TED演講:長(zhǎng)大后你想成為什么樣的人
我們一定都曾被問(wèn)過(guò)“長(zhǎng)大后你想成什么樣的人?”這個(gè)問(wèn)題被我們的家長(zhǎng)、老師、親友長(zhǎng)輩問(wèn)過(guò)無(wú)數(shù)次，在我們成長(zhǎng)中可謂如影隨形。下面是中國(guó)人才網(wǎng)提供的TED演講:長(zhǎng)大后你想成為什么樣的人，供參考借鑒!
【ted演講：你希望未來(lái)成為什么的人】
Raise your hand if you've ever been asked the question "What do you want to be when yougrow up?"
Now if you had to guess, how old would you say you were when you were first asked thisquestion?You can just hold up fingers. Three. Five. Three. Five. Five. OK. Now, raise yourhand if the question"What do you want to be when you grow up?" has ever caused you anyanxiety.
Any anxiety at all.
I'm someone who's never been able to answer the question "What do you want to be when yougrow up?"
See, the problem wasn't that I didn't have any interests -- it's that I had too many. In high school,I liked English and math and art and I built websites and I played guitar in a punk band calledFrustrated Telephone Operator. Maybe you've heard of us.
This continued after high school, and at a certain point, I began to notice this pattern inmyself where I would become interested in an area and I would dive in, become all-consumed, and I'd get to be pretty good at whatever it was, and then I would hit this point whereI'd start to get bored. And usually I would try and persist anyway, because I had already devotedso much time and energy and sometimes money into this field. But eventually this sense ofboredom, this feeling of, like, yeah, I got this, this isn't challenging anymore -- it would get to betoo much. And I would have to let it go.
But then I would become interested in something else, something totally unrelated, and I woulddive into that, and become all-consumed, and I'd be like, "Yes! I found my thing," and then Iwould hit this point again where I'd start to get bored. And eventually, I would let it go. But then Iwould discover something new and totally different, and I would dive into that.
This pattern caused me a lot of anxiety, for two reasons. The first was that I wasn't sure how Iwas going to turn any of this into a career. I thought that I would eventually have to pick onething, deny all of my other passions, and just resign myself to being bored. The other reason itcaused me so much anxiety was a little bit more personal. I worried that there was somethingwrong with this, and something wrong with me for being unable to stick with anything. I worriedthat I was afraid of commitment, or that I was scattered, or that I was self-sabotaging, afraid ofmy own success.
If you can relate to my story and to these feelings, I'd like you to ask yourself a question that Iwish I had asked myself back then. Ask yourself where you learned to assign the meaning ofwrong or abnormal to doing many things. I'll tell you where you learned it: you learned it fromthe culture.
We are first asked the question "What do you want to be when you grow up?" when we're aboutfive years old. And the truth is that no one really cares what you say when you're that age.
It's considered an innocuous question, posed to little kids to elicit cute replies, like, "I want to bean astronaut," or "I want to be a ballerina," or "I want to be a pirate." Insert Halloween costumehere.
But this question gets asked of us again and again as we get older in various forms -- forinstance, high school students might get asked what major they're going to pick in college. Andat some point, "What do you want to be when you grow up?" goes from being the cute exerciseit once was to the thing that keeps us up at night. Why?
See, while this question inspires kids to dream about what they could be, it does not inspirethem to dream about all that they could be. In fact, it does just the opposite, because whensomeone asks you what you want to be, you can't reply with 20 different things, though well-meaning adults will likely chuckle and be like, "Oh, how cute, but you can't be a violin maker anda psychologist. You have to choose."
This is Dr. Bob Childs --
and he's a luthier and psychotherapist. And this is Amy Ng, a magazine editor turned illustrator,entrepreneur, teacher and creative director. But most kids don't hear about people like this. Allthey hear is that they're going to have to choose. But it's more than that. The notion of thenarrowly focused life is highly romanticized in our culture. It's this idea of destiny or the one truecalling, the idea that we each have one great thing we are meant to do during our time on thisearth, and you need to figure out what that thing is and devote your life to it.
But what if you're someone who isn't wired this way? What if there are a lot of different subjectsthat you're curious about, and many different things you want to do? Well, there is no room forsomeone like you in this framework. And so you might feel alone. You might feel like you don'thave a purpose. And you might feel like there's something wrong with you. There's nothingwrong with you. What you are is a multipotentialite.
A multipotentialite is someone with many interests and creative pursuits. It's a mouthful to say. Itmight help if you break it up into three parts: multi, potential, and ite. You can also use one ofthe other terms that connote the same idea, such as polymath, the Renaissanceperson. Actually, during the Renaissance period, it was considered the ideal to be well-versedin multiple disciplines. Barbara Sher refers to us as "scanners." Use whichever term you like, orinvent your own. I have to say I find it sort of fitting that as a community, we cannot agree on asingle identity.
It's easy to see your multipotentiality as a limitation or an affliction that you need toovercome. But what I've learned through speaking with people and writing about these ideas onmy website, is that there are some tremendous strengths to being this way. Here arethree multipotentialite super powers.
One: idea synthesis. That is, combining two or more fields and creating something new at theintersection. Sha Hwang and Rachel Binx drew from their shared interests in cartography, datavisualization, travel, mathematics and design, when they founded Meshu. Meshu is a companythat creates custom geographically-inspired jewelry. Sha and Rachel came up with this uniqueidea not despite, but because of their eclectic mix of skills and experiences. Innovation happensat the intersections. That's where the new ideas come from. And multipotentialites, with all oftheir backgrounds, are able to access a lot of these points of intersection.
The second multipotentialite superpower is rapid learning. When multipotentialites becomeinterested in something, we go hard. We observe everything we can get our hands on. We'realso used to being beginners, because we've been beginners so many times in the past, andthis means that we're less afraid of trying new things and stepping out of our comfortzones. What's more, many skills are transferable across disciplines, and we bring everythingwe've learned to every new area we pursue,so we're rarely starting from scratch.
Nora Dunn is a full-time traveler and freelance writer. As a child concert pianist, she honed anincredible ability to develop muscle memory. Now, she's the fastest typist she knows.
08:48Before becoming a writer, Nora was a financial planner. She had to learn the finer mechanics ofsaleswhen she was starting her practice, and this skill now helps her write compelling pitches toeditors. It is rarely a waste of time to pursue something you're drawn to, even if you end upquitting. You might apply that knowledge in a different field entirely, in a way that you couldn'thave anticipated.
The third multipotentialite superpower is adaptability; that is, the ability to morph into whateveryou need to be in a given situation. Abe Cajudo is sometimes a video director, sometimes a webdesigner,sometimes a Kickstarter consultant, sometimes a teacher, and sometimes, apparently,James Bond.
He's valuable because he does good work. He's even more valuable because he can take onvarious roles, depending on his clients' needs. Fast Company magazine identifiedadaptability as the single most important skill to develop in order to thrive in the 21stcentury. The economic world is changing so quickly and unpredictably that it is the individualsand organizations that can pivot in order to meet the needs of the market that are really goingto thrive.
Idea synthesis, rapid learning and adaptability: three skills that multipotentialites are very adeptat, and three skills that they might lose if pressured to narrow their focus. As a society, we havea vested interest in encouraging multipotentialites to be themselves. We have a lot of complex,multidimensional problems in the world right now, and we need creative, out-of-the-box thinkersto tackle them.
Now, let's say that you are, in your heart, a specialist. You came out of the womb knowing youwanted to be a pediatric neurosurgeon. Don't worry -- there's nothing wrong with you, either.
In fact, some of the best teams are comprised of a specialist and multipotentialite pairedtogether. The specialist can dive in deep and implement ideas, while the multipotentialite bringsa breadth of knowledge to the project. It's a beautiful partnership. But we should all bedesigning lives and careersthat are aligned with how we're wired. And sadly, multipotentialitesare largely being encouraged simply to be more like their specialist peers.
So with that said, if there is one thing you take away from this talk, I hope that it is this: embraceyour inner wiring, whatever that may be. If you're a specialist at heart, then by all means,specialize. That is where you'll do your best work. But to the multipotentialites in theroom, including those of you who may have just realized in the last 12 minutes that you are one--
to you I say: embrace your many passions. Follow your curiosity down those rabbitholes. Explore your intersections. Embracing our inner wiring leads to a happier, more authenticlife. And perhaps more importantly -- multipotentialites, the world needs us.
Thank you.
附中文：“長(zhǎng)大后你想成為什么樣的人?”
我們一定對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題耳熟能詳，不僅在于我們經(jīng)常做這個(gè)問(wèn)題的提問(wèn)者，更是從小到大回答了無(wú)數(shù)遍。然而對(duì)于部分人，這個(gè)問(wèn)題卻會(huì)讓他們無(wú)從回答，因?yàn)�，與其說(shuō)這個(gè)問(wèn)題在于幫助他們明確人生規(guī)劃，倒不如說(shuō)是在為他們未來(lái)的無(wú)限可能設(shè)限。
對(duì)于擁有多種興趣愛(ài)好且無(wú)法做出職業(yè)抉擇的人來(lái)說(shuō)，這種太過(guò)廣泛的對(duì)事物的熱情能否實(shí)現(xiàn)人生價(jià)值?無(wú)法對(duì)一種事物投入終生的熱忱是否意味著不夠堅(jiān)定?
在Emilie Wapnick的這期TED演講中，希望我們能解決這些困惑。
講師：Emilie Wapnick
我是從未正確回答過(guò)這個(gè)問(wèn)題的，“你長(zhǎng)大想成為什么人?”麻煩不在于我沒(méi)有任何愛(ài)好，而是我有太多愛(ài)好。高中的時(shí)候，我喜歡英語(yǔ)、數(shù)學(xué)、藝術(shù)，我建了網(wǎng)站，在一個(gè)叫“失意電話接線員”的朋克樂(lè)隊(duì)當(dāng)吉他手，也許你聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)我們。
高中之后，我依然如此。在某個(gè)時(shí)間，我開(kāi)始意識(shí)到我身上的這種模式：開(kāi)始對(duì)某個(gè)領(lǐng)域感興趣，全力以赴，沉浸其中，無(wú)論這是哪個(gè)領(lǐng)域，我都能變得挺擅長(zhǎng)，然后，我就會(huì)開(kāi)始感到無(wú)聊。通常情況下，我還是會(huì)繼續(xù)嘗試和堅(jiān)持，因?yàn)槲乙呀?jīng)在這個(gè)領(lǐng)域投入了如此多的時(shí)間與精力，有時(shí)還包括金錢(qián)。然而，最終這種無(wú)聊的感覺(jué)，有點(diǎn)像“耶，我做到了，這不再是個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)了!”這種感覺(jué)越來(lái)越強(qiáng)烈，最終，我不得不放手。
然而，接下來(lái)我會(huì)開(kāi)始對(duì)其他東西感興趣，一些和之前毫不相關(guān)的東西，我再次全力以赴，沉浸其中，這種狀態(tài)就是像“是的，我找到真愛(ài)了!”然后，我再次開(kāi)始感到無(wú)聊。最終，我又會(huì)放手。但接著，我又發(fā)現(xiàn)一些與之前截然不同的新事物，再次沉浸其中。這種模式讓我變得非常焦慮，原因有兩個(gè)，首先我不確定，我可以在多大程度上將其中的任何一種變成我的職業(yè)。我以為，最終我必須選擇其中一種，否認(rèn)我花在其他選項(xiàng)上的所有熱情，以此避免再次感到無(wú)聊的可能。另一個(gè)原因是更加個(gè)人的，我擔(dān)心，這種模式是否意味著，我不能堅(jiān)持做一件事，這是個(gè)問(wèn)題。我苦惱于我可能害怕承諾，我容易分心，或者具有自我破壞傾向，害怕自己成功。
如果你在我的故事中找到共鳴，心有戚戚焉，我希望你能問(wèn)自己一個(gè)問(wèn)題，一個(gè)我希望在那個(gè)時(shí)候能問(wèn)自己的問(wèn)題。問(wèn)問(wèn)自己，你從什么地方學(xué)到做很多不一樣的事情是錯(cuò)誤和反常的?
我來(lái)告訴你是從哪里學(xué)到的，是從文化中學(xué)到的。
當(dāng)我們第一次被問(wèn)到“你長(zhǎng)大后想成為什么樣的人?”那時(shí)我們大概五歲左右。真相是，在你那么大的時(shí)候，沒(méi)有人真正在乎你的答案。在提問(wèn)者看來(lái)，這是個(gè)無(wú)傷大雅的問(wèn)題，為了引出小孩子們天真的回答而拋給他們，就像“我想當(dāng)宇航員”或者“我想當(dāng)芭蕾舞演員”或者“我想當(dāng)海盜”。然而這個(gè)問(wèn)題在我們長(zhǎng)大的過(guò)程中一次又一次地被問(wèn)起，以各種花樣。例如，高中學(xué)生們可能被這樣提問(wèn)，“你打算在大學(xué)里讀什么專業(yè)?”答案從最開(kāi)始的'童言無(wú)忌到令我們整夜失眠。
為什么?
因?yàn)椋@個(gè)問(wèn)題鼓勵(lì)著孩子去夢(mèng)想他們的未來(lái)，但卻無(wú)法鼓舞他們?nèi)?mèng)想未來(lái)的所有可能。
事實(shí)上，它的效果正相反，當(dāng)有人問(wèn)你想做什么時(shí)，你不能回答說(shuō)有20種不同的事情。雖然善意的成年人可能在輕聲笑，然后說(shuō)，“噢，你真可愛(ài)，但你不能同時(shí)是琴匠和心理學(xué)家，你必須選擇。”這是Bob博士的孩子——
他是一位制琴師與心理治療師。
這是Amy Ng，從雜志編輯轉(zhuǎn)行成為插畫(huà)家、企業(yè)家、教師以及創(chuàng)意總監(jiān)。
然而大多數(shù)孩子沒(méi)有聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)這樣的人，他們聽(tīng)到的，是他們必須做出選擇。事情還不僅僅如此。這種狹隘的生活觀念在我們的文化中被高度美化了。正是這種被稱之為命運(yùn)或者響應(yīng)內(nèi)心真實(shí)召喚的觀念——我們每個(gè)人都有一樁偉大的事業(yè)，我們預(yù)備需用一生的時(shí)間投入其中，你需要弄清楚它是什么，然后將你的生命奉獻(xiàn)于此。但倘若你的命運(yùn)并非如此呢?倘若你對(duì)很多不同課題都感到好奇，而且想做很多不同的事情呢?好了，目前在這樣的社會(huì)體系中，沒(méi)有空間容納像你這樣的人。你可能會(huì)覺(jué)得孤獨(dú)，覺(jué)得迷茫，沒(méi)有目標(biāo)。反思自己是不是不正常呀。
你很正常，你其實(shí)是一名“多相潛能者”。一名多相潛能者擁有許多愛(ài)好與創(chuàng)意追求。你身上的多相潛能特質(zhì)很容易被視為是一個(gè)缺陷，或者是你需要克服的障礙。然而我在與人交談中學(xué)到的，以及在我的網(wǎng)站上寫(xiě)到的，就是成為一名多相潛能者具有一些巨大的優(yōu)勢(shì)，這里有三個(gè)例子：
一、跨界整合
也就是整合兩個(gè)或多個(gè)領(lǐng)域，在交叉地帶創(chuàng)造全新的事物。
Sha Hwang與Rachel Binx被對(duì)方相同的興趣所吸引，制圖、數(shù)據(jù)可視化、旅游、數(shù)學(xué)和設(shè)計(jì)，之后他們創(chuàng)立了Meshu，一個(gè)生產(chǎn)定制具有地域風(fēng)格飾品的公司。在這個(gè)獨(dú)特創(chuàng)意的產(chǎn)生過(guò)程中，Sha Hwang與Rachel Binx將他們的技能與經(jīng)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行了廣泛組合，而不是將不同排除。創(chuàng)新就產(chǎn)生在這樣的交叉領(lǐng)域。新的概念也由此而來(lái)。而多相潛能者，他們的全部背景，能夠激發(fā)出大量的創(chuàng)新交叉點(diǎn)。
二、快速學(xué)習(xí)
當(dāng)多相潛能者對(duì)某種東西感興趣，他們會(huì)非常努力，會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)能拿到手的一切相關(guān)材料。我們也習(xí)慣于當(dāng)一名初學(xué)者，因?yàn)樵谶^(guò)去的時(shí)間里我們一次次地充當(dāng)初學(xué)者的角色，這意味著我們更勇于嘗試新事物以及跨出我們所謂的舒適區(qū)。此外，很多技能通過(guò)跨學(xué)科互相轉(zhuǎn)化，我們帶著所學(xué)到的一切去往每一個(gè)所追求的全新領(lǐng)域，所以其實(shí)我們是很少?gòu)念^開(kāi)始的。
Nora Dunn是一位全職的旅行家與自由撰稿人。在成為撰稿人之前，Nora是一位理財(cái)規(guī)劃師。她必須學(xué)會(huì)銷售的精打細(xì)算，在她開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)寫(xiě)作時(shí)，這項(xiàng)技能幫助她向編寫(xiě)者提交非常有吸引力的文案。所以，當(dāng)你去追去那些吸引你的事物時(shí)，時(shí)間很少會(huì)被浪費(fèi)，即使你最后退出，你可能會(huì)在另一個(gè)截然不同的領(lǐng)域去應(yīng)用之前所學(xué)，以一種連你自己都意想不到的方式。
三、適應(yīng)力
適應(yīng)力是轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槿魏文阈枰蔀榈慕巧哪芰Α?/p>
在一個(gè)特定情境中，Abe Cajudo在一些時(shí)候是視頻編導(dǎo)，一些時(shí)候是網(wǎng)站設(shè)計(jì)師，一些時(shí)候是Kickstarter網(wǎng)站的咨詢師，一些時(shí)候是教師，很顯然地，還有一些時(shí)候是詹姆斯·邦德(玩笑)。他是可貴的，因?yàn)樗ぷ鞒錾少F的是，他可以玩轉(zhuǎn)多重角色。世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的變化如此迅速而不可預(yù)知，以致于只有那些能夠適應(yīng)市場(chǎng)需求的個(gè)人與組織才能夠真正地存活下來(lái)。
跨界整合能力、快速學(xué)習(xí)能力與適應(yīng)能力，三項(xiàng)多相潛能者擅長(zhǎng)的技能，如果被迫將眼光收窄，他們就可能失去這些技能。對(duì)社會(huì)而言，我們的既得利益要去鼓勵(lì)多相潛能者做自己，在這個(gè)世界，如今我們有很多復(fù)雜的、多維度的問(wèn)題，我們需要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造性的、打破常規(guī)的思想者們來(lái)處理這些問(wèn)題。
我們所有人都理應(yīng)設(shè)計(jì)一種與我們的天性相聯(lián)系的生活與職業(yè)生涯。但令人遺憾的是，大多時(shí)候，多相潛能者常被勸說(shuō)成為專家的樣子。
所以，如上所言，如果你要從這場(chǎng)講座中帶走一樣事物，我希望是這個(gè)：擁抱你的內(nèi)在天性，無(wú)論那是什么。
如果你內(nèi)心告訴自己你是一名專家，那就不顧一切，把自己變得專業(yè)，在專家的位置你會(huì)做得更好。而對(duì)于在場(chǎng)的多相潛能者來(lái)說(shuō)，包括那些可能是剛剛意識(shí)到自己是多相潛能者的人，對(duì)你，我想說(shuō)：擁抱你的多樣熱情，跟隨你的好奇心，尋找那些“兔子洞”，探索你的交叉領(lǐng)域，擁抱你的內(nèi)在天性，追隨一種更快樂(lè)、更真實(shí)的人生。
或許最重要的——多相潛能者，世界需要我們。
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