夜班工作可能致癌

　　governments and employers worldwide are set to face pressure for compensation and changes to working patterns following research suggesting night shift work may cause cancer.

　　研究表明，夜班工作可能導(dǎo)致癌癥。世界各國的政府和雇主們勢必面臨要求賠償和調(diào)整工作模式的壓力。

　　cancer patients' groups, researchers and trade unions are studying evidence of the link after denmark's national injuries board approved compensation of up to dkr1m ($181,000, ?134,000, ?123,000) for 38 women who developed breast cancer after working one or more nights a week for at least 20 years.

　　丹麥國家傷害委員會(national injuries board)批準給予38位患乳癌的婦女最高100萬丹麥克朗(合18.1萬美元)的補償，這些婦女在至少20年內(nèi)，每周上一個或多個晚上的夜班。目前，癌癥患者團體、研究人員和工會紛紛著手研究二者的關(guān)聯(lián)。

　　a review of recent studies by the international agency for research on cancer concluded that night work disrupted the body's circadian rhythms, inhibiting the production of melatonin, a hormone important in fighting cancer. “shift work that involves circadian disruption is probably carcinogenic to humans,” it concluded, putting the risk at the same level as chemicals containing lead, anabolic steroids, creosote, diesel exhaust and sun lamps.

　　國際癌癥研究機構(gòu)(iarc)一份回顧了近期相關(guān)研究的報告歸納道：夜班會擾亂人體晝夜節(jié)律，抑制褪黑激素的分泌，而褪黑激素是一種具有重要抗癌作用的激素。報告的結(jié)論是：“會擾亂晝夜節(jié)律的輪班工作，可能對人體具有致癌作用。”該報告將這種工作模式列為與含鉛化學(xué)物、合成代謝類固醇、雜酚油、柴油機尾氣和日光燈等具有同等致癌風險。

　　ahead of the full iarc findings to be published later this year, australia's national breast and ovarian cancer centre cautioned that some studies indicated a “small increase in breast cancer risk . . . in limited groups of women . . . after 20 years or more of shift work”, findings were inconsistent and some “open to questions of bias and confounding”.

　　iarc的`報告全文將于今年晚些時候發(fā)表。澳大利亞國家乳癌與卵巢癌中心(nbocc)則警告稱，一些研究指出，“在數(shù)量有限的女性中……經(jīng)過20年或以上的輪班工作……患乳癌風險小幅上升”，各項研究結(jié)果不一致，其中一些“可能存在偏見和混淆”。

　　but grete christensen, deputy president of the danish nurses' organisation, seven of whose members won compensation, said: “now you can be compensated for working night shifts just as if you were working with poisonous chemicals in some factory.”

　　丹麥護士組織(danish nurses' organisation)副主任格瑞特?克里斯騰森(grete christensen)表示：“如今你可以因上夜班獲得補償，就如同在某些工廠中與有毒化學(xué)物質(zhì)為伍一樣。”該組織有7名成員獲得了補償。

　　other european countries including the netherlands, belgium and the uk are also examining looking at the link between night work and breast cancer and may move to granting compensation.

　　包括荷蘭、比利時和英國等其它歐洲國家也在研究夜班工作與乳癌之間的關(guān)聯(lián)，并可能提供相應(yīng)補償。

　　the cancer society of finland said a forthcoming study on work and cancer in nordic countries would add to the evidence of a link between shift work and breast cancer in both men and women.

　　芬蘭癌癥協(xié)會(cancer society of finland)表示，一份研究北歐國家工作與癌癥關(guān)系的報告即將發(fā)表，將提供更多證據(jù)，說明輪班工作與乳癌之間存在關(guān)聯(lián)，不管是男性還是女性。

　　up to a fifth of employees in europe and the us work shifts including nights. more than 30 per cent work at night in healthcare, manufacturing, mining, transport, communication and the leisure and hospitality sectors.

　　包括夜班在內(nèi)，歐洲和美國有多達五分之一雇員輪班工作。在醫(yī)療、制造、礦業(yè)、交通、通信和娛樂住宿行業(yè)，30%以上雇員在夜班工作。

　　“there is sufficient evidence that night work is causing damage to men's and women's health,” says laurent vogel, director of the health and safety department of the european trade union confederation's institute. “the point is to limit night work to social or technical reasons . . . [not] just for reasons of profitability.”

　　“有充分證據(jù)表明，夜班工作對人體健康有害，無論男性還是女性。”歐洲工會聯(lián)合會研究所(etui-rehs)安全衛(wèi)生部主任洛朗?沃格爾(laurent vogel)表示：“關(guān)鍵是從社會或技術(shù)的角度減少夜班……而不僅僅是從盈利角度考慮。”

　　denmark's injuries board looked at 75 cases last year and approved compensation in 38. the board said it might recognise night working as an occupational disease once the full iarc report was published, speeding up approval of pay-outs.

　　丹麥國家傷害委員會去年研究了75個案例，批準給予其中38例補償。該委員會表示，一旦iarc的報告全文發(fā)表。

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