英語考試語法疑問代詞用法
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疑問代詞指用于引出特殊疑問句的代詞,有who, whom, whose, which, what等,它們?cè)诰渲锌捎米髦髡Z、表語、賓語、定語等。
一、what和which的比較
1. 無論是做疑問代詞還是限定詞,which 和 what 所指的范圍不同。what所指的范圍是無限的,而which則指在一定的范圍內(nèi),例如:
Tell me which ones you want.
告訴我哪些是你需要的。
Tell me what do you want.
告訴我你需要些什么。
2. which可以引導(dǎo)定語從句,what不行,例如:
Boston is a compact city, which makes it easy to get around on foot.
波士頓是一個(gè)緊湊型城市,我們很容易就可以把它走完。
It's a dangerous post in which no man could stay long.
這是個(gè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)極大的職位,沒有人能長久地坐在這個(gè)位子上。
二、who和whom的比較
1. who通常作主語和表語,whom作賓語,例如:
Who is to take the chair?
誰做主席?
Who is speaking?
是哪一位(打電話)?
Who(m) did you meet on the street?
你在街上遇到了誰?(作動(dòng)詞賓語)
Who(m) are you taking the book to?
你要把這書帶給誰?(作介詞賓語,置句首)
To whom did you speak on the campus?
你在校園里和誰講話了?(作介詞賓語,置介詞 后,不能用who取代。)
2. who和whom都可以引導(dǎo)定語從句,跟who和whom的一般用法一樣
I live with a friend who's actually in another graduate school.
我與一個(gè)跟我不同研究生學(xué)院的朋友住在一起。
The Latter Prophets are poetic and oracular writings that bear the name of the prophet to whom the writings are ascribed.
后先知書則是詩歌型和神論似的著作,預(yù)言家被認(rèn)為是完成這部作品的人。
三、whose, what, which的`用法比較
(1)作主語:
What happened next? 后來怎么樣了呢?
Whose is better? 誰的好一些?
Which is yours? 哪是你的?
(2) 作表語:
What’s your father? 你父親是干什么的?
Whose is it? 這是誰的?
They are so alike, you can’t tell which is which. 他們是那樣相像,你都分不出誰是誰了。
(3) 作賓語:
What do you mean? 你是什么意思?
Which do you prefer? 你愿意要哪一個(gè)?
Whose are you going to borrow? 你預(yù)備借誰的?
(4) 作定語:
Which train will you take? 你搭哪一班火車?
What time shall we meet again? 我們什么時(shí)候再碰頭?
Whose umbrella is this? 這是誰的雨傘?
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