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艾瑪·沃特森聯(lián)合國(guó)女權(quán)主義演講（中英文）
“出任“聯(lián)合國(guó)婦女親善大使”的艾瑪·沃特森，在聯(lián)合國(guó)和秘書長(zhǎng)潘基文等一起出席促進(jìn)性別平等的活動(dòng)“HE FOR SHE (他為她)”，并發(fā)表了12分鐘的演講，呼吁男女平等，男性也該參與，不要置身事外。下面我們一起看看她的精彩演講吧。
艾瑪 · 沃特森聯(lián)合國(guó)演講稿英文：
Today we are launching a campaign called “He For She.”
I am reaching out to you because I need your help. We want to end gender inequality—and to do that we need everyone to be involved.
This is the first campaign of its kind at the UN: we want to try and galvanize as many men and boys as possible to be advocates for gender equality. And we don’t just want to talk about it, but make sure it is tangible.
I was appointed six months ago and the more I have spoken about feminism the more I have realized that fighting for women’s rights has too often become synonymous with man-hating. If there is one thing I know for certain, it is that this has to stop.
For the record, feminism by definition is: “The belief that men and women should have equal rights and opportunities. It is the theory of the political, economic and social equality of the sexes.”
I started questioning gender-based assumptions when ateight I was confused at being called “bossy,” because I wanted to direct theplays we would put on for our parents—but the boys were not.
When at 14 I started being sexualized by certainelements of the press.
When at 15 my girlfriends started dropping out oftheir sports teams because they didn’t want to appear “muscly.”
When at 18 my male friends were unable to express their feelings.
I decided I was a feminist and this seemed uncomplicated to me. But my recent research has shown me that feminism has become an unpopular word.
Apparently I am among the ranks of women whose expressions are seen as too strong, too aggressive, isolating, anti-men and,unattractive.
Why is the word such an uncomfortable one?
I am from Britain and think it is right that as a woman I am paid the same as my male counterparts. I think it is right that I should be able to make decisions about my own body. I think it is right that women be involved on my behalf in the policies and decision-making of my country. I think it is right that socially I am afforded the same respect as men. But sadly I can say that there is no one country in the world where all women can expect to receive these rights.
No country in the world can yet say they have achieved gender equality.
These rights I consider to be human rights but I am one of the lucky ones. My life is a sheer privilege because my parents didn’t love me less because I was born a daughter. My school did not limit me because I was a girl. My mentors didn’t assume I would go less far because I might give birth to a child one day. These influencers were the gender equality ambassadors that made who I am today. They may not know it, but they are the inadvertent feminists who are. And we need more of those. And if you still hate the word—it is not the word that is important but the idea and the ambition behind it. Because not all women have been afforded the same rights that I have. In fact, statistically, very few have been.
In 1997, Hilary Clinton made a famous speech in Beijing about women’s rights. Sadly many of the things she wanted to change are still a reality today.
But what stood out for me the most was that only 30 per cent of her audience were male. How can we affect change in the world when only half of it is invited or feel welcome to participate in the conversation?
Men—I would like to take this opportunity to extend your formal invitation. Gender equality is your issue too.
Because to date, I’ve seen my father’s role as aparent being valued less by society despite my needing his presence as a child as much as my mother’s.
I’ve seen young men suffering from mental illness unable to ask for help for fear it would make them look less “macho”—in fact in the UK suicide is the biggest killer of men between 20-49; eclipsing road accidents, cancer and coronary heart disease. I’ve seen men made fragile andinsecure by a distorted sense of what constitutes male success. Men don’t have the benefits of equality either.
We don’t often talk about men being imprisoned by gender stereotypes but I can see that that they are and that when they are free, things will change for women as a natural consequence.
If men don’t have to be aggressive in order to beaccepted women won’t feel compelled to be submissive. If men don’t have tocontrol, women won’t have to be controlled.
Both men and women should feel free to be sensitive.Both men and women should feel free to be strong… It is time that we allperceive gender on a spectrum not as two opposing sets of ideals.
If we stop defining each other by what we are not andstart defining ourselves by what we are—we can all be freer and this is what He For She is about. It’s about freedom.
I want men to take up this mantle. So their daughters, sisters and mothers can be free from prejudice but also so that their sons have permission to be vulnerable and human too—reclaim those parts of themselves they abandoned and in doing so be a more true and complete version of themselves.
You might be thinking who is this Harry Potter girl? And what is she doing up on stage at the UN. It’s a good question and trust meI have been asking myself the same thing. I don’t know if I am qualified to behere. All I know is that I care about this problem. And I want to make it better.
And having seen what I’ve seen—and given the chance — I feel it is my duty to say something. English states man Edmund Burke said: “All that is needed for the forces of evil to triumph is for enough good men and women to do nothing.”
In my nervousness for this speech and in my moments of doubt I’ve told myself firmly—if not me, who, if not now, when. If you have similar doubts when opportunities are presented to you I hope those words might be helpful.
Because the reality is that if we do nothing it will take 75 years, or for me to be nearly a hundred before women can expect to be paid the same as men for the same work. 15.5 million girls will be married inthe next 16 years as children. And at current rates it won’t be until 2086 before all rural African girls will be able to receive a secondary education.
And for this I applaud you.
We are struggling for a uniting word but the good newsis we have a uniting movement. It is called He For She. I am inviting you to stepforward, to be seen to speak up, To be the he for she. And to ask yourself, if not me, who? if not now, when?
Thank you.
中文版
今天，我們要發(fā)動(dòng)一項(xiàng)名為“他為她”的運(yùn)動(dòng)。
我向你伸出我的手，因?yàn)槲倚枰愕膸椭�。我們希望終結(jié)性別不平等——為此，我們需要所有人都參與其中。
這是聯(lián)合國(guó)同類運(yùn)動(dòng)中的第一項(xiàng)：我們希望努力并激勵(lì)盡可能多的男人和男孩倡導(dǎo)性別平等。而且希望這(性別平等)不只是空談，而是確確實(shí)實(shí)是看得見摸得著的。
六個(gè)月前，我被任命為聯(lián)合國(guó)婦女親善大使。而隨著我談?wù)撆畽?quán)主義越多，我越發(fā)現(xiàn)，“爭(zhēng)取女性權(quán)益”太容易被當(dāng)作是“憎恨男人”的同義詞。如果說有一件事是我確實(shí)知道的，那就是，這樣的誤解必須停止。
必須鄭重聲明，女權(quán)主義的定義是：“相信男性和女性應(yīng)該擁有平等權(quán)利和機(jī)會(huì)。它是性別間政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)平等的理論。”
8歲時(shí)，我開始質(zhì)疑某些基于性別的假設(shè)。我不明白，為什么我想在為家長(zhǎng)上演的戲劇里擔(dān)任導(dǎo)演，就會(huì)被說成“專橫”，而男孩們則不會(huì);
14歲時(shí)，我開始被媒體報(bào)道的某些元素性別化;
15歲時(shí)，我的女性朋友們開始退出各自的運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì)，因?yàn)樗齻儾幌Ｍ@得“肌肉發(fā)達(dá)”;
18歲時(shí)，我的男性朋友們無法表達(dá)他們的感受。
我認(rèn)為自己是一名女權(quán)主義者，這(身份認(rèn)定)對(duì)我來說并不難。但我最近的調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，“女權(quán)主義”竟已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)不受歡迎的詞。
顯然，我成了那些言辭看起來過于強(qiáng)勢(shì)、過于激進(jìn)、孤立、反男性、不吸引人的女性行列中的一員。
為什么這個(gè)詞如此令人不安?
我來自英國(guó)，我認(rèn)為身為女性，應(yīng)該和男性同行獲得一樣的報(bào)酬。我認(rèn)為我應(yīng)該自己為自己的身體做決定。我認(rèn)為應(yīng)該有女性代表我參與政治，以及我的國(guó)家的決策制定。我認(rèn)為在社會(huì)上，我應(yīng)該和男性獲得相同的尊重。
但遺憾的是，世界上沒有一個(gè)國(guó)家能使所有的女性都能獲得上述權(quán)利。世界上沒有一個(gè)國(guó)家能說，他們已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了性別平等。
這些權(quán)利，我認(rèn)為是每個(gè)人都該享有，然而我只是眾多幸運(yùn)兒中的一個(gè)。我的生活是完完全全的特例，因?yàn)槲业母改笡]有因?yàn)槲疑鸀榕畠憾鴾p少對(duì)我的愛，我的學(xué)校沒有因?yàn)槲沂桥⒍拗莆�，我的�?dǎo)師沒有因?yàn)槲覍砜赡芤⒆佣J(rèn)為我會(huì)走不遠(yuǎn)。這些影響了我的人，都是性別平等大使，是他們?cè)炀土私裉斓奈摇Ｋ麄円苍S并不知道，但他們是無心的女權(quán)主義者。而我們現(xiàn)在，則需要更多這樣的人。所以，如果你仍然憎恨這個(gè)詞——重要的不是這個(gè)詞，而是它背后的想法和抱負(fù)。因?yàn)椴⒉皇撬信远寄軌蛳碛形宜鶕碛械臋?quán)利。事實(shí)上，從統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)看，真的非常少。
1997年，希拉里克林頓在北京做了一個(gè)關(guān)于女性權(quán)益的著名演講。很遺憾，很多她希望改變的事實(shí)今天仍存在。
我注意到，聽眾里只有30%是男性。當(dāng)只有世界上的一半的人參與并融入這場(chǎng)對(duì)話時(shí)，我們?cè)趺纯赡茏龀鲇绊懯澜绲母淖?
男人們——我希望利用這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)正式的邀請(qǐng)你們加入。你們也與性別平等有關(guān)。
因?yàn)榈侥壳盀橹�，我看到，我父親作為家長(zhǎng)所發(fā)揮的作用被社會(huì)所低估，雖然作為孩子，我所需要的他的陪伴和我需要母親的一樣多。
我看到，年輕男性因?yàn)楹ε伦约猴@得不夠“男子漢大丈夫”，從而在承受心理困擾時(shí)窘于尋求幫助——事實(shí)上，在英國(guó)，自殺已經(jīng)是20-49歲男性的第一死亡原因，比交通事故、癌癥和冠心病造成的死亡都多。我看到，男人因?yàn)閷?duì)男性成功的扭曲理解而感到脆弱和不安全。性別不平等對(duì)男性也沒有好處。
我們并不常談及男人因?yàn)樾詣e刻板印象而入獄，不過我可以看到，事情真是這樣。并且當(dāng)他們自由時(shí)，女性的境遇也會(huì)自然發(fā)生變化。
如果男性不再為了被認(rèn)可而變得強(qiáng)勢(shì)好斗，女性也不會(huì)再感到被迫逆來順受。如果男性不再被迫掌控一切，女性也不會(huì)再被迫受掌控。
男人和女人都可以敏感;男人和女人都可以強(qiáng)壯……是時(shí)候把性別理解為光譜，而不是南北兩派。
如果我們不再把對(duì)方定義為自己的對(duì)立面，而是把對(duì)方定義為我們的一員——我們都會(huì)更加自由。這就是“他為她”運(yùn)動(dòng)所倡導(dǎo)的。這就是自由。
我希望男性負(fù)起這個(gè)責(zé)任。這樣他們的女兒、姐妹和母親都能夠擁有免于偏見的自由，同時(shí)，他們的兒子也能被允許脆弱和感性——擁有這些他們?cè)?jīng)擯棄的特質(zhì)，他們才是更真實(shí)和完整的自己。
你可能會(huì)想，這個(gè)從《哈利波特》里走出的姑娘是誰? 她在聯(lián)合國(guó)的講臺(tái)上做什么?這是一個(gè)好問題。相信我，我也問過自己相同的問題。我不關(guān)心我是否夠格站在這里。我所知道的是我關(guān)心這個(gè)問題。我希望它能變好。
同時(shí)，因?yàn)槲夷慷眠^那些事情——并且我又有機(jī)會(huì)——我感到自己有責(zé)任說些什么。英國(guó)政治家埃德蒙德·伯克曾說：“惡勢(shì)力要想取勝很容易，只要足夠多的、善良的男人和女人們什么都不做就可以了。”
當(dāng)我為這次演講感到緊張和疑慮時(shí)，我堅(jiān)定的告訴自己——如果不是我，那又該是誰;如果不是現(xiàn)在，那又該是何時(shí)? 如果當(dāng)你面對(duì)機(jī)會(huì)時(shí)也有類似的疑慮，希望這些話能對(duì)你有所幫助。
因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)是，如果我們什么也不做，那么女性實(shí)現(xiàn)與男性同工同酬需要花上75年，而要我說，這恐怕得花上幾乎一百年。1550萬女孩會(huì)在未來16年被迫童婚。同時(shí)，按現(xiàn)在的發(fā)展速度，在2086年以前，非洲農(nóng)村都無法實(shí)現(xiàn)所有女孩都能接受中等教育。
如果你相信平等，你可能是我前頭說到的那些無心的女權(quán)主義者的一員。
為此，我為你鼓掌喝彩。
我們正在努力爭(zhēng)取一個(gè)團(tuán)結(jié)的世界，好消息是，我們已經(jīng)有了一個(gè)團(tuán)結(jié)的運(yùn)動(dòng)。它叫做“他為她”。我邀請(qǐng)你站出來，展示自己，暢所欲言，成為一個(gè)為女性權(quán)益奮斗的男性。以及，問自己：如果不是我，那又該是誰;如果不是現(xiàn)在，那又該是何時(shí)! 謝謝。
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