …已經是否定句了，that后面的從句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。
�。ㄈ┲^語動詞的強調
1、It is/ was … that …結構不能強調謂語，如果需要強調謂語時，用助動詞do/ does或did。e.g. Do sit down. 務必請坐。He did write to you last week. 上周他確實給你寫了信。Do be careful when you cross the street. 過馬路時，務必（千萬）要小心啊！
2、注意：此種強調只用do/ does和did ，沒有別的形式；過去時用did ，后面的謂語動詞用原形。
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