初二下英語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法
下面是小編收集整理的初二下重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法，歡迎閱讀。
一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的應(yīng)用
do/does 的一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)形式：(shall/will) do
do/does 的一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：(shall/will) be done
一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的肯定句、否定句、疑問(wèn)句形式：
肯定句例句：People will have robots in a few years.
否定句例句：People (will not/won't) have robots in a few years.
一般疑問(wèn)句例句：Will people have robots in a few years?
特殊疑問(wèn)句例句：What will people have in a few years?
過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)
一、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)
should/would+動(dòng)詞原形
do/does 的過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)形式：(should/would) do
do/does的過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：(should/would) be done
過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的肯定句、否定句、疑問(wèn)句形式：
肯定句例句：You should write a letter to him.
否定句例句：You shouldn't write a letter to him.
一般疑問(wèn)句例句：Should I write a letter to him?
特殊疑問(wèn)句例句：What should I do?
過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)
do/does 的過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)形式：(was/were) doing
do/does 的過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：(was/were) being done
過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)的肯定句、否定句和疑問(wèn)句形式：
肯定句例句：I was walking down the street when a UFO landed.
否定句例句：I wasn't walking down the street when a UFO landed.
一般疑問(wèn)句例句：Were you walking down the street when a UFO landed?
特殊疑問(wèn)句例句：What were you doing when a UFO landed?
動(dòng)詞 when 和 while 的選擇：when 后加瞬間動(dòng)詞，while 后加延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。
例句：The boy was walking down the street when the UFO landed.
=While the boy was walking down the street, the UFO landed.
賓語(yǔ)從句
結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 + 賓語(yǔ)從句(主語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 + 賓語(yǔ)/表語(yǔ))
1、引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞
(1)that：沒(méi)有含義，在賓語(yǔ)從句中不做成分
(2)whether/if：表示是否，賓語(yǔ)從句中不做成分。
I don't know if /whether he still lives here after so many years. 我不知道這么多年后，他是否還住在這里。
(3)連接代詞：what, which, who, whom, whose(在賓語(yǔ)從句中做主、賓、表和定語(yǔ))
連接副詞：where, when, how, why(在賓語(yǔ)從句中做狀語(yǔ))
2、在做賓語(yǔ)從句的題目時(shí)應(yīng)注意時(shí)態(tài)
(1)當(dāng)主句是現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句可以根據(jù)需要使用任何時(shí)態(tài)。
He tells me that his sister came back yesterday.他告訴我他姐姐昨天回來(lái)了。
(2)當(dāng)主句是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句必須是一種過(guò)去的時(shí)態(tài)。
She asked me if I knew whose pen it was.她問(wèn)我是否知道這是誰(shuí)的鋼筆。
(3)當(dāng)表示客觀事實(shí)或普遍真理的句子做賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，任何時(shí)候都用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.老師說(shuō)過(guò)地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。
if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句
結(jié)構(gòu)：主句 + if + 條件狀語(yǔ)從句
if + 條件狀語(yǔ)從句 + [(comma)] + 主句
注意：
在 if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，主句應(yīng)用將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，狀語(yǔ)從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。
例句：You'll have a great time if you go to the party.
=If you go to the party, you'll have a great time.
現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)
do/does 的現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)形式：have/has been doing
do/does 的現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：have/has been being done
現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)所應(yīng)用的場(chǎng)合：
①某事從過(guò)去發(fā)生一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在都在做
�、谶^(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成影響
I have been making progress since he talked with me that time.自從那次他與我談過(guò)心后，我天天都在進(jìn)步。
現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的肯定句、否定句和疑問(wèn)句形式：
肯定句例句：I have been skating for five hours.
否定句例句：I haven't been skating for five hours.
一般疑問(wèn)句例句：Have you been skating for five hours?
特殊疑問(wèn)句例句：How long have you been skating?
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
一、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)
主語(yǔ) + have/has + 過(guò)去分詞 + 其他.(當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)用has,其余人稱用have.)
否定式:主語(yǔ) + haven't/hasn't + 過(guò)去分詞 + 其他.
疑問(wèn)式: Have /Has + 主語(yǔ) + 過(guò)去分詞 + 其他?
簡(jiǎn)略答語(yǔ): Yes, 主語(yǔ) + have/has.(肯定)
No, 主語(yǔ) + haven't/hasn't.(否定)
二、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用法、定義詳細(xì)講解
1、表示過(guò)去所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果，著眼點(diǎn)在現(xiàn)在，主要強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響。
He has lost his wallet.他的錢(qián)包丟了。
We’ve had too much rain this year.今年雨水太多。
2、表示一個(gè)從過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間開(kāi)始，延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并可能延續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作。
He has worked here for over twenty years.他在這里工作已有20多年了。
3、表示說(shuō)話前發(fā)生過(guò)一次或多次的動(dòng)作，現(xiàn)在成為一種經(jīng)驗(yàn)，一般譯為漢語(yǔ)“過(guò)”，常帶有twice, ever, never, three times等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。
I have been to Beijing twice.我去過(guò)北京兩次。
反意疑問(wèn)句
反意疑問(wèn)句由肯定陳述句加否定問(wèn)句構(gòu)成，或者由否定陳述句加肯定問(wèn)句構(gòu)成。
He's a student, isn't he?
She's not his mother, is she?
回答反意疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，要根據(jù)事實(shí)來(lái)回答。若事實(shí)是肯定的，則必須用 yes 回答。若事實(shí)是否定的，則必須用 no 回答。
---You're not ready, are you?你還沒(méi)有準(zhǔn)備好，對(duì)吧?
---No, I'm not.是的，我沒(méi)有準(zhǔn)備好。
---Yes, I am.不，我準(zhǔn)備好了。
拓展閱讀：初二下重點(diǎn)句型
Unit 1 What's the matter?
1. What's the matter with you?
= What'the trouble with you?
= What's wrong with you?
你怎么了?
2. What should she do?
她該怎么辦呢?
3.Should I take my temperature?
我應(yīng)該量一下體溫嗎?
4.You should lie down and rest.
你應(yīng)該躺下休息一會(huì)兒。
5. Do you think it comes from a newspaper or a book?
你認(rèn)為它是來(lái)自報(bào)紙還是書(shū)呢?
6. I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving.
我想我以同樣的姿勢(shì)一動(dòng)不動(dòng)地坐得太久了。
7. She said that the man had a heart problem and should go to the hospital.
她說(shuō)這個(gè)人有心臟病應(yīng)該去醫(yī)院。
Unit 2 I'll help to clean up the city parks.
1. The boy could give out food at the food bank.
這個(gè)男孩可以在食品救濟(jì)站分發(fā)食物。
2. Clean-Up Day is only two weeks from now.
清潔日離現(xiàn)在僅僅兩周的時(shí)間。
3. He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday morning.
每周六上午，他都在一'家動(dòng)物醫(yī)院當(dāng)志愿者。
4. Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.
去年，她決定去參加一個(gè)課外閱讀項(xiàng)目的志愿者的選拔。
5.You can see in their eyes that they're going on a different journey with each new book.
從他們的眼睛里你可以看到他們正在進(jìn)行每本不同的新書(shū)之旅。
6. I want to put off my plan to work in an animal hospital until next summer.
我想把我在動(dòng)物醫(yī)院工作的計(jì)劃推遲到明年夏天。
7. Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs to make lots of money.
現(xiàn)在的大部分人只是為找一份能掙許多錢(qián)的好工作而著急。
8. You helped to make it possible for me to have Luck.
在你的.幫助下，我才有可能擁有“幸運(yùn)兒”。
Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?
1.Could you please clean your room?
你能整理一下你的房間嗎?
2. I have to do some work.
我必須干些活。
3. Could I use your computer?
我可以用一下你的電腦嗎?
4. She won't be happy if she sees this mess.
如果她看到這樣亂七八糟的話，她會(huì)不高興的。
5. For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I.
整整一周，她什么家務(wù)活都不干了，我也一樣。
6. My mom came over as soon as I sat down in front of the TV .
我一在電視機(jī)前坐下，我媽媽就過(guò)來(lái)了。
7. I hate to do chores.
我不喜歡做雜務(wù)。
Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?
1. I studied until mid night last night so I did n't get enough sleep.
我昨晚學(xué)習(xí)到半夜所以睡眠不足。
2. Why don't you forget about it?
你為什么不忘掉它呢?
3. Although she's wrong , it,s not a big deal.
雖然她錯(cuò)了,但這并不是什么大事兒。
4. He should talk to his friend so that he can say he's sorry.
他應(yīng)該跟朋友談?wù)勔员闼苷f(shuō)聲對(duì)不起。
5. Maybe you could go to his house.
也許你可以去他家。
6. I guess I could, but I don't want to surprise him.
我想我可以.但我不想讓他感到驚訝。
Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?
1. — What were you doing at eight last night?
昨晚8點(diǎn)你在干什么?
— I was taking a shower.
我在洗淋浴。
2. When it began to rain, Ben was helping his mom make dinner.
當(dāng)開(kāi)始下雨的時(shí)候，本正在幫他媽媽做晚飯。
3. — What was Jenny doing while Linda was sleeping?
琳達(dá)在睡覺(jué)的時(shí)候，珍妮正在干什么?
— While Linda was sleeping, Jenny was helping Mary with her homework.
琳達(dá)在睡覺(jué)的時(shí)候，珍妮正在幫瑪麗做作業(yè)。
Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains.
1.So what do you think about the story of Yu Gong?
你覺(jué)得愚公的故事怎么樣?
2. It doesn't seem very possible to move a mountain.
把一座山給移掉好像不太可能。
3.This is because he can make 72 changes to his shape and size, turning himself into different animals and objects.
這是因?yàn)樗麜?huì)根據(jù)他的形狀和大小，做出72種變化，可以將自己變成不同的動(dòng)物或東西。
4.Sometimes he can make the stick so small that he can keep it in his ear.
有時(shí)候，他能夠讓他的金箍棒變得很小，以至于可以放在耳朵里。
5.Because they were so big that it took a long time to walk to the other side.
這些(山)太高了，他們要花好長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才能翻越過(guò)去。
6.Don't eat it until you get to the forest.
你們到達(dá)森林之后才能吃。
Unit 7 What’s the highest mountain in the world?
1.It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top.
當(dāng)你接近山頂時(shí)，連呼吸都會(huì)困難。
2.One of the main reasons is because people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties.
其中的一個(gè)主要的原因是人們想要在面臨困難時(shí)挑戰(zhàn)自己。
3.The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams.
這些登山者的精神向我們證明：我們永遠(yuǎn)都不應(yīng)該放棄實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的夢(mèng)想。
4. How high is Qomolangma?
珠穆朗瑪峰有多高?
5. Although Japan is older than Canada，it is much smaller.
雖然日本比加拿大有更悠久的歷史，但是日本比加拿大小多了。
6.Adult pandas spend more than 12 hours a day eating about 10 kilos of bamboo.
成年大熊貓一天要花1 2 個(gè)多小時(shí)的時(shí)間吃大約十千克竹子。
Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Island yet?
1.— Have you read little Women yet?
你讀過(guò)《小婦人》嗎?
— Yes,I have. /No,I haven't.
是的，我讀過(guò)。/ 不，我沒(méi)有。
2. — Has Tina read Treasure Island yet?
蒂娜讀過(guò)《金銀島》這本書(shū)嗎?
— Yes, she has. She thinks i t 's fantastic.
是的，她讀過(guò)。她覺(jué)得它很棒。
3. Would you like something to drink?
你要來(lái)點(diǎn)喝的嗎?
4. I heard you lost your key.
我聽(tīng)說(shuō)你丟鑰匙了。
5.She came to realize how much she actually missed all of them.
她開(kāi)始意識(shí)到，事實(shí)上她是多么想念他們所有的人。
Unit 9 Have you ever been to a museum?
1. Have you ever been to a science museum?
你曾經(jīng)去過(guò)科學(xué)博物館嗎?
2.Let's go somewhere different today.
我們今天去過(guò)不同的地方吧。
3. It's unbelievable that technology has progressed in such a rapid way.
科技以如此速猛的方式發(fā)展真是令人難以置信啊!
4. Whether you like Indian food, Western food or Japanese food, you,ll find it all in Singapore!
不管你喜歡印度食品，西方食品還是日本食品，在新加坡你都能找到!
5.One great thing about Singapore is that the temperature is almost the same all year round.
新加坡一個(gè)很大的特征是它的氣溫幾乎一年到頭都是一樣的。
6. It is best to visit Singapore.
最好游覽新加坡
Unit 10 I’ve had this bike for three years.
1. Have long have you had that bike over there?
那邊的那輛自行車你買了多久了?
2. Amy has had her favorite book for three years .
艾米擁有她最喜歡的書(shū)3年了。
3. He has owned it since his fourth birthday.
自他四歲生日起，他擁有這個(gè)東西了。
4. Some people still live in their hometown. However, others may only see it once or twice a year.
有些人依然住在家鄉(xiāng)，然而，另一些人可能一年只能回家鄉(xiāng)一兩次。
5. As for me ,I did not want to give up my football shirts,but to be honest, I have not played for a while now.
至于我，我不想放棄我的足球衣，但是，說(shuō)實(shí)在的，我現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有一段時(shí)間沒(méi)有踢球了。
6. Have you ever thought about having a yard sale to sell your things?
你是否曾經(jīng)想過(guò)要舉辦，一個(gè)庭院拍賣會(huì)來(lái)出售東西?
7. What would you do with the memory you raise?
你會(huì)怎樣處理你所籌集到得錢(qián)?
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